Search results for " sample"

showing 10 items of 456 documents

Identifying loci for the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder using a genome-wide QTL linkage approa…

2010

Contains fulltext : 88211.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: The genetic basis for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was addressed using a genome-wide linkage approach. METHOD: Participants of the International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics study comprising 1,143 probands with ADHD and 1,453 siblings were analyzed. The total and subscale scores of the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) were used as quantitative traits for multipoint regression-based linkage analyses on 5,407 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms applying MERLIN-regress software, both without and with inclusion of ADHD symptom sc…

MaleMedizinGenome-wide association studyComorbidityPersonality Assessment0302 clinical medicineDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyPerception and Action [DCN 1]GENETIC INFLUENCESChildGENERAL-POPULATION0303 health sciencesMental Health [NCEBP 9]CommunicationChromosome MappingPsychiatry and Mental healthcomorbidityAutism spectrum disorderFemalePsychologylinkageFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]TRAITSmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPsychometricsSUSCEPTIBILITY LOCIDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERQuantitative Trait Lociautism spectrum disorderQuantitative trait locusPolymorphism Single Nucleotidebehavioral disciplines and activitiesArticleTWIN SAMPLEGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesGenetic linkagemental disordersmedicinePervasive developmental disorderAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderADHDHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingSOCIAL-BEHAVIORPsychiatrySocial Behavior030304 developmental biologyChromosome AberrationsChromosomes Human Pair 15PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERSmedicine.diseaseHOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTORDevelopmental disorderAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChild Development Disorders PervasiveAutismLod ScoreChromosomes Human Pair 18030217 neurology & neurosurgeryChromosomes Human Pair 16SCANGenome-Wide Association Study
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Baseline sero-epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in children and teenagers in Italy. A survey before mass hepatitis B vaccination

1991

During the period May 1987 to November 1989, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers was determined by ELISA in serum samples of 7405 (55% male, 45% female) apparently healthy persons 3-19 years of age in Italy. Earlier studies of adults there had shown an intermediate degree of HBV endemicity (hepatitis B surface antigen carrier rate greater than 2%). Persons were selected by systematic cluster sampling in five different geographical areas of Italy. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 0.6%. The overall prevalence of at least one marker of HBV was 2.8%; it increased from 1.7% among children 3-5 years of age to 4.5% in teenagers 17-19 years of age (P l…

MaleMicrobiology (medical)HBsAgmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.disease_causeHepatitis b surface antigenPregnancyEpidemiologyPrevalencemedicineHumansSero epidemiologyChildHepatitis B virusPregnancyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryHepatitis BSerum samplesmedicine.diseaseInfectious DiseasesItalySocioeconomic FactorsHepatitis b vaccinationChild PreschoolImmunologyFemalebusinessDemographyJournal of Infection
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Noninvasive assessment of respiratory muscle strength and activity in Myotonic dystrophy

2017

Objective To evaluate sensitivity/specificity of the maximum relaxation rate (MRR) of inspiratory muscles, amplitude of electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), scalene (SCA), parasternal (2ndIS) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles; lung function and respiratory muscle strength in subjects with Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) compared with healthy subjects. Design and methods Quasi-experimental observational study with control group. MRR of inspiratory muscles, lung function and amplitude of the electromyographic activity of SCM, SCA, 2ndIS and RA muscles during maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax) and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (…

MaleMuscle PhysiologyTime FactorsMuscle FunctionsPhysiologyMuscle RelaxationRespiratory Systemlcsh:MedicineElectromyographyPulmonary function testing0302 clinical medicineThoracic DiaphragmMedicine and Health SciencesMyotonic DystrophyMedicineRespiratory systemlcsh:ScienceMusculoskeletal SystemAbdominal MusclesMultidisciplinaryAnthropometrymedicine.diagnostic_testMusclesMuscle AnalysisRespiratory MusclesRespiratory Function TestsBioassays and Physiological AnalysisMuscle relaxationInhalationGenetic DiseasesExhalationParasternal lineCardiologyFemaleAnatomyMuscle ElectrophysiologyResearch ArticleAdult; Anthropometry; Electromyography; Exhalation; Female; Humans; Inhalation; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Strength; Myotonic Dystrophy; Pressure; ROC Curve; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Muscles; Sample Size; Time FactorsAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyRespiratory physiologyResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineRespiratory musclesPressureRespiratory muscleHumansRespiratory PhysiologyMuscle StrengthClinical GeneticsElectromyographic activityElectromyographybusiness.industryElectrophysiological Techniqueslcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesExhalationSkeletal MusclesROC Curve030228 respiratory systemSample Sizelcsh:Qbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPLOS ONE
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Reproducibility of Brain Responses: High for Speech Perception, Low for Reading Difficulties.

