Search results for " pricing"
showing 10 items of 146 documents
Advance booking across channels: The effects on dynamic pricing
2021
This research analyzes the effects of advance booking and channel type on hotel rates. While this relationship has been addressed in the literature, most studies take a partial approach by focusing only on one distribution channel or one destination. This study fills this gap by analyzing the price dynamics for four channels and multiple destinations. The data set consists of 39,363 bookings for 1085 hotels over 27 consecutive months. We used two-stage least squares to solve potential endogeneity issues, and the results proved that distribution channel, hotel type and hotel size have an influence on the effect of advance booking on hotel rates. Critical managerial implications are discussed…
An algorithm for simulating end-user behaviour in a real time pricing market
2015
The energy market has changed radically over the last decade, mainly due to an increased penetration of renewable energies. Now the end users have directly access to the energy market and can actively take part to the electricity market. Electricity customers can indeed modify their behavior through Demand Response, namely by means of pricing strategies that support a change in the end-users habits. This can be accomplished through a 'loads aggregator', a third party that collects the requests and signals for Active Demand-based services coming from the markets and the different actors of energy market. This paper describes a simulation framework to generate the simulated optimal behavior o…
Real-time pricing for aggregates energy resources in the Italian energy market
2015
Abstract Over the last decade, the architecture of the energy market has radically changed. In many countries end-users are now able to directly access the market, which has given rise to the question of how they can actively participate in that market. End-users can comprise a critical mass through aggregation that is carried out by a third party – to wit the “loads aggregator.” This paper proposes a new framework for generating feasible real-time price curves for those end-users in a demand-response management process. The underlying algorithm generates output curves as the solution to a constrained optimization problem whose objective function is the aggregator's economic benefit. A case…
John Bates Clark on trusts: New light from the Columbia archives
2005
Public concern over the so called “trust problem” in the United States between the end of the nineteenth century and 1914, the year of the passage of the Clayton and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Acts, was reflected in the considerable contemporary literature on the subject. Not surprisingly, professional economists actively participated in this debate. Their thinking directly and indirectly influenced the legislation of 1914 in a way that cannot be said of the Sherman Act of 1890 (Mayhew 1998). A survey of the most important of these professional writings shows that, among the several voices animating the discussion, John Bates Clark's was perhaps the most influential. In this connection,…
(In)Efficiencies in Latin American ETFs
2017
Este estudio evalúa empíricamente la eficiencia en la valoración de varios ETFs latinoamericanos, expresada en desviaciones de sus precios de mercado frente a los valores liquidativos subyacentes. Se cuantifican tales ineficiencias y se implementa una estrategia de negociación verificada por regresiones basadas en el CAPM y el Modelo Fama-French. Los resultados discrepan con la Hipótesis de los Mercados Eficientes y son mejor explicados por aspectos de las finanzas comportamentales. Finalmente, se examina cómo las desviaciones influyen sobre la decisión de creación o redención de ETFs, mediante un análisis de regresión logística. Los resultados evidencian que los participantes autorizados r…
Integrating Keyword Advertising and Dynamic Pricing for an Online Market Place
2014
Keyword Advertising is a main marketing instrument for e-commerce companies in order to generate traffic from search engines on their website. The costs for Keyword Advertising are determined in an auction that is conducted for every single search query, which is entered in by a user. In case of an online market place, each adlink provided by the search engine refers to an ordered list of products on the website of the online market place. Hereby, the price of the product is oftentimes one important criteria for the user when deciding for one or the other product from the list. However, existing models assume the price of products to be exogeneous. By taking into account the prices of linke…
A proposal for the analysis of price escalation within water tariffs: The impact of the Water Framework Directive in Spain
2017
During the last few decades, numerous international organizations have emphasized the role of pricing policy as a tool to achieve objectives of efficiency, environmental sustainability, and cost-recovery in the management of water resources. Incorporating a certain level of price escalation within water tariffs by adopting increasing block rates is commonly advocated as a key element for controlling water demand and fulfilling these objectives. However, despite its widespread use, there exists no established procedure to measure the levels of price escalation embodied in water tariffs. We propose a measure of price escalation within water tariffs at the level of the water supply management…
Does market concentration affect prices in the urban water industry?
2015
This paper analyzes the relationship between market concentration in the private segment of the water industry and water prices with a sample of municipalities located in the Southern Spanish region of Andalusia. In doing so, several Heckman sample selection models are estimated with the main finding being that market concentration increases the price of water for residential use charged by private companies. The main policy recommendation is that urban water service privatization must be accompanied by the appropriate regulatory and institutional frameworks to promote competition among businesses and monitor water pricing.
Public provision versus private provision of industrial land: a hedonic approach
2005
Abstract This study examines the factors that explain the differences observed between the industrial land prices offered by the public sector and those offered by the private sector by means of estimating three hedonic pricing models. The results obtained show that location, defined as the distance to a highway, the distance to the city business district and the distance to the capital of the province, have an important impact on industrial land value. However, this impact is greater when private developers provide the land. Other variables considered, such as who is behind the provision of the industrial land, have an important impact on sale prices.
La progettazione di interventi per una mobilità sostenibile in ambito urbano
2014
Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di proporre un modo diverso di intendere le ZTL (Zone a Traffico Limitato), sia dal punto di vista della loro pianificazione sia dal punto di vista tecnologico e gestionale. Si intende puntare a risultati concreti e innovativi, ricercando strumenti, processi e soluzioni per il miglioramento della pianificazione, organizzazione e gestione delle ZTL. In particolare, si affronta il tema del road pricing e del parking pricing e di come questi strumenti si possono integrare all’interno del sistema trasportistico già esistente. A fronte di questi temi si vuole proporre un modello di pricing innovativo, sia dal punto di vista tecnologico sia metodologico, c…