Search results for " secretion"
showing 10 items of 490 documents
Maternal Microbiota, Cortisol Concentration, and Post-Partum Weight Recovery Are Dependent on Mode of Delivery
2020
© 2020 by the authors.
Long-term graft function of adult rat and human islets encapsulated in novel alginate-based microcapsules after transplantation in immunocompetent di…
2005
We describe the results of the first study to show that adult rat and human islets can be protected against xenogenic rejection in immunocompetent diabetic mice by encapsulating them in a novel alginate-based microcapsule system with no additional permselective membrane. Nonencapsulated islets lost function within 4–8 days after being transplanted into diabetic Balb/c mice, whereas transplanted encapsulated adult rat or human islets resulted in normoglycemia for >7 months. When rat islet grafts were removed 10 and 36 weeks after transplantation, the mice became immediately hyperglycemic, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the encapsulated islets. The explanted capsules showed only a …
Meconium microbiota types dominated by lactic acid or enteric bacteria are differentially associated with maternal eczema and respiratory problems in…
2013
Background Culture-dependent methods have shown that meconium, the newborn's first intestinal discharge, is not sterile, but the diversity of bacteria present in this material needs to be further characterized by means of more sensitive molecular techniques. Objective Our aims were to characterize molecularly the meconium microbiota in term infants, to assess whether it contributes to the future microbiota of the infants' gastrointestinal tract, and to evaluate how it relates to lifestyle variables and atopy-related conditions. Methods We applied high-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to study the meconium microbiota in twenty term newborns from a Spanish birth cohort. For comp…
Maternal diet shapes the breast milk microbiota composition and diversity: impact of mode of delivery and antibiotic exposure
2020
BACKGROUND: Breast milk is a complex biofluid that provides nutrients and bioactive agents, including bacteria, for the development of the infant gut microbiota. However, the impact of maternal diet and other factors, such as mode of delivery and antibiotic exposure, on the breast milk microbiota has yet to be understood. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the association between maternal diet and breast milk microbiota and to ascertain the potential role of mode of delivery and antibiotic exposure. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of the MAMI cohort, breast milk microbiota profiling was assessed in 120 samples from healthy mothers by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maternal dietary infor…
Carriage of Enterobacteria Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Composition of the Gut Microbiota in an Amerindian Community
2015
ABSTRACT Epidemiological and individual risk factors for colonization by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (E-ESBL) have been studied extensively, but whether such colonization is associated with significant changes in the composition of the rest of the microbiota is still unknown. To address this issue, we assessed in an isolated Amerindian Guianese community whether intestinal carriage of E-ESBL was associated with specificities in gut microbiota using metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches. While the richness of taxa of the active microbiota of carriers was similar to that of noncarriers, the taxa were less homogeneous. In addition, species of four genera,…
Interferon-α Abrogates the Suppressive Effect of Apoptotic Cells on Dendritic Cells in anIn VitroModel of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pathogenesis
2013
Objective.An increased incidence of apoptotic cells and an increased activation of dendritic cells (DC) may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated the characteristics of apoptotic neutrophils and monocyte-derived DC of patients with SLE, their interaction, and the influence of autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines on this interaction.Methods.Kinetics of neutrophil apoptosis and DC activation were studied by flow cytometry. To analyze the interaction of apoptotic cells with phagocytes, crossover coculture experiments were performed with DC from patients with SLE and apoptotic Jurkat T cells as well as with apoptotic neutrophils from patient…
Assessment of the prevalence and characteristics of dens invaginatus in a sample of Turkish Anatolian population.
2009
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of dens invaginatus in anterior teeth and to classify the type of dens invaginatus in a sample of Turkish Anatolian population. Study design: A retrospective study was performed using full-mouth periapical and panoramic radiographs of 1012 patients. Maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were evaluated for the presence and characteristics of dens invaginatus. Statistical evaluation of the presence of dens invaginatus related to gender was performed by the Pearson chi-squared test. Results: Dens invaginatus was observed in 13 out of 1012 subjects and in only maxillary lateral incisors. There were no peri…
Gonadotropin Secretion in Eugonadotropic Human Males and Postmenopausal Females Under Long Term Application of a Potent Analog of Gonadotropin-Releas…
1978
Long-acting analogs are of special interest in long-term treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). However, inhibitory effects of agonist analogs on gonadotropin secretion or on reproductive processes have been observed in rats as well as in human males. Since these inhibitory effects seem to be dose-related, we checked the findings for d-Leu 6 -des-Gly 10 -GnRH-ethylamide within the dose range proposed by us for treatment. In six eugonadotropic human males, a significant decrease of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness to a standard dose of GnRH and significant decrease of testosterone basal secretion were observed after 2 and 4weeks of subcutaneo…
T cells involved in psoriasis vulgaris belong to the Th1 subset
1994
Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris is still unknown, several characteristics point to an immunologically mediated process. Epidermal psoriatic lesions are characterized by a hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and an infiltration of T lymphocytes and granulocytes. Because the former may be mediated in part by lymphokines secreted by T cells, we have focused our interest on the in vivo and in vitro cytokine secretion patterns of T lymphocytes from psoriatic lesions. In five patients T lymphocytes were obtained from epidermal specimens. The cells were propagated with lectin and irradiated feeder cells and subsequently cloned by limiting dilution. The resulting T-cell clones were …
Effects of Intravenous Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone upon Sleep-Related Growth Hormone Surge and Sleep EEG in Man
1988
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays a key role in coordinating neuroendocrine, metabolic and behavioral responses in stress and affective disorders. To further investigate the effects of enhanced pituitary-adrenocortical activity upon sleep-related phenomena we administered four intravenous injections of 50 micrograms human (h)-CRH or saline to 11 normal males at 10 p.m., 11 p.m., 12 p.m. and 1 a.m. and measured plasma levels of cortisol and growth hormone (GH) as well as sleep EEG recordings throughout the night. Treatment with h-CRH resulted in a significant increase of mean (+/- SEM) cortisol secretion between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m. (h-CRH: 100.6 +/- 9.5 ng/ml; saline: 39.0 +/- 1.5 n…