2019

Neuroscience findings have recently received critique on the lack of replications. To examine the reproducibility of brain indices of speech sound discrimination and their role in dyslexia, a specific reading difficulty, brain event-related potentials using EEG were measured using the same cross-linguistic passive oddball paradigm in about 200 dyslexics and 200 typically reading 8–12-year-old children from four countries with different native languages. Brain responses indexing speech and non-speech sound discrimination were extremely reproducible, supporting the validity and reliability of cognitive neuroscience methods. Significant differences between typical and dyslexic readers were fou…

MaleNeurodevelopmental disordersBrainReproducibility of ResultsAcousticsAcoustics; Brain/physiology; Child; Cognition/physiology; Female; Functional Laterality/physiology; Humans; Male; Reading; Reproducibility of Results; Sample Size; Speech Perception/physiologyFunctional LateralityArticleCognitionReadingRisk factorsSample SizeSpeech PerceptionHumansFemaleChild
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Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

2012

The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2…

MalePediatricsCross-sectional study95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthmaAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990stemporal trendsSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologySurveys and QuestionnaireMedicineasthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in ItalyYoung adultrespectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%education.field_of_studyAllergic rhinitis; Asthma; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporal trends; Wheezing;medicine.diagnostic_testSmokingthe median prevalence of current asthmaallergic rhinitis asthma epidemiology prevalence temporal trends wheezingItalyAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010; n=10494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010 the median prevalence of current asthma wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6% from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8% respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010 mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs asthma prevalence has increased by 38% in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis.mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrssymbolsasthma prevalence has increased by 38%FemaleepidemiologyHumanPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdult494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitismedicine.medical_specialtyRhinitis Allergic PerennialPopulationprevalencethe Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio031)and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medicasymbols.namesakeYoung AdultAllergic rhinitiHumansRespiratory soundsPoisson regressioneducationAsthmaRespiratory SoundsCross-Sectional Studieallergic rhinitisbusiness.industrywheezingwheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%Rhinitis Allergic Seasonalasthmain the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993medicine.disease873)Cross-Sectional Studiesn=10Relative riskTemporal trendRespiratory Soundn=6n=18business
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Rising Stroke Incidence in Young Adults: More Epidemiological Evidence, More Questions to Be Answered

2016

Studies have reported increasing incidence of ischemic stroke in adults younger than 50 to 55 years. Information on temporal trends of other stroke subtypes and transient ischemic attack (TIA) is sparse. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal trends of the incidence of hospitalizations for TIA and stroke including sex- and subtype-specific trends in young adults aged 15 to 30 years.From the Danish National Patient Register, we identified all cases of first-ever stroke and TIA (age 15-30 years) in Denmark, who were hospitalized during the study period of 1994 to 2012. Incidence rates and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were estimated by using Poisson regression. During…

MalePediatricsDenmarkPrevalencepopulation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyburden0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsCardiovascular DiseaseEpidemiologyMedicinePoisson DistributionRegistriesYoung adultStrokeComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSOriginal ResearchIncidence (epidemiology)[ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemstroke3. Good healthEditorialIschemic Attack TransientRegression AnalysisFemaleepidemiologyFranceCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineStroke incidencehospitalizationAdulttrendsmedicine.medical_specialtyacute ischemic strokeAdolescentprevalencenationwide inpatient sample03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemHumanscardiovascular diseasesSex DistributionCerebral HemorrhageIschemic Strokebusiness.industryyoungEditorialsSubarachnoid Hemorrhagemedicine.diseasetransient ischemic attackincidenceCerebrovascular Disease/Strokebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Comparing Long-Acting Antipsychotic Discontinuation Rates Under Ordinary Clinical Circumstances: A Survival Analysis from an Observational, Pragmatic…

2021

Background Recent guidelines suggested a wider use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) than previously, but naturalistic data on the consequences of LAI use in terms of discontinuation rates and associated factors are still sparse, making it hard for clinicians to be informed on plausible treatment courses. Objective Our objective was to assess, under real-world clinical circumstances, LAI discontinuation rates over a period of 12 months after a first prescription, reasons for discontinuation, and associated factors. Methods The STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ was a naturalistic, multicentre, observational prospective study that enrolled subjects initiating a LAI without restrictions …

