Search results for " speed"

showing 10 items of 641 documents

Daytime sensible heat flux estimation over heterogeneous surfaces using multitemporal land-surface temperature observations

2016

Equations based on surface renewal (SR) analysis to estimate the sensible heat flux (H) require as input the mean ramp amplitude and period observed in the ramp-like pattern of the air temperature measured at high frequency. A SR-based method to estimate sensible heat flux (HSR-LST) requiring only low-frequency measurements of the air temperature, horizontal mean wind speed, and land-surface temperature as input was derived and tested under unstable conditions over a heterogeneous canopy (olive grove). HSR-LST assumes that the mean ramp amplitude can be inferred from the difference between land-surface temperature and mean air temperature through a linear relationship and that the ramp freq…

Daytime010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMeteorology0208 environmental biotechnologyEddy covariance02 engineering and technologySensible heatAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesWind speed020801 environmental engineeringRoot mean squareAmplitudeWind shearEnvironmental scienceBowen ratio0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyWater Resources Research
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Witnessing non-Markovian effects of quantum processes through Hilbert-Schmidt speed

2020

Non-Markovian effects can speed up the dynamics of quantum systems while the limits of the evolution time can be derived by quantifiers of quantum statistical speed. We introduce a witness for characterizing the non-Markovianity of quantum evolutions through the Hilbert-Schmidt speed (HSS), which is a special type of quantum statistical speed. This witness has the advantage of not requiring diagonalization of evolved density matrix. Its sensitivity is investigated by considering several paradigmatic instances of open quantum systems, such as one qubit subject to phase-covariant noise and Pauli channel, two independent qubits locally interacting with leaky cavities, V-type and $\Lambda $-typ…

Density matrixPhysicsQuantum PhysicsHIlbert-Schmidt speedFOS: Physical sciencesType (model theory)non-Markovianity01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleOpen quantum systemQubitQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsDissipative systemQuditQubitSensitivity (control systems)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantumPhysical Review A
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Influence of position of the context sensitive graphemes and word frequency effect on reading speed: a performance analysis of developmental dyslexic…

2011

Several studies have reported how the presence of contextual letter-sound conversion rules influences both reading speed and accuracy and the effect of rule complexity holds for low frequency words only. We aimed to investigate the role of orthography complexity and, in particular, of context sensitive graphemes position and frequency of use on reading speed, analyzing the performance of developmental dyslexics and fluent readers. With regard to speed (reading speed of word lists), context sensitive graphemes position had an effect only for dyslexic children, who showed the worst performance if the context sensitive graphemes were in first position, regardless of word frequency. On the othe…

Developmental dyslexics Word frequency Reading speed
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Residents’corner June 2014. PhotogRaphic Clues: Best Settings for Dermatologic Photography

2014

Obtaining digital images either for documentation or research purposes is a daily need for the dermatologist. Photography, as the art of capturing light, relies mainly on three modifiable elements: lens aperture (defined as the opening through which light reaches the camera sensor; expressed as “F-stops”, the smaller the number, the broader the aperture), shutter speed (the total time during which light reaches the sensor; it is indicated as fractions of a second) and ISO sensitivity (the light [...]

Digital imagebusiness.industryAperturePhotographyMedicineComputer visionDermatologyArtificial intelligenceImage sensorbusinessShutter speedEuropean Journal of Dermatology
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Minimal nontrivial space complexity of probabilistic one- way turing machines

2005

Languages recognizable in o(log log n) space by probabilistic one — way Turing machines are proved to be regular. This solves an open problem in [4].

Discrete mathematicsTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESSuper-recursive algorithmProbabilistic Turing machineLinear speedup theoremNSPACEDescription numberCombinatoricsTuring machinesymbols.namesakeTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESNon-deterministic Turing machinesymbolsTime hierarchy theoremComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematics
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Impacts of roundabouts in suburban areas on congestion-specific vehicle speed profiles, pollutant and noise emissions: an empirical analysis

2019

Abstract Increasing concern about global warming and air quality has meant an increasing use of energetic and environmental indicators in roundabout design. This research compares different suburban roundabouts in terms of traffic performance, pollutant and noise emissions through an integrated empirical assessment. Field measurements were carried out with a light duty vehicle in single-lane (SL), compact two-lane (CTL) and multi-lane (ML) roundabouts using Portable Emission Measurements Systems, On-Board Diagnostic scan tool and Sound Level Meter, to measure real-world exhaust emissions, engine activity and acoustic data, respectively. Afterwards, predictive discrete choice models that cor…

Discrete models; Noise; On-road emissions; Roundabouts; Speed profilesGeography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologiesTransportation02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesAutomotive engineeringSpeed profilesDiscrete modelsSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed Aeroporti021108 energyNoise levelSound level meterAir quality index0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCivil and Structural EngineeringPollutantDiscrete choiceOn-road emissionsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGlobal warmingRoundaboutsNoiseRoundaboutEnvironmental scienceNoise
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Influence of the quadratic term in the alongwind stochastic response of SDOF structures

