Search results for " polar"

showing 10 items of 1091 documents

Characterization of the defect density states in MoOx for c-Si solar cell applications

2021

Thin layers of MoOx have been deposited by thermal evaporation followed by post-deposition annealing. The density of states distributions of the MoOx films were extracted deconvoluting the absorption spectra, measured by a photothermal deflection spectroscopy setup, including the small polaron contribution. Results revealed a sub-band defect distribution centered 1.1 eV below the conduction band; the amplitude of this distribution was found to increase with post-deposition annealing temperature and film thickness.

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyc-Si solar cell photovoltaic transition metal oxide molybdenum oxide density of states small polaronAnnealing (metallurgy)02 engineering and technologyPolaron01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicalaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesSolar cellMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSpectroscopy010302 applied physicsThin layersDensity of statesPhotothermal therapy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsc-Si solar cellMolybdenum oxideElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSmall polaronTransition metal oxideDensity of states0210 nano-technologyPhotovoltaicDensity of state
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Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of ultrathinFe∕Mo(110)films usingW∕Au∕Cotips

2006

We report on magnetic contrast observed in low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) of Fe nanowires deposited on Mo(110) using tungsten tips covered by $\mathrm{Au}∕\mathrm{Co}$ thin films. Due to the spin reorientation transition of Co films on Au an out-of-plane magnetic sensitivity is obtained for tips with thin cobalt films (up to 8 monolayers of Co), while for thicker Co coverages an in-plane magnetization component can be probed. Using $\mathrm{W}∕\mathrm{Au}∕\mathrm{Co}$ tips with out-of-plane magnetic sensitivity we show that the one (ML) and two (DL) atomic layers thick Fe nanowires prepared using step flow growth on a Mo(110) crystal are perpendicularl…

Materials scienceAnalytical chemistrySpin polarized scanning tunneling microscopyConductive atomic force microscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOrientation (vector space)CrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationMagnetic anisotropylawScanning tunneling microscopeThin filmPhysical Review B
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Sub-gap defect density characterization of molybdenum oxide: An annealing study for solar cell applications

2020

AbstractThe application of molybdenum oxide in the photovoltaic field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells in the role of hole selective contact. For modeling-based optimization of such contact, knowledge of the molybdenum oxide defect density of states (DOS) is crucial. In this paper, we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures, including the contribution given by small polaron optical transitions. The presence of defects related to oxygen-vacancy and of polaron is supported by the results of our opto-electrical characterizations along with the evaluation of previous observations. As part…

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Oxide02 engineering and technologyPolaronSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural scienceslaw.inventionmolybdenum oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundlaw0103 physical sciencesThermalSolar cellGeneral Materials Sciencepolaron theoryElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsbusiness.industrysilicon heterojunction solar cellHeterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistrymolybdenum oxide density of states polaron theory silicon heterojunction solar celldensity of statesDensity of statesOptoelectronicsDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Stiffness design of laminates using the polar method

2001

This paper is devoted to the analysis of elastic properties of anisotropic laminas using the so-called polar representation method: this is an effective mathematical tool to analyse two-dimensional elastic problems. By this method, the authors have been able to find a particular class of solutions to some special inverse problems concerning laminates made by anisotropic layers. The properties of these solutions are described and discussed, along with some general results.

Materials scienceApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringProbleme inverseMathematical analysisMarsaglia polar methodInverse problemCondensed Matter PhysicsMechanics of MaterialsStiffness designModeling and SimulationPolarGeneral Materials SciencePolar coordinate systemComposite materialAnisotropyRepresentation (mathematics)International Journal of Solids and Structures
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Polarized multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering using a picosecond laser and a fiber supercontinuum

2011

International audience; We perform multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) micro-spectroscopy with a picosecond pulsed laser and a broadband supercontinuum (SC) generated in photonic crystal fiber. CARS signal stability is achieved using an active fiber coupler that avoids thermal and mechanical drifts. We obtain multiplex CARS spectra for test liquids in the 600–2000 cm−1 spectral range. In addition we investigate the polarization dependence of the CARS spectra when rotating the pump beam linear polarization state relative to the linearly polarized broad stokes SC. From these polarization measurements we deduce the Raman depolarization ratio, the resonant versus nonresonant …

Materials scienceBiomedical EngineeringPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologySpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencesPattern Recognition Automated010309 opticsBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeLaser linewidthOptics87.64.kp 87.63.ltFiber laser0103 physical sciencesDepolarization ratioFiber Optic TechnologyCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryLasersEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyImage EnhancementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSupercontinuumEquipment Failure AnalysissymbolsOptoelectronicsMicroscopy Polarization0210 nano-technologybusinessRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Photoinduced mass transport in azo compounds

