Search results for " pancreatic"

Butyrate, a postbiotic of intestinal bacteria, affects pancreatic cancer and gemcitabine response in in vitro and in vivo models

2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer. The characteristic excessive stromatogenesis accompanying the growth of this tumor is believed to contribute to chemoresistance which, together with drug toxicity, results in poor clinical outcome. An increasing number of studies are showing that gut microbiota and their metabolites are implicated in cancer pathogenesis, progression and response to therapies. In this study we tested butyrate, a product of dietary fibers' bacterial fermentation, whose anticancer and anti-inflammatory functions are known. We provided in vitro evidence that, beside slowing proliferation, butyrate enhanced gemcitabine effectiveness against two hum…

1,2,4-Amino-triazine derivatives as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitors: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation

2023

: Among the different hallmarks of cancer, deregulation of cellular metabolism turned out to be an essential mechanism in promoting cancer resistance and progression. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are well known as key regulators in cells metabolic process and their activity was found to be overexpressed in different metabolic alerted types of cancer, including the high aggressive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To date few PDK inhibitors have been reported, and the different molecules developed are characterized by structural chemical diversity. In an attempt to find novel classes of potential PDK inhibitors, the molecular hybridization approach, which combine two or m…

Identification of disulphide bonds in the refolding of bovine pancreatic RNase A

1996

Background: Comprehension of the rules that govern the folding process is still far from satisfactory, though it is nevertheless clear that all the information required to define the folding is encoded in the amino acid sequence. In proteins that contain disulphide bonds, folding is associated with disulphide bond formation. Protein species with different numbers of disulphides tend to accumulate during the process; these species can be trapped in a stable form, by quenching any remaining free SH groups, and then characterized in order to identify the disulphide bonds formed. Results The refolding pathway of reduced and denatured RNase A has been studied using mass spectrometric strategies …

Effect of age and asthma duration upon elastase and alpha1-antitrypsin levels in adult asthmatics

2003

In asthmatic subjects an imbalance between elastase and alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-PI) exists. This study aims to evaluate whether ageing per se affects the levels of elastase. Both young and elderly asthmatics with comparable severity and duration of disease, as well as young and elderly healthy subjects, underwent an induced sputum procedure to measure levels of elastase and alpha1-PI. The percentage of sputum neutrophils and eosinophils was higher in young and elderly asthmatics than in young and elderly controls. The levels of both total and active elastase were significantly higher in young and elderly asthmatics than in young and elderly controls, and directly correlated with the perc…

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in Italy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2014

BACKGROUND: The use of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) increased in the past twenty years but the real diffusion of this technique is still unknown as well as the type of centers (high or low volume) in which this procedure is more frequently performed. DATA SOURCE: A systematic review was performed to evaluate the frequency of LDP in Italy and to compare indications and results in high volume centers (HVCs) and in low volume centers (LVCs). RESULTS: From 95 potentially relevant citations identified, only 5 studies were included. A total of 125 subjects were analyzed, of whom 95 (76.0%) were from HVCs and 30 (24.0%) from LVCs. The mean number of LDPs performed per year was 6.5. The…

NEONAX trial: Neoadjuvant plus adjuvant or only adjuvant nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine for resectable pancreatic cancer, a phase II study of the AI…

2019

4128 Background: Survival in pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is still poor even after curatively intended resection. Perioperative treatment approaches improve outcome in various tumor entities. Data on perioperative treatment in resectable PDAC are limited and there is a debate whether neoadjuvant treatment might impair subsequent surgery by adding perioperative morbidity or mortality. Methods: NEONAX is a randomized phase II study (planned 166 patients) of perioperative gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Arm A: 2 pre- and 4 post-operative cycles, Arm B: 6 cycles adjuvant) for patients with primarily resectable PDAC. Primary objective is DFS at 18 months after randomization. Secondary objectives are 3-…

Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Technical Considerations

2017

Robotic surgery can help to overcome some technical limitations of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy thanks to EndoWrist instrumentations and the 3D view. Despite the potential benefits, its employment is still low and controversial. We focused on some important technical details crucial for a safe robotic pancreatectomy. After performing 52 robotic pancreatic resections that included 10 pancreatoduodenectomies, the authors describe their technique. The review of literature on robotic and laparoscopic duodenopancreatectomy is also performed in order to evaluate possible benefits of the robotic platform. We describe the step-by-step surgical procedure, analyzing all possible troubleshooti…

STANDARD PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY VERSUS PYLORUS-PRESERVING PANCREATICO-DUODENECTOMY

2008

Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) gene polymorphism of CYP2E1 in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma

2010

Context: The genetic polymorphism is considered a major source of variability, influencing the levels of gene expression. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is a mixed-function oxidase involved in the metabolism of the many endogenous and exogenous substances (ethanol, chemical carcinogens) in the hepatic and pancreatic tissue. CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms can cause various abilities of metabolize xenobiotic substances within a population with consequent increased susceptibility to various diseases,including cancer. One of the polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene is a VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeat) of some sequences in its "5 '- flanking region. Method : VNTR genotype CYP2E1 was determined by RFLP…

Ciprofloxacin Polymers Derived from Diallyltin and Divinyltin Dihalides

2008

The initial synthesis of condensation polymers from newly available divinyltin dichloride and diallyltin dichloride and ciprofloxacin is accomplished employing a modified interfacial polycondensation process. The polymeric (DP are about 2,000) products are rapidly (less than 15 seconds) formed in good yield. Infrared spectroscopy shows the formation of Sn-O and Sn-N bonds as predicted from the proposed structure. F-MALDI MS also shows ion fragments containing organotin in the predicted isotopic abundances as well as ion fragments containing both organotin and ciprofloxacin. The polymers exhibit low toxicity towards healthy WI-38 cells with variable toxicities towards a variety of cancer cel…