MalePediatricsrespectively)0302 clinical medicineDelayed-Action PreparationBrief Psychiatric Rating ScalePharmacology (medical)he STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in ItalyOriginal Research ArticleProspective StudiesProspective cohort studytreatmentMental DisordersHazard ratiowhereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5%Psychiatric Status Rating ScaleMiddle Agedside efectsPsychiatry and Mental healthItalyMental DisorderFemalehe STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in Italy occurring in almost 40% of the entire sample; side efects participant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4% respectively) whereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5% respectively). In multivariate analysis being prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation risk.HumanAntipsychotic Agentsmedicine.drugPsychopathologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDiscontinuationFollow-Up StudieMedication Adherence03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansPaliperidoneAdverse effectSettore MED/25 - Psichiatriadiscontinuation ratesPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesrespectively). In multivariate analysisbusiness.industryLong-Acting Antipsychoticlong-acting injectable antipsychoticsSurvival AnalysisConfidence intervalparticipant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4%030227 psychiatryDiscontinuationProspective StudieAntipsychotic Agentoccurring in almost 40% of the entire sampleDelayed-Action PreparationsNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgerybeing prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation riskFollow-Up Studies
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Toward empirically based criteria for the classification of somatoform disorders

1999

Abstract There is a major need for an empirical evaluation of classification criteria for somatoform disorders. The present study analyzes psychometric properties of the existing criteria for somatization disorder. The full sample consisted of 324 patients seeking help because of “psychosomatic problems.” Data from a subsample of carefully diagnosed patients with somatization syndrome (n=76) and a clinical comparison group (n=32) permitted the analysis of the discriminative power of items. Twenty-one somatic symptoms adopted from DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria did not exhibit the necessary psychometric characteristics (item probability, item-total correlation, etc.). Thirty-two somatic symptoms…

MalePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesNosologymedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsCultureSick RoleReproducibility of ResultsObservationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFull samplePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologymedicineHumansFemaleSomatization disorderSomatoform DisordersAttributionPsychiatryPsychologySomatizationIllness behaviorClinical psychologyJournal of Psychosomatic Research
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Targeting quality of life in asthmatic children: The MyTEP pilot randomized trial

2019

Abstract Background Quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome in the management of children with asthma. Mobile Health (m-Health) and Therapeutic Education Programs (TEPs) are increasingly recognized as essential components of pediatric asthma management to improve disease outcomes. Objective To evaluate the effect of an education program (MyTherapeutic Education Program, MyTEP) that couples multidisciplinary TEP intervention with an m-Health Program (mHP) in improving QoL in asthmatic children. Methods This single-center study employed a nonblinded randomized clinical trial design. Italian-speaking children (6–11 years) with mild-moderate asthma were eligible for participation. Partici…

MalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyTherapeutic educationlaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePatient Education as TopicQuality of lifeRandomized controlled trialRisk FactorsAsthma Children Quality of life Therapeutic education Mobile healthlawSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansMobile health030212 general & internal medicineChildChildrenAsthma Children Quality of life Therapeutic education Mobile healthAsthmaDescriptive statisticsbusiness.industrySmall sampleTherapeutic educationmedicine.diseaseAsthmaTelemedicineAsthmatic childrenItaly030228 respiratory systemSpirometrySmartphone appQuality of LifePhysical therapyFemalebusinessFollow-Up StudiesRespiratory Medicine
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Changes of QTc interval after opioid switching to oral methadone.

2013

Abstract A consecutive sample of patients who were switched from strong opioids to methadone in a period of 1 year was surveyed. QTc was assessed before switching (T0) and after achieving adequate analgesia and an acceptable level of adverse effects (Ts). Twenty-eight of 33 patients were switched to methadone successfully. The mean initial methadone doses at T0 were 67.1 mg/day (SD ±80.2, range 12-390). The mean QTc interval at T0 was 400 ms (SD ±30, range 330-450). The mean QTc interval at Ts (median 5 days) was 430 ms (SD ±26, range 390-500). The difference (7.7 %) was significant (p < 0.0005). Only two patients had a QTc of 500 ms. No serious arrhythmia was observed. At the linear regres…

MaleRiskCancer pain; Methadone; QT prolongation; Toxicity; Opioid switchingPainSettore MED/41 - AnestesiologiaQT prolongationSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataQT intervalCONSECUTIVE SAMPLEElectrocardiographyNeoplasmsOpiate Substitution TreatmentmedicineHumansIn patientcardiovascular diseasesCancer painAdverse effectAgedToxicitybusiness.industryMiddle AgedAnalgesics OpioidLong QT SyndromeOncologyOpioidAnesthesiaToxicityLinear Modelscardiovascular systemOpioid switchingFemaleCancer painbusinessMethadoneMethadonemedicine.drug
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