Search results for " organization"
showing 10 items of 2469 documents
Institutions and Innovation as Driving Forces Towards a Smart City and Sustainable Territorial Development
2018
The aim of the chapter is the analysis of innovation and institution as key-elements for reaching a higher social welfare and for improving environmental quality. To determine a social optimum or a Pareto improvement, we consider the interaction between institution and firm in the short and in the medium/long run. Using a static comparative analysis, the interaction of these two agents, institution and market, is examined. Within the market an entrant and an incumbent firm are present, and the entrant firm radically innovates. Even if in the short run results show that the market alone is able to realize a Pareto improvement, an institution action through an innovation adoption is a prefera…
Fostering Dynamic Growth in New Ventures through Venture Capital: Conceptualizing Venture Capital Capabilities
2017
There is ample evidence of the influence of venture capital on the creation and growth of new ventures, yet scant attention has been paid to the heterogeneity of venture capitalists and their capacity to contribute to the dynamic growth of new ventures. This paper aims to contribute to the existing literature by exploring the notion that venture capitalists have beneficial effects on the growth of new ventures when they rely on a set of distinctive skills and processes that we associate with venture capital capabilities. We bridge the venture capital and resource-based view research streams to identify the foundational mechanisms of venture capital capabilities. We develop a set of proposit…
The industry effect and the decision to integrate vertically in a crisis context
2019
The objective of this work is twofold: firstly, to study if the characteristics of the industry affect certain financial and strategic decisions of manufacturing firms and, secondly, to determine i...
The Impact of Board Internationalization on Earnings Management
2016
Prior literature shows that choices regarding board composition are associated with earnings management. We add to this literature by examining the effects of the presence of a foreign board member on earnings management. Using a sample of 3,249 firm-year observations representing 586 non-financial listed Nordic firms during 2001-2008, we find that the presence of a non-Nordic, foreign director is associated with significantly higher levels of earnings management. Moreover, we provide preliminary evidence that differences in accounting knowledge drive this effect. Our results suggest that it may not necessarily be beneficial to appoint a foreign director to the board.
Struggle over joint audit: on behalf of public interest?
2012
International audience; European Commission (EC 2011) has recently suggested joint audit - broadly defined as an audit where two independent auditors are jointly liable for the audit report - as a way a way to increase audit quality after the financial crisis and to mitigate audit market concentration, by enlarging the audit offer. Big 4 audit firms have fought this proposal by arguing its unbearable cost while 2nd Tier audit firms have supported it by arguing its added quality. This conflicting position leads us to question their claim of public interest concern. As group-interest economic regulation theories predict that the absence of any effect of a new regulation (here: joint audit) is…
‘Tool port’ to ‘landlord port’: a game theory approach to analyse gains from governance model transformation
2018
This study investigates potential port users’ surplus and terminal operators’ profits due to transforming port governance from the ‘tool port’ model to the ‘landlord port’ model. Although the landl...
Measuring foreland container port connectivity disaggregated by destination markets: An index for Short Sea Shipping services in Spanish ports
2020
Abstract The present research aims to develop a Foreland Port Connectivity Index (FPCI) including both qualitative and quantitative variables related to the characteristics of the maritime services provided. To that end, the FPCI incorporates two discount factors—the number of shipping services and destination countries—as penalties to correct for the quality of a port connection. After defining the FPCI, the index is applied to Spanish ports to study their connectivity in terms of container Short Sea Shipping (SSS) services. Although the connectivity of SSS traffic has not been widely studied, it is an interesting case study as small ports play a more relevant role in facilitating access t…
Competition and cooperation for intermodal container transhipment: A network optimization approach
2018
Abstract This study presents an analysis of cross-border competition and cooperation between ports in Bangladesh and India. Nepal and Bhutan are countries without access to seaports — two landlocked countries in South Asia, depending solely on the Indian port of Kolkata for their international seaborne trade. Alternatives do exist in the Bangladeshi ports of Chittagong and Mongla but these are not exploited, in spite of trade agreements that allow access to a third country's port, and/or crossing the land of a third, intermediate, country. We formulate a mixed integer linear programming optimization model to find the optimum economic benefit of port users (serving Bhutan, Nepal and Northeas…
The impact of an urban toll ring on housing prices
2020
Abstract Building on standard urban economics theory we set up a stylized model within which we demonstrate that the imposition of a toll ring leads to higher housing prices within the ring, and lower outside the ring. We examine this prediction empirically by using transaction data for 15,306 dwellings in the Norwegian town of Kristiansand, where since 1992 there has been a toll ring. We find that the toll ring implies 6.9 per cent higher housing prices within the toll ring than outside it. The relationship between toll fees and housing prices seems to be stable over time. The impact of the toll ring on the prices of detached houses, apartments, row houses and twin houses is strikingly dif…
Modéliser le rôle des paysages dans les choix d'itinéraires pédestres
2008
Actuellement, la marche a pied suscite un regain d'interet comme mode de transport complementaire. Dans le cadre de cet article, nous partons de l'hypothese que l'adaptation de l'environnement urbain aux attentes des pietons, notamment d'un point de vue paysager, est une etape essentielle de la revalorisation de ce mode de deplacement. A cette fin, nous proposons une demarche permettant de decrire les comportements pedestres et d'identifier les preferences paysageres des pietons dans les villes de Besancon et de Lille. La methode d'analyse se fonde sur les modeles de choix discret, couramment utilises dans la modelisation des choix individuels. Celle-ci permet de mesurer, de maniere desagre…