Search results for " state"

showing 10 items of 5973 documents

Natural history of chronic HBV carriers in northern Italy: morbidity and mortality after 30 years

2004

Background & aims: Increased morbidity and mortality from liver disease have been reported in chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, but data on survival are equivocal. To assess the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on survival and liver-related complications, we re-evaluated, after a mean follow-up of 30 years, a cohort of 296 blood donors excluded from donation 30 years ago when HBsAg screening became mandatory. Methods: Clinical and ultrasound examination and biochemical and virologic tests were performed. The cause of death was recorded and survival was compared with a control population of 157 HBV-negative blood donors selected at baseline. Results: Thirty-two…

AdultMalevirus DNAmedicine.medical_specialtyHBsAgHepatitis B virusCirrhosisBlood Donorsmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyserum HBVCohort StudiesLiver diseaseHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicinemedicineHumansProspective StudiesSurvival analysisCause of deathAgedHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryalcoholGastroenterologyHepatitis BMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysisdigestive system diseaseshepatitis B surface antigenItalygamma glutamyltransferaseHepatocellular carcinomaImmunologyCarrier StateFemalebusinessFollow-Up Studies
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Trends in Sexual Activity and Associations with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Adults

2020

Abstract Background Sexual activity can be referred to as a health behavior and may also act as an indicator of health status. Aim To evaluate temporal trends in sexual activity and to examine associations of sexual activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. Methods We examined the trends and prevalence of sexual activity and association of sexual activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a nationally representative sample using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2016 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2014 Linked Mortality File (through December 31, 2015). Outcomes All-cause, cardiovascular…

AdultNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveySexual BehaviorUrologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPopulation030232 urology & nephrologyDiseaseSexual ActivityLower riskYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyCause of DeathNHANESHumansMedicineMortalityeducationCancerProportional Hazards ModelsReproductive healtheducation.field_of_study030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinebusiness.industryHazard ratioMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysHealth indicatorUnited StatesPsychiatry and Mental healthReproductive MedicineCardiovascular DiseasesObservational studySexual HealthbusinessDemographyThe Journal of Sexual Medicine
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Cysticlean® a highly pac standardized content in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections: an observational, prospective cohort study

2013

Background The present study was aimed at determining the prophylactic efficacy of American cranberry (AC) extract (Cysticlean®) in women with recurrent symptomatic postcoital urinary tract infections (PCUTI), non-consumer of AC extract in the past 3 months before inclusion, and to determine changes in their quality of life (QoL). Methods This was a single center, observational, prospective study in a total of 20 women (mean age 35.2 years; 50.0% were married). Patients were followed up for 3 and 6 months during treatment. Results The number of PCUTIs in the previous 3 months prior to start the treatment with Cysticlean® was 2.8±1.3 and it was reduced to 0.2±0.5 at Month 6 (P<0.0001), which…

AdultQoLmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.drug_classUrinary systemUrologyAntibioticsSingle CenterCohort StudiesYoung AdultQuality of lifeInternal medicineCystitisSecondary PreventionmedicineHumansCranberryPostcoitalProanthocyanidinsProspective StudiesYoung adultProspective cohort studyGynecologyCysticlean®business.industryCoitusBacterial InfectionsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedUrinary tract infectionsUnited StatesAnti-Bacterial AgentsTreatment OutcomeReproductive MedicineSpainDietary SupplementsQuality of LifeFemaleObservational studybusinessResearch ArticleCohort studyBMC Urology
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Immunologic diseases and brain tumors

2010

To do a bibliographic review of the given association of atopic [AD] and immunological diseases with central nerve system tumors [CNST] described a few years ago and to know the knowledge available. It gives an overview of the studies describing this association, and those explaining its mechanism. A negative association of AD with CNST stands out in case-control studies, which is not observed in cohort studies. The greatest association is seen for gliomas and is less significant for meningiomas. A clearer definition for the AD under study, tumour types, and the exact biochemical and clinical parameters to help diagnoses are the recommended as well as to establish an aetiologic and temporal…

AdultRiskPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyImmunologyMEDLINENegative associationBioinformaticsCohort StudiesImmunologic diseasesImmunology and AllergyMedicineAnimalsHumansChildPharmacologyClinical Trials as Topicbusiness.industryMechanism (biology)Brain NeoplasmsCase-control studyImmunityGeneral MedicineUnited StatesEuropeImmune System DiseasesCase-Control StudiesImmunological diseasesCentral nerve systembusinessCohort study
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European perspective on the 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroi…

2018

The American Thyroid Association (ATA) management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are highly influential practice recommendations. The latest revision appeared in 2015 ("ATA 2015"). These guidelines were developed predominantly by North American experts. European experts frequently have different perspectives, given epidemiological, technological/methodological, practice organization, and medicolegal differences between the respective regions.Divergent viewpoints were the focus of an invited symposium organized by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine involving 17 European thyroidologists, four ATA Guidelines Taskforce members, and…

AdultThyroid nodulesendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedizinThyroid Gland030209 endocrinology & metabolismrisk stratificationHealthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18]03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyAll institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical CenterInternal medicineHumansMedicineThyroid NeoplasmsThyroid NoduleguidelinesDisease management (health)differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC)Thyroid cancerAdult patientsbusiness.industrythyroid nodulesPerspective (graphical)Thyroidmedicine.diseaseUnited Statesdifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC); disease management; guidelines; pathology; risk stratification; thyroid nodules; Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; EndocrinologyEuropeDiabetes and Metabolismmedicine.anatomical_structuredisease management030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPractice Guidelines as TopicRisk stratificationpathologybusiness
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Hepatitis B vaccination of relatives of hepatitis B virus DNA positive carriers: an experience with plasma-derived vaccine.

