Search results for " pattern"

showing 10 items of 2245 documents

Towards modern understanding of the Achilles tendon properties in human movement research

2023

The Achilles tendon (AT) is the strongest tendon in humans, yet it often suffers from injury. The mechanical properties of the AT afford efficient movement, power amplification and power attenuation during locomotor tasks. The properties and the unique structure of the AT as a common tendon for three muscles have been studied frequently in humans using in vivo methods since 1990's. As a part of the celebration of 50 years history of the International Society of Biomechanics, this paper reviews the history of the AT research focusing on its mechanical properties in humans. The questions addressed are: What are the most important mechanical properties of the Achilles tendon, how are they stud…

TechnologySPECKLE-TRACKINGBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsISOMETRIC PLANTARFLEXIONDIFFERENTIAL STRAIN PATTERNSLOAD-DISPLACEMENT PROPERTIESjänteetELASTIC PROPERTIESstressstiffnessEngineeringYoung 's modulusstrainjäykkyysOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTRICEPS SURAE APONEUROSISin vivo -menetelmäEngineering BiomedicalIN-VIVOrasitusfyysiset ominaisuudetScience & TechnologyQUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENTRehabilitationyoung’s modulusHUMAN GASTROCNEMIUS-MUSCLEMECHANICAL-PROPERTIEShysteresiskantajännebiomekaniikkaLife Sciences & Biomedicine
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Segmentation d'images robuste appliqué à l'imagerie par résonance magnétique et l'échographie de la prostate

2012

Prostate segmentation in trans rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonanceimages (MRI) facilitates volume estimation, multi-modal image registration, surgicalplaning and image guided prostate biopsies. The objective of this thesis is to developshape and region prior deformable models for accurate, robust and computationallyefficient prostate segmentation in TRUS and MRI images. Primary contributionof this thesis is in adopting a probabilistic learning approach to achieve soft classificationof the prostate for automatic initialization and evolution of a shape andregion prior deformable models for prostate segmentation in TRUS images. Twodeformable models are developed for the purpose. An…

Tesis i dissertacions acadèmiques616.6[INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH]Physics::Medical PhysicsProstate segmentation68Segmentación de la próstataNo english key word[ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologySegmentació de la próstata616.6 - Patologia del sistema genitourinariImagen de ultrasonidoPas de mots-clés en français[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyProstate cancerImatge d'ultrasóComputer Science::Other[INFO.INFO-OH] Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH]68 - Indústries oficis i comerç d'articles acabats. Tecnologia cibernètica i automàticaCancer de próstataImatges mèdiquesComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionImágenes médicasImatge de ressonància magnèticaMRI imagingUS imaging[ INFO.INFO-OH ] Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH]Imagen de resonancia magnéticaMedical imaging[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
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Development of an Automatic Pollen Classification System Using Shape, Texture and Aperture Features

2015

International audience; Automatic detection and classification of pollen species has value for use inside of palynologic allergen studies. Traditional labeling of different pollen species requires an expert biologist to classify particles by sight, and is therefore time-consuming and expensive. Here, an automatic process is developed which segments the particle contour and uses the extracted features for the classification process. We consider shape features, texture features and aperture features and analyze which are useful. The texture features analyzed include: Gabor Filters, Fast Fourier Transform, Local Binary Patterns, Histogram of Oriented Gradients, and Haralick features. We have s…

Texture classification[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Image processingMachine learningComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPollen[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]
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Integrazione di celle fotovoltaiche ibride nel vetromattone

2012

L’invenzione riguarda l’integrazione del vetromattone con celle solari ibride (organiche/inorganiche), conosciute come Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC). La combinazione del vetromattone con le DSC consente di migliorare le prestazioni del prodotto originario rendendolo in grado di produrre energia pulita. Le caratteristiche di trasparenza e isolamento termo-acustico del prodotto possono essere regolate agendo sulla configurazione delle DSC. Il prodotto può essere assemblato a formare pannelli fotovoltaici per la realizzazione di facciate traslucide energeticamente “attive” in varie condizioni luminose (condizioni di luce diffusa o artificiale) e indipendentemente dall’angolo di radiazione so…

The integration of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC) with the glassblock is disclosed. The combination of the two technological elements the glassblock and the DSC module enhance their own peculiarities. The final complete product is ready-made for installation owns the qualities of the glassblock and produces sustainable energy at the same time. The transparency and the thermo-acoustic insulation may be modulated according to the specific requirements of each case of installation. The product may be used for example to create PV panels for glazed and translucent façades that are able to perform efficiently in all light conditions (even in diffuse light also converting internal artificial light) that are not dependant on the angle of the solar radiation and do not suffer from the high operative temperatures of functioning due to the peculiarities of the DSCs. DSCs are made of economic and biocompatible materials and are produced with low-cost and highly productive printing methods on rigid or flexible substrates. With the integration of DSC modules with the glassblock PV panels coincide with the envelope itself so that they do not need any further structures to be installed on and allow the possibility of subtract from the price of the panel the price of the substituted building element allowing further economies. DSCs can be printed in different colours and with various patterns offering to designers and customers the possibility of intervening on the glassblock aesthetical aspect also taking advantage of the peculiar modularity of the glassblock for larger compositions of drawings on the building’s façade. Seven Hypotheses of integration are discussed in order to obtain DSC-integrated glassblock ready for the construction of a precast and dry-assembled PV panel which can use the horizontal and vertical cavities between the glassblocks to house plastic profiles where the electric interconnections and the steel bars -useful for improve the mechanical resistance of the panel- are integrated.Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura Tecnica
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Canopy Architecture Appraisal by Fractal Dimension of 'Flordastar' Peach Trees Grafted onto Different Rootstocks

