Search results for " plasmas"

showing 10 items of 1453 documents

Plasma-wall interaction studies within the EUROfusion consortium: Progress on plasma-facing components development and qualification

2017

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

plasma-facing components ; plasma-surface interaction ; power exhaust ; particle exhaust ; tungsten ; berylliumNuclear and High Energy PhysicstungstenNuclear engineeringPlasma surface interactionparticle exhaustplasma-facing components01 natural sciences114 Physical sciences010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]ddc:530beryllium; particle exhaust; plasma-facing components; plasma-surface interaction; power exhaust; tungsten; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; Condensed Matter Physics010306 general physicsplasma-surface interaction;particle exhaust;tungsten;beryllium;power exhaust;plasma-facing componentspower exhaustPhysicsPlasma16. Peace & justiceberylliumCondensed Matter PhysicsInteraction studiesEnvironmental science[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]plasma-surface interaction
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VUV emission spectroscopy combined with H- density measurements in the ion source Prometheus I

2016

“Prometheus I” is a volume H− negative ion source, driven by a network of dipolar electron cyclotron resonance (ECR; 2.45 GHz) modules. The vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) emission spectrum of low-temperature hydrogen plasmas may be related to molecular and atomic processes involved directly or indirectly in the production of negative ions. In this work, VUV spectroscopy has been performed in the above source, Prometheus I, both in the ECR zones and the bulk (far from ECR zones and surfaces) plasma. The acquired VUV spectra are correlated with the negative ion densities, as measured by means of laser photodetachment, and the possible mechanisms of negative ion production are considered. The well-e…

plasmatekniikka01 natural sciences7. Clean energySpectral lineElectron cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmasIonPhysics::Plasma Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph]0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersultraviolettisäteilyEmission spectrumvacuum-ultraviolet emissionSpectroscopy010302 applied physicsplasma sourcesta114ChemistrysyklotronitPlasmaIon sourceECR ion sourcesExcited stateAtomic physicsemissio (fysiikka)
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PROPAGATING INTERFACES IN A TWO-LAYER BISTABLE NEURAL NETWORK

2006

The dynamics of propagating interfaces in a bistable neural network is investigated. We consider the network composed of two coupled 1D lattices and assume that they interact in a local spatial point (pin contact). The network unit is modeled by the FitzHugh–Nagumo-like system in a bistable oscillator mode. The interfaces describe the transition of the network units from the rest (unexcited) state to the excited state where each unit exhibits periodic sequences of excitation pulses or action potentials. We show how the localized inter-layer interaction provides an "excitatory" or "inhibitory" action to the oscillatory activity. In particular, we describe the interface propagation failure a…

propagation failureBistabilityComputer science[ PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]Interface (computing)Topology01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Control theory0103 physical sciences[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS][PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]0101 mathematicsEngineering (miscellaneous)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSRest (physics)Artificial neural networkApplied Mathematicsneural networksAction (physics)[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemNonlinear dynamicsModeling and SimulationExcited stateExcitationInternational Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
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Pinning of a kink in a nonlinear diffusive medium with a geometrical bifurcation: Theory and experiments

2004

International audience; We study the dynamics of a kink propagating in a Nagumo chain presenting a geometrical bifurcation. In the case of weak couplings, we define analytically and numerically the coupling conditions leading to the pinning of the kink at the bifurcation site. Moreover, real experiments using a nonlinear electrical lattice confirm the theoretical and numerical predictions.

propagation failure[ PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]Saddle-node bifurcationBifurcation diagram01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasBifurcation theory[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]NagumoLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS][PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsBifurcationMathematicsCouplingApplied MathematicsNonlinear latticeneural networks[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationNonlinear dynamics
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Quantum Correlation Dynamics in Controlled Two-Coupled-Qubit Systems

2020

We study and compare the time evolutions of concurrence and quantum discord in a driven system of two interacting qubits prepared in a generic Werner state. The corresponding quantum dynamics is exactly treated and manifests the appearance and disappearance of entanglement. Our analytical treatment transparently unveils the physical reasons for the occurrence of such a phenomenon, relating it to the dynamical invariance of the X structure of the initial state. The quantum correlations which asymptotically emerge in the system are investigated in detail in terms of the time evolution of the fidelity of the initial Werner state.

quantum discordQuantum correlationQuantum dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:AstrophysicsQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum mechanicslcsh:QB460-4660103 physical sciencesWerner statelcsh:Science010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum discordQuantum PhysicsWerner stateTime evolutionConcurrenceQuantum Physicslcsh:QC1-999Qubitlcsh:Qsudden death of entanglementQuantum Physics (quant-ph)lcsh:Physics
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Enhancing Metastability by Dissipation and Driving in an Asymmetric Bistable Quantum System.

