Search results for " practices"

What does it mean to be visually literate? Examination of visual literacy definitions in a context of higher education

2018

Full Article Figures & data References Citations Metrics Reprints & Permissions Get access Abstract Competency in visual literacy (VL) is crucial for effective visual communication, and thus for living and working in a visually saturated environment. However, VL across disciplines is still marginalized in higher education curricula. This tendency is partly caused by the lack of knowledge and agreement on what it means to be visually literate. This study juxtaposes and evaluates 11 VL definitions, selected as the most relevant for higher education practitioners and coined from 1969 (the first one) to 2013 (the most recent one). The study further proposes three lists of VL skills with themati…

Informal and Formal Practices within the EU Security Approach in Kosovo

2018

The hesitant path of Western Balkans towards EU’s integration, the enduring borders and constitutional disputes and the unsettled ethnic tensions in the region trigger new security threats for Europe. The chapter explores the link between informal and formal actors and rules in EU security domain choosing as a case study, EULEX, the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) operation in Kosovo. The chapter addresses the following questions: how pragmatically EULEX has transformed itself reacting to operational needs in the field? Which is the framework of mobilization of informal networks, the source of their legitimacy and the ways they affect formal and international policies in high-inst…

Functional ecology for evaluating and predicting the aptitude of permanent grassland to provide services

2013

National audience; Applying the principles of functional ecology helps better predict the services which can be provided by permanent grassland. Farming practices and environmental characteristics influence the functional composition of grassland. Functional plant types have a generic effect on forage services which can be assessed. 13 types of grassland composed of distinct functional types were defined based on 1,283 sample grassland fields located on 8 sites. This approach was validated by checking 8 Ellenberg indicator values (used to evaluate environmental characteristics and farming practices) against climatic data and descriptive data for farming practices. The interest of a function…

Variations spatiales et temporelles de communautés adventices des cultures annuelles en France

2010

Résumé de thèse; National audience

Effect of parental rules on sweetness exposure and sweetness liking in infants

2022

Background: Infants become increasingly exposed to sweet-tasting foods in their first year of life. However, it is still unclear whether repeated exposure to sweet taste is linked to infants’ sweetness liking during this period. Making use of data from the OPALINE cohort, this study aimed to examine the link between sweetness exposure and sweetness liking during two important periods in early infant feeding: at the start of complementary feeding (3-6 months) and the transition to the family table (10-12 months).Methods: Infants’ sweetness exposure was assessed using seven-day food records which were completed by mothers every month (n=312), reporting daily consumption rates of formula/breas…

Simulation study of the effects of intensified crop management in genetically manipulated maize on arable weed flora and associated fauna

2014

International audience; Cultivation of GM crops with herbicide tolerance is mostly associated with changes in crop and weed management, like simplified rotations, simplified tillage and change from selective herbicides to the broadband glyphosate. All of these management practices decrease weed densities in crops and change their composition. Although weeds cause yield loss and harvest problems, they are an important part of arable biodiversity and offer food and habitat for different groups of animals. A simulation study was conducted to analyse indirect effects of intensified cropping in GM maize on biodiversity. The dynamic crop: weed model FlorSys was used to simulate weed densities and…

Disentangling local agronomic practices from agricultural landscape effects on pest biological control

2019

International audience; The biological control of crop pests is a valuable service provided by various beneficial organisms that are naturally present in agricultural landscapes. Semi-natural habitats has long been recognized as essential to preserve beneficial insects, but proof of their efficiency to enhance biological control of pests remains non conclusive. Here, we examined the variability of landscape effect on biological pest control and the way local agronomic practices may modulate it. Biological pest control was monitored in 80 commercial fields (arable crops and orchards) during three consecutive years in four contrasting French agricultural landscapes distributed along a double …

Are maternal practices associated with children’s eating difficulties?

2013

Young children’s eating behaviors: the links with fathers’ and mothers’ feeding practices

2019

International audience; Parental feeding practices – the strategies to control ‘what', ‘how much', ‘when', ‘where', and ‘how' a child eats1 – can be a tool to promote healthy eating habits from a very young age. To support parents in feeding in the best possible way, it is crucial to have a profound understanding of the precise effect of these feeding practices on both the qualitative (e.g., food neophobia) and quantitative dimensions (e.g., self-regulation of intake) of a child's eating behavior. Some feeding practices potentially have a beneficial effect on one dimension, but a deleterious effect on the other dimension. It is also important to gain more insights in the role of fathers in …

Détermination et transmission du goût. Importance des expériences précoces

2013

Compte tenu que les préférences et habitudes alimentaires sont acquises très précocement il est important de mieux comprendre l’impact des expériences précoces sur l’acceptation des fruits et légumes lors de la diversification alimentaire et pendant les premières années de vie. Au cours de cette présentation, des résultats d’études expérimentales ou observationnelles portant sur l’impact de l’allaitement, des pratiques de diversification (variété de l’offre, exposition répétée) et des pratiques éducatives sur l’acceptation des fruits et légumes seront présentées. La transmission des préférences alimentaires peut commencer au cours de la vie intra-utérine. Il a été montré que des nouveau-nés…