2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour, by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara, Barrier, GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless, dormant peach tree…

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara Barrier GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless dormant peach trees the tree skeleton was manually depicted by an image analysis software to measure total length and angles of insertion of branches. Bitmaps of the skeleton were then subjected to a specific software (FDCALC) able to calculate D by the "box counting" method. To account for the error introduced by analyzing a three dimensional structure with its 2D projection measurements were done on two images per tree taken from two different viewing angles. Results are shown in relation to tree vigour of the scion/stock combination. Fractal dimension was related to the vigour ranking of the graft combinations tested. In particular vigorous scion/stock combinations showed the highest D.HorticultureCanopy architectureHorticultureRootstockFractal dimensionMathematics
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Kolmogorov superposition theorem for image compression

2012

International audience; The authors present a novel approach for image compression based on an unconventional representation of images. The proposed approach is different from most of the existing techniques in the literature because the compression is not directly performed on the image pixels, but is rather applied to an equivalent monovariate representation of the wavelet-transformed image. More precisely, the authors have considered an adaptation of Kolmogorov superposition theorem proposed by Igelnik and known as the Kolmogorov spline network (KSN), in which the image is approximated by sums and compositions of specific monovariate functions. Using this representation, the authors trad…

Theoretical computer scienceImage compressionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologySuperposition theoremE.4. CODING AND INFORMATION THEORY01 natural sciencesWavelet[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0101 mathematicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMathematicsPixel010102 general mathematicsWavelet transformcomputer.file_formatSpline (mathematics)[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]Signal ProcessingJPEG 2000Kolmogorov superposition theorem020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionAlgorithmcomputerSoftwareData compressionImage compression
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Diagrammatic approach to cellular automata and the emergence of form with inner structure

2018

We present a diagrammatic method to build up sophisticated cellular automata (CAs) as models of complex physical systems. The diagrams complement the mathematical approach to CA modeling, whose details are also presented here, and allow CAs in rule space to be classified according to their hierarchy of layers. Since the method is valid for any discrete operator and only depends on the alphabet size, the resulting conclusions, of general validity, apply to CAs in any dimension or order in time, arbitrary neighborhood ranges and topology. We provide several examples of the method, illustrating how it can be applied to the mathematical modeling of the emergence of order out of disorder. Specif…

Theoretical computer scienceStructure (category theory)Physical systemFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasOperator (computer programming)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsTopology (chemistry)Mathematical PhysicsMathematicsComplement (set theory)Numerical AnalysisHierarchy (mathematics)Applied MathematicsCellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)Mathematical Physics (math-ph)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsCellular automatonNonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsDiagrammatic reasoningModeling and SimulationAlgorithmAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)Nonlinear Sciences - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
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On the use of neighbourhood-based non-parametric classifiers

1997

Alternative non-parametric classification schemes, which come from the use of different definitions of neighbourhood, are introduced. In particular, the Nearest Centroid Neighbourhood along with the neighbourhood relation derived from the Gabriel Graph and the Relative Neighbourhood Graph are used to define the corresponding (k-)Nearest Neighbour-like classifiers. Experimental results are reported to compare the performance of the approaches proposed here to the one obtained with the k-Nearest Neighbours rule.

Theoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryGabriel graphNonparametric statisticsCentroidPattern recognitionClassification schemeNeighbourhood graphComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONNeighbourhood components analysisArtificial IntelligenceSignal ProcessingNeighbourhood systemComputingMethodologies_GENERALComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessNeighbourhood (mathematics)SoftwareMathematics
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Nonstationary flow surface theory for modeling the viscoplastic behaviors of soils

2016

Abstract This paper presents a three-dimensional elastic viscoplastic model that can describe the time-dependent behaviors of soft clays. The constitutive model is formulated based on the nonstationary flow surface theory and incorporates new developments, including (i) an improved definition of the nonstationary flow surface that is capable of capturing the stress–strain behaviors under different loading paths, (ii) a unique stress–strain—viscoplastic-strain-rate equation that is able to explicitly describe the nonstationary flow surface, and (iii) a final stable state concept that identifies the final equilibrium state at the end of creep and stress relaxation, which is also used to simpl…

Thermodynamic equilibriumConstitutive equation0211 other engineering and technologiesconstitutive modeltime softening02 engineering and technology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesrate dependentPhysics::GeophysicsConsistency (statistics)nonstationary flow surface theoryStress relaxation021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMathematicsViscoplasticitybusiness.industryComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionStructural engineeringMechanicsViscoplasticityGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyOedometer testComputer Science ApplicationsFlow (mathematics)Creepfinal stable state conceptbusiness
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The Influence of Thiol Reagents on the Isoenzyme Pattern of Plant L+Lactate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27)

1978

Summary Lactate dehydrogenase from potato tubers was incubated together with various thiol reagents and the effect on the electrophoretic behavior of its isoenzymes studied. while disulfides, alkylating agents, and H202 did not alter the number and electrophoretic behavior of the isoenzymes of L + LDH, reduced glutathione and 2-mercaptoethanol led to an increase in the number of isoenzymes. The reaction was dependent on concentration and pH. On the other hand, cysteine and cysteamine had no such effect. Results are discussed in view of the possible secondary nature of the plant LDH isoenzymes.

Thiol Reagentsfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineGlutathioneIsozymeMolecular biologyIsoenzyme patternElectrophoresischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryLactate dehydrogenaseCysteamineCysteineZeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie
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