Search results for " sein"

Dépistage du cancer du sein : en route vers le futur

2016

Breast cancer remains a potentially lethal disease, which requires aggressive treatments and is associated with long-term consequences. Its prognosis is linked to both tumor biology and burden at diagnosis. Although treatments have allowed important improvements in prognosis over the past 20 years, breast cancer screening remains necessary. Mammographic screening allows earlier stage diagnoses and a decrease of breast cancer specific mortality. However, breast cancer screening modalities should be revised with the objective to address demonstrated limitations of mammographic screening (limited benefit, imperfect sensitivity and specificity, overdiagnoses, radiation-induced morbidity). Furth…

Breast cancer screening : socioeconomic factors influencing the participation and screening round adequacy

2013

Mammography screening allowed breast tumors detection in early stage while treatments are less aggressive. Despite the fact that organized mammography screening has been free of charge for the target population since 2004 in France, the participation rate to the programme remains low.The aim of the studies was to investigate individual and area-level socioeconomic factors explaining low breast cancer screening attendance, individual factors influencing mammography screening round adequacy and to assess the evidence of screening round adequacy in the discovery of breast tumors.The results showed that women living in most deprived areas or rural areas, those covered by self-employed insurance…

18F-FDG PET imaging of breast cancer : evaluation of the metabolic behaviour of the different breast cancer subtypes and prediction of the tumor resp…

2015

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18Fluoro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is the reference imaging examination for in-vivo quantification of the glucidic metabolism of tumour cells. It allows for the monitoring of tumour metabolic changes during chemotherapy. Breast cancer comprises several distinct genomic entities with different biological characteristics and clinical behaviours, leading to different tailored treatments. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to evaluate the relationship between the different biological entities of breast cancer and the tumour metabolic behaviour during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We have also retrieved, among the various metabolic parameters on PET images, the …

The Elovl5 enzyme in breast cancer : regulation of cancer cell proliferation and metastasis

2021

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. The 5-year relative survival rate is less than 30% for metastatic breast cancer and metastases account for more than 75% of breast cancer deaths. Fatty acid metabolism is altered in cancer and contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we were interested in Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5 (Elovl5) which catalyzes the elongation of long-chain fatty acids. We observed that the tumors from patients with a breast cancer had a lower expression of Elovl5 than paired normal breast tissue. However, low expression of Elovl5 is associated with a worse prognosis in breast cancer p…

Cancer et environnement : expertise collective

2008

Les cancers représentent en France la première cause de mortalité chez les hommes et la deuxième cause chez les femmes et figurent parmi les pathologies pouvant être liées à l’environnement. À la demande de l’Afsset, l’Inserm a réuni un groupe d’experts afin d’établir un bilan des connaissances sur les liens entre l’exposition à des facteurs physiques, chimiques ou biologiques présents dans l’atmosphère, l’eau, les sols ou l’alimentation et neuf types de cancers en augmentation au cours des vingt-cinq dernières années : les cancers du poumon, les mésothéliomes, les hémopathies malignes, les tumeurs cérébrales, les cancers du sein, de l’ovaire, du testicule, de la prostate etde la thyroïde. …

18F-FDG PET for breast cancer : combined analysis of tumour perfusion and metabolism for tumour characterisation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy respons…

2020

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a common treatment in patients with locally advanced or large breast cancer at diagnosis. A pathological complete response (pCR) at the end of NAC is recognized as a good surrogate marker of relapse-free survival. An early identification of the pathological response has then become a key parameter to monitor new therapeutic strategies. Studies, focusing on predictive biomarkers identification, have shown that early changes in tumour metabolism, assessed by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) using 2-desoxy-2-18F-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG), allow the early assessment of the pathological response at the end of treatment. However, given the diversity of breast …

La Giustizia, la spada e la bilancia

2017

Solamente al di fuori della storia vi è spazio per una giustizia in grado di assegnare a ciascuno ciò che gli spetta (‘suum cuique tribuere’) senza l’intervento dell’uomo. La nozione di ‘giusto’, come quella di ‘ingiusto’, è in sé indeterminata e pertanto ha bisogno di essere riempita di contenuti specifici. Analogamente, la definizione di iustitia fornita dal giurista romano Ulpiano (D. 1.1.10 pr.) si riduce, in realtà, a una formula ‘in bianco’. Rinviando al compito di ‘suum cuique tribuere’, infatti, essa consegna nelle mani dei giuristi la bilancia necessaria per determinare in concreto ciò che a spetta a ciascuno. Collegata alla definizione di iuris prudentia che segue nel testo (D. 1.…

Le site Age-du-fer du Gros-Buisson à Villiers-sur-Seine (77), de l’intrasite au bassin moyen de la Seine : réflexions sur la place de la géoarchéolog…

2018

International audience

Ex-voto, retour aux sources : les bois des sources de la Seine

2011

Le mobilier archéologique de l’habitat du Hallstatt final à Écuelles « Charmoy » (Seine-et-Marne)

2005

The Ecuelles Charmoy site is one of the first Late Hallstatt settlements to be discovered on the edge of the plateau that dominates the Seine-Yonne confluence. In use for only a short period at the end of the 5th and during the first half of the 4th century BC, the site includes postholed buildings, storage pits and other structures in an organized domestic space. The pottery, especially the painted ware, is particularly abundant in the storage pits and constitutes a reference of local ware and its production. Also the traces of metalworking found on the site, be it the reduction of iron or the crafting of moulded bronze jewellery, renews our knowledge of the function and vocation of such a…