Search results for " oncologia"

Treatment strategies for cancer patients with breakthrough pain.

2009

Breakthrough pain (BTP) is a transitory flare of pain superimposed on an otherwise stable pain pattern in patients treated with opioids. It is normally severe in intensity, has a rapid onset, has a variable duration (on average 30 min) and is considered a negative prognostic factor. OBJECTIVE: To verify the data in the literature about therapy strategies for BTP in cancer patients. METHODS: To find clinical trials investigating drug therapy for BTP. CONCLUSION: The treatment of BTP in cancer patients receiving opioids is principally based on the use of opioids, preferentially with a short onset. Fentanyl delivered by recently developed systems seems to be the best option to cover the tempor…

Expression pattern of receptor activator of NFκB (RANK) in a series of primary solid tumors and related bone metastases.

2011

Receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL), RANK, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) represent the key regulators of bone metabolism both in normal and pathological conditions, including bone metastases. To our knowledge, no previous studies investigated and compared RANK expression in primary tumors and in bone metastases from the same patient. We retrospectively examined RANK expression by immunohistochemistry in 74 bone metastases tissues from solid tumors, mostly breast, colorectal, renal, lung, and prostate cancer. For 40 cases, tissue from the corresponding primary tumor was also analyzed. Sixty-six (89%) of the 74 bone metastases were RANK-positive and, among these, 40 (59.5%) showed more than…

Adherence, compliance and persistence to oral antineoplastic therapy: a review focused on chemotherapeutic and biologic agents

2011

Introduction: To date, orally administered chemotherapy and biologic agents represent a significant percentage of all antineoplastic treatments in several types of cancer, which are most likely to increase in the near future. In this scenario, the issue of adherence and persistence to oral therapy is a key issue since poor compliance to oral antineoplastic treatments may negatively influence patients' clinical outcomes and, in turn, cause an increase in costs, number of hospitalizations and time spent in the hospital. Areas covered: The issue of adherence to new oral chemotherapeutic and/or biologic agents has not been deeply evaluated and data published in medical literature are quite scar…

VIPoma and PPoma

2015

Gastrinomas are rare tumors of the neuroendocrine system, occurring within the pancreas and duodenum. The annual incidence is estimated at 0.5 per million of the population [1]. Overproduction of gastrin by these tumors produces a sustained increase in gastric acid secretion, leading to clinical manifestations of complicated peptic ulcer disease known as the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) [2]. Although most gastrinomas grow slowly, over 60 % are malignant and 25 % show rapid aggressive behavior [3-5]. Most commonly gastrinomas metastasize to regional lymph nodes and the liver, and it is this malignant potential which has become increasingly important since the introduction of effective me…

Social disparities, health risk behaviors, and cancer

2013

Background: Overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men and women, largely due to improvements in surgical therapeutic approaches (tertiary prevention) and screening programs (secondary prevention), but differences in cancer incidence and survival according to socioeconomic status are documented worldwide. Health risk behaviors, defined as habits or practices that increase an individual’s likelihood of harmful health outcomes, are thought to mediate such inequalities. Discussion: Obesity has been related with increased cancer incidence and mortality due to imbalance of leptin and adiponectin which are connected to activation of PI3K, MAPK, and STAT3 p…

Everolimus (EVE) and exemestane (EXE) in patients with advanced breast cancer aged ≥ 65 years: New lessons for clinical practice from the EVA study

2018

BACKGROUND: The present analysis focuses on real-world data of Everolimus- Exemestane in advanced HR+ve, HER2-ve elderly breast cancer patients (aged 65 years) included in the EVA study, with unique findings in those aged 70 years. METHODS: Data are collected from clinical records and analysed according to age cut-off (< 65 years; 65 - 69 years and [greater than or equal to] 70 years). Relationship of analyzed variables with response were tested by mean of a Mantel- Haenszel chi square test. Time to event analysis was described by Kaplan Meier approach and association with baseline characteristics was analysed by stratified log-rank test and proportional hazard model. RESULTS: From July …

Pancoast's syndrome caused by lymph node metastasis from breast cancer.

2018

Pancoast’s syndrome may be the result of neoplastic, inflammatory or infectious disease. We report an unusual case of Pancoast’s syndrome in a patient with metastatic breast cancer. A 54-year-old woman, affected by metastatic breast cancer, presented for severe shoulder pain, paraesthesia and numbness in the right arm. Despite further multiple lines of systemic chemotherapy, she developed a progressive enlargement of retropectoral, supraclavicular and infraclavicular lymph node metastases, which involved brachial plexus, apex of lung and anterior mediastinum. Physical examination revealed severe weakness of proximal muscles of the right arm. Neuropathic pain was managed with pharmacological…

“Randomized comparison of capecitabine versus fluorouracil/leucovorin in combination with oxaliplatin in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: South…

2008

Aspetti radiologici nell'osteonecrosi dei mascellari da bifosfonati e proposta di una classificazione radiologica in funzione dell'evoluzione clinica.

2011

Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis of the jaw: pathogenetic hypothesis and new preventive measures

2012

BRONJ is a serious oral complication of BP treatment involving the exposure of necrotic maxillary or mandibular bone. We investigated the pathogenetic hypothesis and new preventive measures for BRONJ in patients with bone metastases who received BP zoledronic acid (ZOL) and chemotherapy combined with the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab (BEV). The pathogenesis of BRONJ is uncertain: the type of BP, duration of the drug use and the occurrence of tooth extractions or other invasive dental procedures during treatment seem to play a major role. A theory that BRONJ is a form of avascular necrosis similar to osteoradio-necrosis also has been proposed. It maybe hypothesized that the combination of…