Search results for " polar"

showing 10 items of 1091 documents

Synthetic aperture microscopy using off-axis illumination and polarization coding

2007

A new method to improve the resolution of optical imaging systems beyond the classical Rayleigh resolution limit is presented. The technique relies on synthetic aperture generation in three stages. The first one (encoding stage) uses an illumination procedure that combines both on-axis and off-axis illumination beams with different polarization states onto the object. After the imaging system, a second stage (decoding stage) allows the recovering of the encoded spatial-frequency object information by means of an interferometric configuration based on the polarization coding carried out in the previous stage. Finally, a third stage (digital post-processing stage) is used to generate a synthe…

Synthetic aperture radarbusiness.industryApertureComputer scienceOptical polarizationPolarization (waves)SuperresolutionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeInterferometryOpticsOptical imagingOptical microscopelawMicroscopysymbolsAngular resolutionOff-axis illuminationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRayleigh scatteringbusinessDigital holographyOptics Communications
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Pion Form Factor at BESIII

2017

Abstract At BESIII, we measured the cross section of e + e − → π + π − in the energy range between 600 and 900 MeV/c2 with a 2.93 fb−1 data set taken at the center-of-mass energy 3.773 GeV. The initial state radiation technique is used, and the total systematic uncertainty is estimated to be 0.9%. The squared form factor | F π | 2 is extracted, and comparisons are made with results from both KLOE and BaBar. The two-pion contribution to the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to ( g − 2 ) μ is calculated to be a μ π π , LO ( 600 − 900 MeV / c 2 ) = ( 368.2 ± 2.5 s t a t . ± 3.3 s y s t . ) ⋅ 10 − 10 .

Systematic errorPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsRange (particle radiation)010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronForm factor (quantum field theory)Radiation01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPion0103 physical sciencesVacuum polarization010306 general physicsNuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings
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Thermal potential of ion-exchange membranes and its application to thermoelectric power generation

2016

The low efficiency and high price of thermoelectric semiconductors has generated interest in unconventional forms of thermoelectric materials. In this article, ionic thermoelectricity has been studied with commercial ion-exchange membranes for different aqueous 1:1 electrolytes. The theory of thermal membrane potential has been derived taking into account the ionic heats of transport, the non-isothermal Donnan potentials, the temperature polarization, and the thermally-induced concentration polarization of the electrolyte. Also the generated thermoelectric power has been experimentally studied. The experiments show good agreement with the theory, and suggest ways for systematic improvement …

TRANSPORTED ENTROPYNon-isothermal electrodiffusionHALIDE SOLUTIONSThermodynamicsFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologyElectrolyte010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySeebeck coefficientThermoelectric effectAQUEOUS-SOLUTIONSGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)NONISOTHERMAL SYSTEMSta116Concentration polarizationIonic heat of transportChemistryTEMPERATURE POLARIZATIONThermal membrane potentialThermoelectric power generation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermoelectric materialsELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONSSODIUM-CHLORIDE0104 chemical sciencesIonic Seebeck coefficientThermoelectric generatorMembraneMASS-TRANSPORTIon-exchange membranes0210 nano-technologyCHARGED MEMBRANESSORET COEFFICIENTSJOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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Longitudinal spin-relaxation in nitrogen-vacancy centers in electron irradiated diamond

2015

We present systematic measurements of longitudinal relaxation rates ($1/T_1$) of spin polarization in the ground state of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^-$) color center in synthetic diamond as a function of NV$^-$ concentration and magnetic field $B$. NV$^-$ centers were created by irradiating a Type 1b single-crystal diamond along the [100] axis with 200 keV electrons from a transmission electron microscope with varying doses to achieve spots of different NV$^-$ center concentrations. Values of ($1/T_1$) were measured for each spot as a function of $B$.

TechnologyMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Synthetic diamondFOS: Physical sciencesElectronengineering.materiallaw.inventionEngineeringquant-phlawVacancy defectcond-mat.mes-hallMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Applied PhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpin polarizationRelaxation (NMR)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Diamondcond-mat.mtrl-sciTransmission electron microscopyPhysical SciencesengineeringAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground stateApplied Physics Letters
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Measurements of temperature polarization phenomena in membrane distillation channels by a thermographic technique

2014

In the present work, a recently presented experimental technique, based on the use of thermochromic liquid crystals (TLCs) and digital image processing, has been employed in order to measure the temperature and local heat transfer coefficient distribution on the membrane surface in a MD spacer-filler channel

Temperature polarizationSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciThermochromic liquid crystalFluid dynamicsHeat transferMembrane distillationSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Generalized Virasoro anomaly and stress tensor for dilaton coupled theories

2003

We derive the anomalous transformation law of the quantum stress tensor for a 2D massless scalar field coupled to an external dilaton. This provides a generalization of the Virasoro anomaly which turns out to be consistent with the trace anomaly. We apply it together with the equivalence principle to compute the expectation values of the covariant quantum stress tensor on a curved background. Finally we briefly illustrate how to evaluate vacuum polarization and Hawking radiation effects from these results.

Tensor contractionPhysicsAstrofísicaHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCauchy stress tensorDilaton coupled theoriesHawking radiationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics::TheoryGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Stress tensorDilatonCovariant transformationVacuum polarizationVacuum polarizationAnomaly (physics)Tensor densityScalar fieldVirasoro and trace anomaliesMathematical physics
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Weyl Type Theorems for Left and Right Polaroid Operators

2010

A bounded operator defined on a Banach space is said to be polaroid if every isolated point of the spectrum is a pole of the resolvent. In this paper we consider the two related notions of left and right polaroid, and explore them together with the condition of being a-polaroid. Moreover, the equivalences of Weyl type theorems and generalized Weyl type theorems are investigated for left and a-polaroid operators. As a consequence, we obtain a general framework which allows us to derive in a unified way many recent results, concerning Weyl type theorems (generalized or not) for important classes of operators.

Teoremi di Weyl operatori polaroidi SVEPLeft and rightPure mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheorySpectrum (functional analysis)Banach spaceType (model theory)Bounded operatorAlgebraIsolated pointSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaAnalysisResolventMathematicsIntegral Equations and Operator Theory
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Surface plasmon interference fringes in back-reflection

2010

We report the experimental observation of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) interference fringes with near-unity visibility and half-wavelength periodicity obtained in back reflection on a Bragg mirror. The presented method based on leakage radiation microscopy (LRM) represents an alternative solution to optical near-field analysis and opens new ways for the quantitative analysis of SPP fringes. With LRM we investigate various SPP interference patterns and analyze the high reflectivity of Bragg mirror in comparison with theoretical models.

Theoretical modelsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesOpticsInterference (communication)0103 physical sciencesMicroscopy010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gases[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]business.industrySurface plasmon021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDistributed Bragg reflectorSurface plasmon polariton[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Reflection (physics)Optoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Localized surface plasmon
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IR fingerprints of U(VI) nitrate monoamides complexes: a joint experimental and theoretical study.

2010

Infrared spectra of 0.5 mol·L-1 uranium(VI) nitrate monoamide complexes in toluene have been recorded and compared with infrared spectra calculated by DFT. The investigated monoamides were N,N- dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dibutylformamide (DBF), and N,N- dicyclohexylformamide (DcHF). The validity of DFT calculations for describing uranium nitrate monoamide complexes has been confirmed as a fair agreement between experimental and calculated spectra was obtained. Furthermore, a topological analysis of the electron density has been carried out to characterize monoamide-uranium interactions. From this work, it appears that the increase of stability of uranylmonoamide complexes may be directly …

Theoretical studyElectron densityTopological analysis Engineering controlled terms: DimethylformamideInorganic chemistryDFT calculationStrontium compoundchemistry.chemical_elementInfrared spectroscopyLigand010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural sciencesElectrostatic interactionSpectral linechemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronNitratePositive charge[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron densitieInfrared spectrumSpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSLigand molecule010405 organic chemistrySulfur compoundUraniumTolueneN N-Dimethylformamide0104 chemical sciencesStable complexe[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistryOrganic solventUraniumPhysical chemistryDegree of polarizationDegree of polarizationMonoamideUranium compounds Engineering main heading: ComplexationTolueneThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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CFD simulation of a membrane distillation module channel

2009

The interest towards the use of membrane distillation (MD) processes for seawater desalination has been rising recently due to the ease of coupling MD with waste and/or solar thermal energy. Notwithstanding the flexibility of the process and its potential for further developments in membrane performances, one of the main drawbacks is the thermal efficiency reduction caused by temperature polarization. Because of such phenomenon, only a small amount of the driving force potentially available for the separation process, i.e. the temperature difference between evaporating and condensing fluids, is actually used for the separation. In order to reduce temperature polarization a study on the effe…

Thermal efficiencySettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi Chimicibusiness.industryChemistrySpacerSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciFlow (psychology)Mechanical engineeringSpiral wound channelOcean EngineeringMembrane distillationMembrane distillation; Computational fluid dynamics; Temperature polarization; Spiral wound channel; SpacerComputational fluid dynamicsMembrane distillationSolar energyPollutionDesalinationSeparation processTemperature gradientTemperature polarizationCFD simulation membrane distillationComputational fluid dynamicbusinessWater Science and Technology
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