Search results for " pig"

New record in the Mediterranean Sea of unusual skin colouration in the black-bellied anglerfishLophius budegassaSpinola, 1807

2010

Scienza e Arti Perdute: i Segreti degli Antichi Maestri Liutai

2011

Lo scopo di questo lavoro è illustrare agli insegnanti la connessione tra due settori di attività apparentemente lontani: la scelta dei materiali utilizzati nella liuteria artigianale e la chimica. Il ruolo, la composizione e la classificazione delle principali vernici per liuteria sono qui descritte assieme ad una breve sintesi dello stato dell’arte. Nel lavoro, vengono presentati i principali concetti di una tecnica analitica non distruttiva abbastanza semplice (la spettroscopia di fluorescenza da raggi X) ma, probabilmente, non abbastanza nota ai non addetti ai lavori. Un caso di studio a essa correlato è inoltre presentato per evidenziare uno dei possibili contributi del chimico nello s…

Effects of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist midazolam and antagonist flumazenil on 5-hydroxytryptamine release from guinea-pig intestine in vitro

1990

Isolated segments of the guinea-pig small intestine and the guinea-pig stomach were vascularly perfused and the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid into the portal venous effluent determined by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Test substances were applied intraarterially. The benzodiazepine receptor agonist, midazolam, concentration-dependently increased (by 58%, at 1 nmol/l) and decreased (by 32%, at 100 nmol/l) the release of 5-HT from small intestine preparations. Both effects were blocked by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist flumazenil (10 nmol/l) The stimulatory effect of midazolam was also abolished in the presen…

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (R,R)(S,S) 5-(2-(2-[4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1-methylethylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl)-benzene-1,3-diol ([18F…

2003

The 18 F-labeled b2-adrenergic receptor ligand (R,R)(S,S) 5-(2-(2-(4-(2-( 18 F)fluoroethoxy)phenyl)-1-methylethylamino)-1- hydroxyethyl)-benzene-1,3-diol, a derivative of the original highly selective racemic fenoterol, was synthesized in an overall radio- chemical yield of 20% after 65 min with a radiochemical purity higher than 98%. The specific activity was in the range of 50-60 GBq/mmol. In vitro testing of the non-radioactive fluorinated fenoterol derivative with isolated guinea pig trachea was conducted to obtain an IC50 value of 60 nM. Preliminary ex vivo organ distribution and in vivo experiments with positron emission tomography (PET) on guinea pigs were performed to study the biod…

Life History Trade-Offs and Relaxed Selection Can Decrease Bacterial Virulence in Environmental Reservoirs

2012

Pathogen virulence is usually thought to evolve in reciprocal selection with the host. While this might be true for obligate pathogens, the life histories of opportunistic pathogens typically alternate between within-host and outside-host environments during the infection-transmission cycle. As a result, opportunistic pathogens are likely to experience conflicting selection pressures across different environments, and this could affect their virulence through life-history trait correlations. We studied these correlations experimentally by exposing an opportunistic bacterial pathogen Serratia marcescens to its natural protist predator Tetrahymena thermophila for 13 weeks, after which we meas…

Sinusoidal endothelial cells from guinea pig liver synthesize and secrete cellular fibronectin in vitro.

1987

Endothelial liver cells were obtained from guinea pig by enzymatic digestion and centrifugal elutriation. Cells were cultured on gelatin and fibronectin pretreated culture vessels. Endothelial cells were characterized by phase-contrast microscopy, electron microscopy and the presence of Factor VIII-related antigen. Fibronectin secretion was determined in cell-free supernatants by a sensitive and specific ELISA and localized on fixed cultured cells by immunofluorescence. [35S]Methionine endogeneously labeled fibronectin was immunoprecipitated from supernatants and cellular lysates and displayed on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. After attachment to the culture…

Biosynthesis of the subcomponents Clq, Clr and Cls of the first component of complement (Cl) by guinea pig hepatocyte primary cultures

1986

Thus far, the synthesis of C1q by liver cells has not been demonstrated. To investigate this possibility, viable hepatocytes were isolated from the liver of guinea pigs and primary cultures were established. The cells (10(6) cells/ml) were cultured under serum-free conditions for 8 days and the culture medium was changed every 24 h. The few contaminating Kupffer cells were lysed by preincubating the cell cultures with a monoclonal (22C4-8) antibody directed against a nonpolymorphic Ia determinant and preabsorbed rabbit serum. The hemolytic activity of C1 and its subcomponents C1q and C1r/C1s was tested in the supernatants. Guinea pig hepatocyte primary cultures synthesize and secrete up to …

Correction for Frantz et al., Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe

2020

Significance Archaeological evidence indicates that domestic pigs arrived in Europe, alongside farmers from the Near East ∼8,500 y ago, yet mitochondrial genomes of modern European pigs are derived from European wild boars. To address this conundrum, we obtained mitochondrial and nuclear data from modern and ancient Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses indicate that, aside from a coat color gene, most Near Eastern ancestry in the genomes of European domestic pigs disappeared over 3,000 y as a result of interbreeding with local wild boars. This implies that pigs were not domesticated independently in Europe, yet the first 2,500 y of human-mediated selection applied by Near Eastern Ne…

Immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase isoforms in the organ of Corti and the spiral ganglion cells of guinea pig cochlea.

2003

Prostaglandins have been used in experimental models and clinical studies for the therapy of sudden hearing loss and tinnitus with conflicting results. However, little is known about the rate-limiting enzymes of prostaglandin synthesis in the inner ear, the generally constitutively expressed cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and the distress-inducible cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2). To extend our knowledge concerning the physiological expression and localization of these two enzymes, immunohistochemical stainings of the guinea pig cochlea were performed. Light microscopical analysis revealed a homogenous distribution of COX-1 within nearly all cell types of the organ of Corti, but no COX-1 expression in th…

Evidence for a possible NOS back-up system in the organ of Corti of the guinea pig

2003

Recently, the two Ca(2+)/calmodulin-regulated nitric oxide synthase isoforms, nNOS and eNOS, and NO itself have been identified in the cochlea of vertebrates using specific antibodies and a new fluorescence indicator. In order to acquire more information about the quantitative and spatial distribution of these two constitutively expressed NOS isoforms (cNOS) in the organ of Corti at the cellular and subcelluar levels, ultrathin sections of London resin (LR) White-embedded cochleae of the guinea pig were incubated with various concentrations of commercially available antibodies to nNOS and eNOS. The immunoreactivity was visualized by a gold-labeled secondary antibody and the amount of the im…