Search results for " sleep."
showing 10 items of 525 documents
Sequential analysis of the brain's transfer properties during consecutive REM episodes
1995
Abstract Classical analysis of the spontaneous sleep EEG has revealed alterations of REM sleep in psychiatric diseases and under the influence of drugs. In order to elucidate possible functional differences between different REM episodes even in healthy subjects we investigated in 10 volunteers the transfer properties of the brain by measuring auditory (AEP) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) from scalp positions Fz, Cz and Pz during the night. According to linear system theory we computed the so-called amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) from averaged AEPs and VEPs during the first and each of the following 3 REM episodes. These functions describe the relationship between the input a…
Outcomes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with harmonic scalpel after failure of continuous positive airway pressure in sleep apnea syndrome.
2012
Our data highlight that uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) with harmonic scalpel (HS) is a reliable treatment in selected patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and users of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).The aim of this paper was to verify the efficacy and applicability of UPPP with HS in the treatment of patients affected by OSA and users of CPAP.A total of 21 patients with a retropalatal obstruction and users of CPAP underwent UPPP with HS and were evaluated (before and 6 months after surgery) using the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI); oxygen desaturation index ≥4% (ODI(4)); Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); snoring level (SL); subjective assessment of the postoperative pa…
Grey matter damage and overall cognitive impairment in primary progressive multiple sclerosis
2011
Objectives: To identify associations between cognitive impairment and imaging measures in a cross-sectional study of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Methods: Neuropsychological tests were administered to 27 patients with PPMS and 31 controls. Patients underwent brain conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, volumetric scans and magnetization transfer (MT) imaging; MT ratio (MTR) parameters, grey matter (GM) and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) volumes, and WM T2 lesion load (T2LL) were obtained. In patients, multiple linear regression models identified the imaging measure associated with the abnormal cognitive tests independently from the ot…
Clinical presentation of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea and self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma in the ESADA cohort.
2018
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and asthma are often associated and several studies suggest a bidirectional relationship between asthma and OSA. This study analyzed the characteristics of patients with suspected OSA from the European Sleep Apnea Database according to presence/absence of physician-diagnosed asthma. Cross-sectional data in 16,236 patients (29.1% female) referred for suspected OSA were analyzed according to occurrence of physician-diagnosed asthma for anthropometrics, OSA severity and sleepiness. Sleep structure was assessed in patients studied by polysomnography (i.e. 48% of the sample). The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in the entire cohort was 4.8% (7.9% in women, …
Unique sleep-stage transitions determined by obstructive sleep apnea severity, age and gender
2019
In obstructive sleep apnea, patients' sleep is fragmented leading to excessive daytime sleepiness and co-morbidities like arterial hypertension. However, traditional metrics are not always directly correlated with daytime sleepiness, and the association between traditional sleep quality metrics like sleep duration and arterial hypertension is still ambiguous. In a development cohort, we analysed hypnograms from mild (n = 213), moderate (n = 235) and severe (n = 277) obstructive sleep apnea patients as well as healthy controls (n = 105) from the European Sleep Apnea Database. We assessed sleep by the analysis of two-step transitions depending on obstructive sleep apnea severity and anthropom…
Obstructive sleep apnoea in adult patients post-tonsillectomy
2021
Background: The impact of removing the upper airway lymphoid tissue and in particular, tonsillectomy, in adults with OSA has not been demonstrated in large populations. Aims: To compare the severity of OSA and the prevalence of cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory co-morbidities between patients with OSA who had undergone previous tonsillectomy and those who had not. Methods: The 19,711 participants in this study came from the European sleep apnea database (ESADA) which comprises data from unselected adult patients aged 18–80 years with a history of symptoms suggestive of OSA referred to sleep centers throughout Europe. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in terms…
Breathe Right Nasal Strips and the Respiratory Disturbance Index in Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
1999
This investigation assesses the effects of Breathe Right nasal strips on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) measured by polysomnography in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. The positive effect of these strips on nasal ventilation was shown in earlier studies. Twenty-six patients with an RDI higher than 10 in an initial measurement underwent a second preoperative polysomnography with Breathe Right nasal strips in place. Nineteen of these 26 patients showed reduction of RDI during the second night of polysomnography using the nasal strips, indicating that nasal obstruction seems to be a predominant factor in the etiology of snoring and apnea in these individua…
Management of pharyngeal collapse in patients affected by moderate obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
2022
This study reports our experience in a selected cohort of patients affected by mild-moderate OSAS, without tonsillar obstruction, and treated with pharyngoplasty.In a case-control retrospective study, we compared modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (MESP) to modified barbed reposition pharyngoplasty (MBRP) in adult patients with oropharyngeal transversal collapse with a BMI ≤ 30 kg/mWe enrolled 20 patients: 10 treated with MESP and 10 treated with MBRP. Mean apnoea-hypoapnoea index (AHI) was 22.8 (± 5.63). We observed in both groups a significant reduction of AHI and oropharyngeal obstruction (p = 0.01), with a success rate, according with Sher's criteria, of 90% for MESP and 80% fo…
Orexin and sleep quality in anorexia nervosa: Clinical relevance and influence on treatment outcome
2015
Background and aims Orexins/hypocretins are orexigenic peptides implicated in the regulation of feeding behavior and the sleep/wake cycle. Little is known about the functioning of these peptides in anorexia nervosa (AN). The aims of the current study were to evaluate the extent to which orexin-A might be linked to sleep and treatment outcome in AN. Method Fasting plasma orexin-A concentrations were measured in 48 females with AN at the start of a day hospital treatment and in 98 normal-eater/healthy-weight controls. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was administered at the beginning of the treatment as a measure of sleep quality. Other psychopathological variables were evaluated with the S…
Social distancing in chronic migraine during the covid-19 outbreak: Results from a multicenter observational study
2021
Background: The restrictions taken to control the rapid spread of COVID-19 resulted in a sudden, unprecedented change in people’s lifestyle, leading to negative consequences on general health. This study aimed to estimate the impact of such changes on migraine severity during 2020 March–May lockdown. Methods: Patients affected by migraine with or without aura, diagnosed by expert physicians, completed a detailed interview comprehensive of: assessment of migraine characteristics