2018

The stabilizing effect of quantum fluctuations on the escape process and the relaxation dynamics from a quantum metastable state are investigated. Specifically, the quantum dynamics of a multilevel bistable system coupled to a bosonic Ohmic thermal bath in strong dissipation regime is analyzed. The study is performed by a non-perturbative method based on the real-time path integral approach of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional. We consider a strongly asymmetric double well potential with and without a monochromatic external driving, and with an out-of-equilibrium initial condition. In the absence of driving we observe a nonmonotonic behavior of the escape time from the metastable regi…

quantum statistical methodsQuantum dynamicsquantum Zeno dynamicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyDouble-well potentiallcsh:AstrophysicsReview01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics and Astronomy (all)functional analytical methodstunnelingMetastability0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466Quantum system010306 general physicslcsh:ScienceQuantum statistical methodQuantum fluctuationQuantum tunnellingPhysicsCondensed matter physicsQuantum noiseFunctional analytical methodQuantum Zeno dynamiclcsh:QC1-999noise enhanced stabilitymetastable potentialdiscrete variable representationOpen systemopen systemsRelaxation (physics)lcsh:Qresonant activationCaldeira-Leggett modellcsh:Physicsquantum systems with finite Hilbert spaceEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)
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Positron production using a 9 MeV electron linac for the GBAR experiment

2020

For the GBAR (Gravitational Behaviour of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN's Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility we have constructed a source of slow positrons, which uses a low-energy electron linear accelerator (linac). The driver linac produces electrons of 9 MeV kinetic energy that create positrons from bremsstrahlung-induced pair production. Staying below 10 MeV ensures no persistent radioactive activation in the target zone and that the radiation level outside the biological shield is safe for public access. An annealed tungsten-mesh assembly placed directly behind the target acts as a positron moderator. The system produces $5\times10^7$ slow positrons per second, a performan…

safetyAntimatterNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCERN LabPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorstungstenPositronAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesElectron01 natural sciences7. Clean energyLinear particle acceleratorpositron: particle source010305 fluids & plasmaselectron: pair productionNuclear physicselectron: linear acceleratorPositronPositron; Linear accelerator; Antimatter; Antihydrogen; Gravitation0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Detectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsAntihydrogenphysics.ins-detInstrumentationenergy: lowantihydrogenPhysicsLarge Hadron Collidergravitation 2Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)linear acceleratorAntiproton DeceleratorPair productionradioactivityAntimattergravitation: accelerationPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentperformancepositron: yieldGravitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Improving the Downwind Sail Design Process by Means of a Novel FSI Approach

2021

The process of designing a sail can be a challenging task because of the difficulties in predicting the real aerodynamic performance. This is especially true in the case of downwind sails, where the evaluation of the real shapes and aerodynamic forces can be very complex because of turbulent and detached flows and the high-deformable behavior of structures. Of course, numerical methods are very useful and reliable tools to investigate sail performances, and their use, also as a result of the exponential growth of computational resources at a very low cost, is spreading more and more, even in not highly competitive fields. This paper presents a new methodology to support sail designers in ev…

sail loadsComputer sciencefinite element methodNaval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineeringVM1-989020101 civil engineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technologycomputational fluid dynamicsGC1-1581Computational fluid dynamicsOceanography01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas0201 civil engineeringcomputational fluid dynamic0103 physical sciencesFSISettore ING-IND/15 - Disegno E Metodi Dell'Ingegneria IndustrialeWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringParametric statisticsbusiness.industryNumerical analysisProcess (computing)Aerodynamicssail designFinite element methodgennakerAerodynamic forceDesign processbusinessMarine engineeringJournal of Marine Science and Engineering
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High precision numerical approach for Davey–Stewartson II type equations for Schwartz class initial data

2020

We present an efficient high-precision numerical approach for Davey–Stewartson (DS) II type equa- tions, treating initial data from the Schwartz class of smooth, rapidly decreasing functions. As with previous approaches, the presented code uses discrete Fourier transforms for the spatial dependence and Driscoll’s composite Runge–Kutta method for the time dependence. Since DS equations are non-local, nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a singular symbol for the non-locality, standard Fourier methods in practice only reach accuracy of the order of 10−6or less for typical examples. This was previously demonstrated for the defocusing integrable case by comparison with a numerical approach for …

semiclassical limitClass (set theory)General MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomywaveType (model theory)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasDavey-Stewartson equationsevolution0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]0101 mathematicsMathematicsInverse scattering transform010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringD-bar problemsFourier spectral methodsimulationkadomtsev-petviashviliinverse scattering transformpacketssystemsSolitonsolitonblow-upProceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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Network-based indices of individual and collective advising impacts in mathematics

2020

AbstractAdvising and mentoring Ph.D. students is an increasingly important aspect of the academic profession. We define and interpret a family of metrics (collectively referred to as “a-indices”) that can potentially be applied to “ranking academic advisors” using the academic genealogical records of scientists, with the emphasis on taking into account not only the number of students advised by an individual, but also subsequent academic advising records of those students. We also define and calculate the extensions of the proposed indices that account for student co-advising (referred to as “adjusted a-indices”). In addition, we extend some of the proposed metrics to ranking universities a…

social networksKnowledge managementAcademic advisingTrack (rail transport)01 natural sciencesSocial networkslcsh:QA75.5-76.95010305 fluids & plasmas03 medical and health sciencesBig datasosiaaliset verkostotbig data0103 physical sciencesComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONAcademic professionMathematics Genealogy Project030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesindeksitSocial networklcsh:T58.5-58.64business.industrylcsh:Information technologyScientific advising impactscientific advising impactComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionRankingModeling and Simulationa-Indicesmathematics genealogy projectlcsh:Electronic computers. Computer sciencebusinessInformation SystemsComputational Social Networks
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