Search results for " processing"

Both attention and prediction are necessary for adaptive neuronal tuning in sensory processing

2014

International audience; The brain as a proactive system processes sensory information under the top-down influence of attention and prediction. However, the relation between attention and prediction remains undetermined given the conflation of these two mechanisms in the literature. To evaluate whether attention and prediction are dependent of each other, and if so, how these two top-down mechanisms may interact in sensory processing, we orthogonally manipulated attention and prediction in a target detection task. Participants were instructed to pay attention to one of two interleaved stimulus streams of predictable/unpredictable tone frequency. We found that attention and prediction intera…

Comprehensive auditory discrimination profiles recorded with a fast parametric musical multi-feature mismatch negativity paradigm

2016

Abstract Objective Mismatch negativity (MMN), a component of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) in response to auditory-expectancy violation, is sensitive to central auditory processing deficits associated with several clinical conditions and to auditory skills deriving from musical expertise. This sensitivity is more evident for stimuli integrated in complex sound contexts. This study tested whether increasing magnitudes of deviation (levels) entail increasing MMN amplitude (or decreasing latency), aiming to create a balanced version of the musical multi-feature paradigm towards measurement of extensive auditory discrimination profiles in auditory expertise or deficits. Methods Usi…

Neural Processing of Congruent and Incongruent Audiovisual Speech in School-Age Children and Adults

2017

Event-related brain potentials to change in the frequency and temporal structure of sounds in typically developing 5-6-year-old children.

2015

The brain's ability to recognize different acoustic cues (e.g., frequency changes in rapid temporal succession) is important for speech perception and thus for successful language development. Here we report on distinct event-related potentials (ERPs) in 5-6-year-old children recorded in a passive oddball paradigm to repeated tone pair stimuli with a frequency change in the second tone in the pair, replicating earlier findings. An occasional insertion of a third tone within the tone pair generated a more merged pattern, which has not been reported previously in 5-6-year-old children. Both types of deviations elicited pre-attentive discriminative mismatch negativity (MMN) and late discrimina…

Augmented Mirror: Interactive Augmented Reality System Based on Kinect

2011

Part 1: Long and Short Papers; International audience; In this paper we present a virtual character controlled by an actor in real time, who talks with an audience through an augmented mirror. The application, which integrates video images, the avatar and other virtual objects within an Augmented Reality system, has been implemented using a mixture of technologies: two kinect systems for motion capture, depth map and real images, a gyroscope to detect head movements, and control algorithms to manage avatar emotions.

Understanding sigma-phase precipitation in a stabilized austenitic stainless steel (316Nb) through complementary CALPHAD-based and experimental inves…

2014

Abstract Sigma-phase precipitation in a 316Nb “stabilized” austenitic stainless steel was studied through complementary CALPHAD-based and dedicated experimental investigations. Thermokinetic calculations performed using Thermo-Calc (with the DICTRA module) and MatCalc software showed that the sigma phase (σ) precipitated directly at γ-austenite grain boundaries (GB) via a common solid-state reaction when carbon and nitrogen contents fell below a critical threshold. Residual δ ferrite was found to be more susceptible to σ-phase precipitation; this type of precipitation occurred via two mechanisms that depended on the concentration profiles of δ-ferrite stabilizing elements induced by previou…

Wavelets Image Analysis for Friction Stir Processed TiNi Functional Behavior Characterization

2015

Abstract A key topic regarding Ti Ni Shape Memory materials concerns the possibility to attain welded junctions that preserves the shape memory properties of material. Other research topic for SMAs regards the retention of the shape memory effect cyclic stability; in fact, good shape memory properties frequently decrease during SME cycling of material. A method able to improve the cyclic stability of TiNi shape memory effect is the grain refinement. Considering these above mentioned research topics, a solid state welding process, as the Friction Stir Welding, is thus attractive for SMA joining and it exhibits potentials for achieving welded joints affected by microstructural changes that pr…

Machine Learning VS Transfer Learning - Smart Camera Implementation for Face Authentication

2018

The aim of this paper is to highlight differences between classical machine learning and transfer learning applied to low cost real-time face authentication. Furthermore, in an access control context, the size of biometric data should be minimized so it can be stored on a remote personal media. These constraints have led us to compare only lightest versions of these algorithms. Transfer learning applied on Mobilenet v1 raises to 85% of accuracy, for a 457Ko model, with 3680s and 1.43s for training and prediction tasks. In comparison, the fastest integrated method (Random Forest) shows accuracy up to 90% for a 7,9Ko model, with a fifth of a second to be trained and a hundred of microseconds …

Video preprocessing for audiovisual indexing

2003

We address the problem of detecting shots of subjects that are interviewed in news sequences. This is useful since usually these kinds of scenes contain important and reusable information that can be used for other news programs. In a previous paper, we presented a technique based on a priori knowledge of the editing techniques used in news sequences which allowed a fast search of news stories (see Albiol, A. et al., 3rd Int. Conf. on Audio and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication, p.366-71, 2001). We now present a new shot descriptor technique which improves the previous search results by using a simple, yet efficient, algorithm, based on the information contained in consecutive fra…

A distributed detection and prevention scheme from malicious nodes in vehicular networks

2016

Summary Vehicular environments still remain vulnerable to various potential attacks because of continuous interactions and information exchange between vehicles despite the deployment of authentication techniques by communication standards. Therefore, an authenticated node with a certificate could initiate an attack while complying with implemented protocols. Some mechanisms were proposed to enhance communication technologies, but none of them was able to anticipate nodes' behavior. They also mismanage oscillating vehicles, because they evict them automatically after misbehaving. In this paper, we propose a preventive mechanism, namely, Intrusion Prevention and Detection System (IPDS), able…