Search results for " organizations."
showing 10 items of 655 documents
Multi-band SWIFT enables quiet and artefact-free EEG-fMRI and awake fMRI studies in rat
2020
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in animal models provide invaluable information regarding normal and abnormal brain function, especially when combined with complementary stimulation and recording techniques. The echo planar imaging (EPI) pulse sequence is the most common choice for fMRI investigations, but it has several shortcomings. EPI is one of the loudest sequences and very prone to movement and susceptibility-induced artefacts, making it suboptimal for awake imaging. Additionally, the fast gradient-switching of EPI induces disrupting currents in simultaneous electrophysiological recordings. Therefore, we investigated whether the unique features of Multi-Band SWeep…
Cancer costs and outcomes for common cancer sites in the Finnish population between 2009–2014
2018
The cost of cancer and outcomes of cancer care have been discussed a lot since cancer represents 3-6% of total healthcare costs and cost estimations have indicated growing costs. There are studies considering the cost of all cancers, but studies focusing on the cost of disease and outcomes in most common cancer sites are limited. The objective of this study was to analyze the development of the costs and outcomes in Finland between 2009 and 2014 per cancer site.The National cost, episode and outcomes data were obtained from the National register databases based on International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 diagnosis codes. Cost data included both the direct and indirect c…
Effect of active compression–decompression resuscitation (ACD-CPR) on survival: a combined analysis using individual patient data
1999
Active compression decompression resuscitation (ACD-CPR) has been developed as an alternative to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (S-CPR). To determine the effect of ACD-CPR on survival and neurologic outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, this combined analysis involved individual patient data from 2866 patients from seven separate randomized prospective prehospital studies who had received ACD-CPR or S-CPR after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in seven international sites. Significant improvement in 1-h survival (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83; confidence interval (CI): 0.695-0.99; P0.05) was found with ACD-CPR (n = 1410) versus S-CPR (n = 1456). The odds ratio for hospital…
The Phenomenology of Specialization of Criminal Suspects
2012
A criminal career can be either general, with the criminal committing different types of crimes, or specialized, with the criminal committing a specific type of crime. A central problem in the study of crime specialization is to determine, from the perspective of the criminal, which crimes should be considered similar and which crimes should be considered distinct. We study a large set of Swedish suspects to empirically investigate generalist and specialist behavior in crime. We show that there is a large group of suspects who can be described as generalists. At the same time, we observe a non-trivial pattern of specialization across age and gender of suspects. Women are less prone to commi…
Novel loci for childhood body mass index and shared heritability with adult cardiometabolic traits
2020
The genetic background of childhood body mass index (BMI), and the extent to which the well-known associations of childhood BMI with adult diseases are explained by shared genetic factors, are largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of BMI in 61,111 children aged between 2 and 10 years. Twenty-five independent loci reached genome-wide significance in the combined discovery and replication analyses. Two of these, located nearNEDD4LandSLC45A3, have not previously been reported in relation to either childhood or adult BMI. Positive genetic correlations of childhood BMI with birth weight and adult BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure and type 2 d…
Evaluation design of the Social Engagement Framework for Addressing the Chronic-disease-challenge (SEFAC): a mindfulness-based intervention to promot…
2019
Background The Social Engagement Framework for Addressing the Chronic-disease-challenge (SEFAC) project intends to empower citizens at risk of or with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) to self-manage their chronic conditions through the SEFAC intervention. The intervention combines the concepts of mindfulness, social engagement and information and communication technology support, in order to reduce the burden of citizens with chronic conditions and to increase the sustainability of the health system in four European countries. Methods A prospective cohort study with a 6-month pre-post design will be conducted in four European countries: Croatia, Italy, the Netherla…
European public perceptions of homelessness: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey
2019
peer-reviewed Background Addressing Citizen’s perspectives on homelessness is crucial for the design of effective and durable policy responses, and available research in Europe is not yet substantive. We aim to explore citizens’ opinions about homelessness and to explain the differences in attitudes within the general population of eight European countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden. Methods A nationally representative telephone survey of European citizens was conducted in 2017. Three domains were investigated: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about homelessness. Based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), a generalized linear mod…
Perceived effectiveness, restrictiveness and compliance with containment measures against the Covid-19 pandemic: an international comparative study i…
2021
National governments took action to delay the transmission of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by implementing different containment measures. We developed an online survey that included 44 different containment measures. We aimed to assess how effective citizens perceive these measures, which measures are perceived as violation of citizens’ personal freedoms, which opinions and demographic factors have an effect on compliance with the measures, and what governments can do to most effectively improve citizens’ compliance. The survey was disseminated in 11 countries: UK, Belgium, Netherlands, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, India, Latvia, Poland, Romania, and Sweden. We acquired 9543 unique r…
Prevalence, genetic diversity of and factors associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales carriage in residents of French nursing homes
2019
Summary Objective To determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBLE) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in nursing homes (NHs) in a French region. Risk factors associated with their carriage were also investigated. Methods A point-prevalence survey was proposed from November 2017 to June 2018 to NHs in the study region. Volunteer residents were screened for ESBLE and CPE carriage. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were genotyped using multi-locus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and phylogrouping (for E. coli alone). Collective and individual data were analyse…
Effects of an eccentric training personalized by a low rate of perceived exertion on the maximal capacities in chronic heart failure: a randomized co…
2016
International audience; BACKGROUND: The eccentric (ECC) training, in spite of its potential interest (slightest request of the cardiorespiratory system) compared with the concentric (CON) training, is not applied during the rehabilitation of the chronic heart failure (CHF). The main reasons are the difficulty personalizing the ECC exercises by avoiding the muscle complications and the lack of information concerning the specific effects on the maximal capacities in CHF patients.AIM: To compare — following a prior study on the feasibility and on the functional impacts — the effects on maximal capacities and tolerance in CHF of ECC training tailored by a low rate of perceived exertion (RPE) an…