2013

The photoinduced changes of optical properties in azobenzene containing compound thin films were studied under influence of polarized and non-polarized 532 nm laser light. Under influence of light azo compounds experience trans-cis isomerisation process, that can be observed in the absorbance spectrum of the sample. If the light is linearly polarized, molecules align perpendicularly to the electric field vector and as a result photoinduced dichroism and birefringence is obtained. If a known lateral polarization modulation of the light beam is present, mass transport of the azobenzene containing compound occurs. By measuring the surface relief with a profilometer the direction of mass transp…

Materials scienceBirefringenceLinear polarizationbusiness.industryDichroismAbsorbancechemistry.chemical_compoundAzobenzenechemistryElectric fieldOptoelectronicsLight beamThin filmbusinessIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Improving the On-Line Extraction of Polar Compounds by IT-SPME with Silica Nanoparticles Modified Phases

2018

In the present work the extraction efficiency of in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) for polar herbicides has been evaluated using extractive capillaries coated with different polymeric sorbents. For this purpose, aqueous solutions of herbicides with a wide range of polarities, including some highly polar compounds (log Kow < 1), have been directly processed by IT-SPME coupled on-line to capillary liquid chromatography with UV-diode array detection. For extraction, commercially available capillary columns coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyetilenglicol (PEG)-based phases have been used, and the results have been compared with those obtained with a synthesized tetra…

Materials scienceCapillary actionin-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME); polar herbicides; capillary liquid chromatography; SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticlesFiltration and Separationengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCoatingchemistry.chemical_classificationDetection limitAqueous solutionChromatographyPolydimethylsiloxane010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)Polymercapillary liquid chromatographySiO2 nanoparticleslcsh:QC1-9990104 chemical sciencesTetraethyl orthosilicatechemistrylcsh:QD1-999engineeringpolar herbicideslcsh:Physicsin-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME)Separations
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Surface relief formation in amorphous chalcogenide thin films during holographic recording

2010

Abstract This report present the studies of direct holographic recording of the surface relief gratings on amorphous As2S3 films by 532 nm laser light. By giving extra time for recording exposure (more than necessary for volume amplitude-phase optical recording, e.g. Kikineshi, 2000 [2] ), changes of surface relief in the resist material can be observed. This direct surface relief formation phenomenon during holographic recording is discussed here from the side of recording light polarization. Efficiency of the relief formation may also depend on softening temperature of the film material and this influence was studied as well by using additional incoherent light for extra exposure during r…

Materials scienceChalcogenidebusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryHolographyOptical polarizationGratingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidlaw.inventionInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryResistlawOptical recordingElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmbusinessSpectroscopyOptical Materials
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Spin polarized tunneling at room temperature in a Heusler compound-a non-oxide material with a large negative magnetoresistance effect in low magneti…

2003

Summary form only given. Materials which display large changes in resistivity in response to an applied magnetic field (magnetoresistance) are currently of great interest due to their potential for applications in magnetic sensors, magnetic random access memories, and spintronics-a new kind of electronics based on spin instead of charge. Although ferromagnetic manganites show colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effects around their Curie temperature, the low field and nearly temperature independent magnetoresistance properties important for spintronics are found only at low temperatures. Guided by striking features in the electronic structure of several magnetic compounds, we prepared the Heus…

Materials scienceColossal magnetoresistanceCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationSpintronicsMagnetoresistanceMagnetic semiconductorengineering.materialHeusler compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFerromagnetismengineeringCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsHalf-metalIEEE International Digest of Technical Papers on Magnetics Conference
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Rational design of new materials for spintronics: Co2FeZ (Z=Al, Ga, Si, Ge)

2008

Spintronic is a multidisciplinary field and a new research area. New materials must be found for satisfying the different types of demands. The search for stable half-metallic ferromagnets and ferromagnetic semiconductors with Curie temperatures higher than room temperature is still a challenge for solid state scientists. A general understanding of how structures are related to properties is a necessary prerequisite for material design. Computational simulations are an important tool for a rational design of new materials. The new developments in this new field are reported from the point of view of material scientists. The development of magnetic Heusler compounds specifically designed as …

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsFerromagnetismSpin polarizationSpintronicsMagnetengineeringCurieGeneral Materials ScienceElectronic structureengineering.materialHeusler compoundQuantum tunnellingScience and Technology of Advanced Materials
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