1996

A parametric study, regarding the influence of the quadratic pressure term, which is often neglected in the literature, on the stochastic alongwind response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure subjected to wind action, is presented. The results are reported in terms of percentages of difference in the evaluation of the response, by considering and neglecting the quadratic pressure term. The changing parameters considered are: the terrain drag coefficient, the structure height, the structure natural radian frequency, the structure damping coefficient and the wind reference mean velocity. The response stochastic analysis has been carried out in the time domain, by means of the mome…

Drag coefficientStochastic processMathematical analysisSDOF structureWind engineeringWind speedTerm (time)Quadratic equationControl theoryTime domainAlongwind stochastic responseCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsParametric statisticsEngineering Structures
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Contribution to the development and the improvement of a digital model of the human body biofidelic HUByx by numerical methods for impact applications

2017

The study of human tolerance thresholds to impacts requires experiments on living or post mortem human subjects, which naturally raises ethical questions. To overcome these limitations, the development of numerical tools has led over the last few years to the implementation of numerical models more or less capable to accurately reproduce the mechanical behavior of the human body when subjected to various types of stresses. It is in this context that the numerical model HUByx (Hermaphrodite Biomechanics yx-model) has been developed within the research department COMM of the ICB lab at UTBM. This PhD work aims at validating and improving the biofidelity of the thoracic part of the HUByx model…

Dynamique rapideExplosion[SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]BallisticBalistiqueNumerical simulationBlastImpacts à grande vitesseSimulation numériqueHigh speed impacts[SPI.MECA.BIOM] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]BiomécanqiueHigh speed dynamicBiomechanics
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Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes

2022

Background Vaccination against the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is understood to be the key way out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists on the determinants of vaccine rollouts and their health effects at the country level. Objective Examine the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts and their effects on health outcomes. Methods Ordinary least squares regressions with standard errors clustered at the country level for Cross-section and Panel daily data of vaccinations and various health outcomes (new COVID-19 cases, fatalities, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions) for an unbalanced sample of about 200 countries during the period 16 December 2020 to 20 June 2021. Results…

Economics and Econometricsand (iii) COVID-19 cases in neighboring countries can lead to an increase in a country's domestic caseload and hamper efforts in taming its own local outbreak. Conclusions: By providing an early broad overview of the quantitative empirical estimates of the determinants of vaccine rollouts and the effects of COVID-19 vaccines our paper can help policymakers make informed decisions about local and global distributions of vaccines as well as related policy tools such as containment measure.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)business.industryHealth PolicyNational accountsOutbreakGeneral Medicine(ii) vaccine deployment significantly reduces new COVID-19 infections Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions and fatalities and is more effective when coupled with stringent containment measures or when a country is experiencing a large outbreakVaccination against the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is understood to be the key way out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists on the determinants of vaccine rollouts and their health effects at the country level. Objective: Examine the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts and their effects on health outcomes. Methods: Ordinary least squares regressions with standard errors clustered at the country level for Cross-section and Panel daily data of vaccinations and various health outcomes (new COVID-19 cases fatalities intensive care unit (ICU) admissions) for an unbalanced sample of about 200 countries during the period 16 December 2020 to 20 June 2021. Results: We find evidence that: (i) early vaccine procurement domestic production of vaccines the severity of the pandemic a country's health infrastructure and vaccine acceptance are significant determinants of the speed of vaccination rolloutHealth outcomesIntensive care unitlaw.inventionVaccinationProcurementlawEnvironmental healthPandemicGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesMedicinebusinessGeneral Environmental ScienceIMF Working Papers
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Ecological stoichiometry: a link between developmental speed and physiological stress in an omnivorous insect

2019

The elemental composition of organisms is a part of a suite of functional traits that may adaptively respond to fluctuating selection pressures. Life history theory predicts that predation risk and resource limitations impose selection pressures on organisms’ developmental time and are further associated with variability in energetic and behavioral traits. Between-individual differences in developmental speed, behaviors and physiology have been explained using the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis. However, how an organism’s developmental speed is linked with elemental body composition, metabolism and behavior is not well understood. We compared elemental body composition, latency to …

EcophysiologyCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectZoologycarbon-to-nitrogen ratioInsectBiologyelemental body compositiondevelopmental speedLife history theoryPredationlcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineEcological stoichiometrycarbon-to-nitrogen ratio ; developmental speed ; ecological stoichiometry ; elemental body composition ; trait-based ecology ; Gryllus integer ; pace-of-life syndrome ; physiological stresslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryOrganismOriginal Researchphysiological stress030304 developmental biologymedia_common0303 health sciencesecological stoichiometryNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyGryllus integerBasal metabolic ratetrait-based ecologypace-of-life syndrometa1181Omnivorehuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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