Search results for " solution"
showing 10 items of 3084 documents
INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL POTENTIAL ON THE CARRIER EFFECTIVE MASS IN THE THERMOELECTRIC SOLID SOLUTION Cu2Zn1-xFexGeSe4
2013
In this paper, we describe the synthesis and characterization of the solid solution Cu 2 Zn 1-x Fe x GeSe 4. Electronic transport data have been analyzed using a single parabolic band model and have been compared to Cu 2+x Zn 1-x GeSe 4. The effective mass of these undoped, intrinsically hole conducting materials increases linearly with increasing carrier concentration, showing a non-parabolic transport behavior within the valence band.
High-Dose Torasemide is Equivalent to High-Dose Furosemide with Hypertonic Saline in the Treatment of Refractory Congestive Heart Failure.
2007
Objective: A randomised, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the effects of the combination of high-dose torasemide and hypertonic saline solution (HSS) infusion versus high-dose furosemide (frusemide) and HSS in the treatment of refractory New York Heart Association class IV congestive heart failure (CHF). Materials and methods: Eighty-four patients (55 males, 29 females) with refractory CHF, aged 55–84 years, with an ejection fraction <35%, serum creatinine <2 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen ≤60 mg/dL, a reduced urinary volume and a low natriuresis, were randomised to two groups. Group 1 (27 males, 15 females) received an intravenous infusion of furosemide 500mg plus HSS (150mL of 1.4…
Photocatalytic ozonation under visible light for the remediation of water effluents and its integration with an electro-membrane bioreactor
2018
Abstract Photocatalysis and photocatalytic ozonation under visible light have been applied for the purification of a complex aqueous matrix such as the grey water of Masdar City (UAE), by using N-doped brookite-rutile catalysts. Preliminary runs on 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) solutions allowed to test the reaction system in the presence of a model pollutant and to afford the relevant kinetic parameters of the process. Subsequently, the remediation of grey water effluent has been evaluated in terms of the reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) and bacterial counts. The concentration of the most abundant inorganic ionic species in the effluent has been also monitored during reaction. Photocatalytic…
Acid and alkaline production from multi-ionic brines via Electrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes
2022
In recent years, a great attention has grown towards the brine valorization through chemicals production and mineral recovery as an alternative to conventional disposal. Electrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes (EDBM) is an emerging process that can be used for the production of alkaline and acidic solutions from salt solutions. Within the SEArcularMINE project framework, the exploitation of saltworks bitterns (highly concentrated solutions generated during the sea-salt production process) is proposed for minerals recovery and NaOH and HCl solutions production. In this work, an EDBM unit, equipped with commercial ion exchange membranes, was tested for the first time in closed-loop mode with: …
The Li Ni0.2Mn0.2Co0.6O2 electrode materials: A structural and magnetic study
2012
Graphical abstract: EPR signal of the Li{sub 0.6}Co{sub 0.6}Ni{sub 0.2}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} composition showing that Mn{sup 4+} ions are the solely paramagnetic ions in the structure. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer LiCo{sub 0.6}Ni{sub 0.2}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} was prepared by the combustion method with sucrose as a fuel. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Chemical delithiaition was performed by using NO{sub 2}BF{sub 4} oxidizing agent. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The rhombohedral symmetry was preserved upon lithium removal. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Lithium extraction leads to Ni{sup 2+} oxidation to Ni{sup 4+} followed by Co{sup 3+} oxidation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The EPR narr…
Energy generation and abatement of Acid Orange 7 in reverse electrodialysis cells using salinity gradients
2015
Abstract The simultaneous generation of electric energy and the treatment of wastewaters contaminated by an organic pollutant resistant to conventional biological processes, Acid Orange 7 (AO7), was achieved for the first time using proper redox processes by reverse electrodialysis using salinity gradients. The stack was fed with two aqueous solutions with different concentrations of NaCl and a synthetic wastewater contaminated by AO7. Various electrochemical approaches including electro-Fenton, electrogeneration of active chlorine (IOAC) and coupled process were performed in a stack equipped with 40–60 cell pairs and studied by focused electrolyses. The effect of the number of cell pairs a…
New approaches for the effective valorization of papaya seeds: Extraction of proteins, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, and isothiocyanates assiste…
2015
Abstract The study compares the efficiency of common aqueous extraction (CE) at different pH (2.5–11) and temperatures (20–60 °C) and extraction assisted by pulsed electric energy (pulsed electric fields, PEF or high voltage electrical discharges, HVED) of nutritionally valuable and antioxidant compounds from papaya seeds. The exponential decay pulses with initial electric field strengths of ≈ 13.3 kV/cm and ≈ 40 kV/cm for PEF and HVED treatments, respectively, were used. The number of pulses n was changed within 1–2000. The impacts of temperature and pH on extraction efficiency of different components (proteins, total phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, isothiocyanates) and antioxidant capa…
Electro-biorefinery as a Potential Tool for Valorization of Mango and Papaya By-products
2016
During exotic fruits processing, a large amount of by-products, especially seeds and peels, are produced and discarded into the environment causing organic pollution. However, it is recognized that these by-products are a good source of high-added value compounds, which can be used for different purposes (i.e. food additives and/or nutraceuticals). At this stage of development, there is a lack of information about the different extraction methods that can be used for the recovery of high-added value compounds from papaya and mango by-products. In this line, the extraction assisted by pulsed electric technologies seems to be rather promising. In this research study, the exponential decay pul…
Electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants in water at metal oxide electrodes: A simple theoretical model including direct and indirect oxidatio…
2009
Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of organics in water at metal oxide electrodes was investigated with the aim to discuss the correlations between the instantaneous current efficiency ICE and operative conditions by considering both the hypothesis of a direct oxidation process and of an indirect process mediated by adsorbed hydroxyl radicals or chemisorbed “oxygen”, in order to explicit the main differences expected between these cases. Thus, a simple theoretical model was discussed, as an extension of previous studies of Comnnellis and co-workers which were focused on indirect oxidation paths [C. Comninellis, Electrochim. Acta 39 (1994) 1857; O. Simond, V. Schaller, Ch. Comninellis, E…
Electrochemical abatement of chloroethanes in water: Reduction, oxidation and combined processes
2010
An electrochemical route, based on the anodic oxidation to carbon dioxide coupled with the cathodic reduction to de-halogenated hydrocarbons, was proposed for the treatment of waters contaminated by chloroethanes. The electrochemical abatement of two model compounds, namely 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, was carried out by cathodic reduction at silver, anodic oxidation at boron doped diamond (BDD) and combined processes. The anodic oxidation gives rise to a high abatement of the concentration of both these compounds and of COD. The reduction of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane proceeds also with high abatement but with the formation of some halogenated intermediates and final pr…