1989

We assessed in a western population the efficacy of a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in relatives of highly infectious hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. A consecutive group of 103 HbsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc negative household relatives of 45 HBV-DNA positive chronic carriers received a 5 micrograms dose of plasma-derived vaccine at 0, 1, 2 and 12 months. Protective levels of immunity developed in 101 subjects (97.8%) 3 months after boosting. Low responders to the vaccine were mostly found among parents and spouses of carriers, whilst offspring and siblings were usually high responders. The main discriminant in predicting a good response was age below 12 years. Hyporesponsiveness did n…

AdultViral Hepatitis VaccinesHBsAgHepatitis B vaccineEpidemiologyPopulationmedicine.disease_causeImmune systemImmunityRisk FactorsMedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryInfant Newbornvirus diseasesInfantHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BVirologyHepatitis B Core Antigensdigestive system diseasesVaccinationImmunologyCarrier StatebusinessDNA ProbesEuropean journal of epidemiology
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Effect of Breast Cancer Treatment on Dietary Vitamin Intake Levels

2020

Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women, representing the second cause of cancer deaths in women. Treatment with chemotherapy negatively interferes with nutritional status. The intake of vitamins before, during and after treatment in a pilot cohort of women with non-invasive breast cancer (type I, II) treated at the Valencian Institute of Oncology (IVO) is evaluated. A 3-day anthropometric and nutritional assessment was performed using the DIAL program. Nutritional intake is compared with the values of Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) and Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialty030309 nutrition & dieteticsHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesislcsh:MedicineNutritional StatusBreast NeoplasmsPilot ProjectsArticleCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerbreast cancerInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumans0303 health sciencesbusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCancerVitaminsAnthropometryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMicronutrientUnited StatesDietDietary Reference IntakeSpain030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRelative riskmicronutrientsCohortFemaleepidemiologybusinessdietInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Topical Issues in Venous Thromboembolism

2010

Despite clear guidelines and the availability of effective treatments, venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains relatively common, particularly in the hospital setting. This paper reviews topical issues in VTE, in terms of treatments, data and guidelines. Existing anticoagulants have several limitations. Bleeding risk is a concern with all anticoagulants. Vitamin K antagonists are the mainstay of oral anticoagulant therapy, but they are limited by the need for frequent monitoring. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is limited by an inconvenient route of administration (continuous intravenous infusion) and a higher risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and bleeding compared with low molecular weigh…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyBlood Loss SurgicalVenographyFondaparinuxRoute of administrationPharmacotherapymedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)DosingChildIntensive care medicineSocieties Medicalmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAnticoagulantsVenous ThromboembolismHeparinmedicine.diseaseUnited StatesClinical trialVenous thrombosisClinical AlarmsPractice Guidelines as TopicDrug Monitoringbusinessmedicine.drugDrugs
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Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus: current practice variations

2015

The treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematous (CLE) remains a challenge. Most of the therapeutic options used in CLE have not been tested in randomized controlled studies and to date no agent has been approved. Therefore, CLE treatment is mostly based on personal experience. To better characterize therapeutic habits among physicians treating CLE patients, a questionnaire-based study about various aspects of topical and systemic treatment for CLE has been performed. The questionnaire was distributed among CLE experts, mostly from Japan, the USA, and Europe. A total of 82 completed questionnaires were assessed. High-potent and potent corticosteroids as well as calcineurin inhibitors were the…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyCalcineurin InhibitorsDiseaseControlled studiesSystemic therapyAntimalarials030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineJapanRheumatologyAdrenal Cortex HormonesSurveys and QuestionnairesLupus Erythematosus CutaneousmedicineHumansPractice Patterns Physicians'Aged030203 arthritis & rheumatologybusiness.industryfungiTreatment optionsMiddle AgedDermatologyUnited StatesEuropeCalcineurinTreatment OutcomeCurrent practiceConcomitantImmunologyCutaneous Lupus ErythematosusbusinessLupus
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Difference in body weight between American and Italian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: influence of the diet.

2003

BACKGROUND The study aim was to determine differences in body mass in two populations of women (USA and Italy) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to assess the effect of diet on body mass and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS Pools of women with PCOS from the USA (n = 343) and Italy (n = 301), seen between 1993 and 2001, were available for assessment. From these populations, 20 women who were seen consecutively in 2001 at each site had detailed analyses of diet and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS In the entire group, American women had a significantly higher body mass compared with Italian women (P < 0.01). Also, the 20 women consecutively evaluated in the USA had a signific…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtySaturated fatBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundInsulin resistanceRisk FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHyperinsulinemiaHumansRisk factorTriglyceridesbusiness.industryCholesterolRehabilitationBody WeightCholesterol HDLFatty AcidsObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.diseaseObesityPolycystic ovaryDietary FatsUnited StatesDietEndocrinologyReproductive MedicinechemistryItalyCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleInsulin ResistancebusinessBody mass indexPolycystic Ovary SyndromeHuman reproduction (Oxford, England)
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