Search results for " ovary"

Polycystic ovary and gonadoblastoma in Turner's syndrome.

2007

Turner's syndrome (TS) is characterized by typical facial features, short stature, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, streak gonads, infertility, hearth and kidney malformations. Typical karyotype is 45,X0; however, 6% of TS have mosaic patterns including Y chromosome or fragments of Y. This karyotype is a risk factor of developing a dysgerminoma in dysgenic gonads. Furthermore, rare cases of polycystic ovary are described in young-adult patients with TS. We describe the clinical case of a 12-year-old girl with TS treated with GH who showed a good response to treatment. She developed an ovary with histological polycystic pattern and a contralateral gonadoblastoma in the streak gonad. Laparosco…

Polycystic ovary syndrome

2016

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-20% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) - with excessive androgen production by the ovaries being a key feature of PCOS. Metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia is evident in the vast majority of affected individuals. PCOS increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes and other pregnancy-related complications, venous thromboembolism, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events and endometrial cancer. PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion, based primarily on the p…

The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report.

2009

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To review all available data and recommend a definition for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on published peer-reviewed data, whether already in use or not, to guide clinical diagnosis and future research. DESIGN: Literature review and expert consensus. SETTING: Professional society. PATIENTS: None. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A systematic review of the published peer-reviewed medical literature, by querying MEDLINE databases, to identify studies evaluating the epidemiology or phenotypic aspects of PCOS. RESULT(S): The Task Force drafted the initial report, following a consensus process via electronic communication, which was then reviewed and c…

HYPERINSULINISM AND POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS): ROLE OF INSULIN CLEARANCE.

2015

Comparison of clot lysis activity and biochemical properties of originator tenecteplase (Metalyse®) with those of an alleged biosimilar

2014

The bioengineered tissue plasminogen activator tenecteplase is an important treatment modality of acute myocardial infarction recommended by international guidelines. Following introduction of originator tenecteplase (brand names Metalyse(®) and TNKase(®)), a "biosimilar" tenecteplase became available for commercial use in India under the brand name Elaxim(®) in the absence of Indian biosimilar guidelines which came into force from September 15th, 2012. Based on a report of biochemical and fibrinolytical differences between Metalyse and Elaxim, we have systematically compared them in a range of routine quality testing assays. As compared to Metalyse, Elaxim exhibited less clot lysis activit…

Inositols in the ovaries: activities and potential therapeutic applications.

2022

Introduction: Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) play a key role in ovarian physiology, as they are second messengers of insulin and gonadotropins. Ex-vivo and in-vitro experiments demonstrate that both isomers are deeply involved in steroid biosynthesis, and that reduced MI-to-DCI ratios are associated with pathological imbalance of sex hormones. Areas covered: This expert opinion provides an overview of the physiological distribution of MI and DCI in the ovarian tissues, and a thorough insight of their involvement into ovarian steroidogenesis. Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia dramatically reduce the MI-to-DCI ratio in the ovaries, leading to gynecological dis…

The cAMP Pathway Sensitizes VR1 Expressed in Oocytes from <i>Xenopus laevis</i> and in CHO Cells

2003

The vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) is a heat-activated cation channel which also responds to capsaicin and other chemical stimuli. Protein kinase C has a stimulatory effect on VR1 activity, either alone or after activation with capsaicin. The influence of the cAMP-signaling pathway on the effects of capsaicin is controversial. To clarify this, the actions of capsaicin and the modulatory effects of forskolin, pCPT-cAMP, and isobutylmethylxanthine were studied in <i>Xenopus laevis</i> oocytes expressing rat VR1 and in CHO cells expressing human VR1. Capsaicin activated the VR1 channel and increased the intracellular calcium concentration. The effects of capsaicin were enhanced by fors…

Correlations in palmitoylation and multiple phosphorylation of rat bradykinin B2 receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

1999

Rat bradykinin B2 receptor from unstimulated Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the corresponding cDNA has been isolated, and subsequent mass spectrometric analysis of multiple phosphorylated species and of the palmitoylation attachment site is described. Bradykinin B2 receptor was isolated on oligo(dT)-cellulose using N-(epsilon-maleimidocaproyloxy)succinimide-Met-Lys-bradykinin coupled to a protected (dA)30-mer. This allowed a one-step isolation of the receptor on an oligo(dT)-cellulose column via variation solely of salt concentration. After enzymatic in-gel digestion, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and electrospray ion trap mass spectrometric analysis of the isola…

Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

2006

Abstract Objective: The Androgen Excess Society (AES) charged a task force to review all available data and recommend an evidence-based definition for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), whether already in use or not, to guide clinical diagnosis and future research. Participants: Participants included expert investigators in the field. Evidence: Based on a systematic review of the published peer-reviewed medical literature, by querying MEDLINE databases, we tried to identify studies evaluating the epidemiology or phenotypic aspects of PCOS. Consensus Process: The task force drafted the initial report, following a consensus process via electronic communication, which was then reviewed and crit…

Diverse cell surface protein ectodomains are shed by a system sensitive to metalloprotease inhibitors.

1996

The extracellular domains of a diverse group of membrane proteins are shed in response to protein kinase C activators such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The lack of sequence similarity in the cleavage sites suggests the involvement of many proteases of diverse specificity in this process. However, a mutant Chinese hamster ovary cell line recently isolated for being defective in PMA-activated shedding of the membrane-anchored growth factor transforming growth factor alpha precursor (proTGF-alpha) is concomitantly defective in the shedding of many other unrelated membrane proteins. Here we show that independent mutagenesis and selection experiments yield shedding mutants having th…