Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

HyperWall: A Hypervisor for Detection and Prevention of Malicious Communication

2020

Malicious programs vary widely in their functionality, from key-logging to disk encryption. However, most malicious programs communicate with their operators, thus revealing themselves to various security tools. The security tools incorporated within an operating system are vulnerable to attacks due to the large attack surface of the operating system kernel and modules. We present a kernel module that demonstrates how kernel-mode access can be used to bypass any security mechanism that is implemented in kernel-mode. External security tools, like firewalls, lack important information about the origin of the intercepted packets, thus their filtering policy is usually insufficient to prevent c…

021110 strategic defence & security studiesSoftware_OPERATINGSYSTEMSNetwork securitybusiness.industryComputer scienceNetwork packet0211 other engineering and technologiesHypervisor02 engineering and technologyAttack surfaceComputer securitycomputer.software_genreOperator (computer programming)Trusted computing baseDisk encryptionKernel (image processing)020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringbusinesscomputer
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Photoexcitation of the P4480 State Induces a Secondary Photocycle That Potentially Desensitizes Channelrhodopsin-2

2018

Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-gated cation channels. In spite of their wide use to activate neurons with light, the photocurrents of ChRs rapidly decay in intensity under both continuous illum...

0301 basic medicine010405 organic chemistryChemistryChannelrhodopsinGeneral Chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesPhotoexcitation03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyColloid and Surface ChemistryBiophysicsJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Monitoring B-cell repopulation after depletion therapy in neurologic patients.

2017

ObjectiveTo determine the factors that influence B-cell repopulation after B-cell depletion therapy in neurologic patients and derive recommendations for monitoring and dosing of patients.MethodsIn this study, we determined the association of body surface area (BSA; calculated by body weight and height with the Dubois formula), sex, pretreatment therapy, age, CSF data, and white blood cell counts with the risk and timing of B-cell repopulation, defined as 1% CD19+ cells (of total lymphocytes), following 87 B cell–depleting anti-CD20 treatment cycles of 45 neurologic patients (28 women; mean age ± SD, 44.5 ± 15.0 years).ResultsPatients with a larger BSA had a higher probability to reach 1% C…

0301 basic medicine40medicine.medical_specialty41132LymphocyteUrologyCD19Article03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineWhite blood cellMedicineDosingAdverse effectB cellBody surface areabiologybusiness.industry14323030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologybiology.proteinRepopulationNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurology(R) neuroimmunologyneuroinflammation
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Therapeutic drug monitoring as a tool to optimize 5-FU-based chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer patients older than 75 years.

2019

Abstract Aims Most clinical trials exclude elderly people, leading to a limited understanding of the benefit-to-risk ratio in this population. Despite existing data regarding the oncological management of elderly receiving fluorouracil (5-FU)-based regimen, our objective was to investigate 5-FU exposure/toxicity relationship in patients ≥75 years and compare the effectiveness of 5-FU therapeutic drug monitoring between elderly and younger patients. Methods Hundred fifty-four patients (31 of whom are older than 75 years) with gastrointestinal cancers, who were to receive 5-FU–based regimens, were included in our study. At cycle 1 (C1), the 5-FU dose was calculated using patient's body surfac…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialty[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]PopulationAntineoplastic Agents03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansGastrointestinal cancereducationAgedGastrointestinal NeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesBody surface areaAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryArea under the curveMiddle Agedmedicine.disease3. Good healthClinical trialRegimen030104 developmental biologyOncologyTolerabilityTherapeutic drug monitoring030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleFluorouracilDrug MonitoringbusinessEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
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Thermosensory mapping of skin wetness sensitivity across the body of young males and females at rest and following maximal incremental running

2019

Key points: Humans lack skin receptors for wetness (i.e. hygroreceptors), yet we present a remarkable wetness sensitivity. Afferent inputs from skin cold-sensitive thermoreceptors are key for sensing wetness; yet, it is unknown whether males and females differ in their wetness sensitivity across their body and whether high intensity exercise modulates this sensitivity. We mapped sensitivity to cold, neutral and warm wetness across five body regions and show that females are more sensitive to skin wetness than males, and that this difference is greater for cold than warm wetness sensitivity. We also show that a single bout of maximal exercise reduced the sensitivity to skin wetness (i.e. hyg…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleHot TemperaturePhysiologyRestSensationPhysiologySensory systemBiologyWetnessRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCutaneous receptorPhysical StimulationSkin Physiological PhenomenaSensationHumansThermosensingSensitivity (control systems)Skin wetnessExerciseSkinBody surface areaSex CharacteristicsFootThermoreceptorsCold Temperature030104 developmental biologyTouch PerceptionTouchThermoreceptorBody regionFemaleSexSkin Temperature030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBody Temperature Regulation
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Netrin-1 receptor antibodies in thymoma-associated neuromyotonia with myasthenia gravis.

2017

Objective:To identify cell-surface antibodies in patients with neuromyotonia and to describe the main clinical implications.Methods:Sera of 3 patients with thymoma-associated neuromyotonia and myasthenia gravis were used to immunoprecipitate and characterize neuronal cell-surface antigens using reported techniques. The clinical significance of antibodies against precipitated proteins was assessed with sera of 98 patients (neuromyotonia 46, myasthenia gravis 52, thymoma 42; 33 of them with overlapping syndromes) and 219 controls (other neurologic diseases, cancer, and healthy volunteers).Results:Immunoprecipitation studies identified 3 targets, including the Netrin-1 receptors DCC (deleted i…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleThymomaNeuromyotoniaDeleted in Colorectal CancerThymomaCell Adhesion Molecules NeuronalNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors Cell SurfaceTransfectionArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAntigenMyasthenia GravismedicineHumansImmunoprecipitationNerve Growth FactorsReceptorMuscle SkeletalNeural Cell Adhesion MoleculesAgedAutoantibodiesbiologybusiness.industryElectromyographyTumor Suppressor ProteinsCalcium-Binding ProteinsAutoantibodyMembrane ProteinsThymus NeoplasmsMiddle AgedNetrin-1medicine.diseaseDCC ReceptorMagnetic Resonance ImagingMyasthenia gravis030104 developmental biologyHEK293 CellsImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleNeurology (clinical)AntibodybusinessNetrin Receptors030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurology
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A novel ultradeformable liposomes of Naringin for anti-inflammatory therapy

2018

[EN] Ultradeformable liposomes were formulated using naringin (NA), a flavanone glycoside, at different concentrations (3, 6 and 9 mg/mL). Nanovesicles were small size (similar to 100 nm), regardless of the NA concentration used, and monodisperse (PI<0.30). All formulations showed a high entrapment efficiency (similar to 88%) and a highly negative zeta potential (around -30 mV). The selected formulations were highly biocompatible as confirmed by in vitro studies using 3T3 fibroblasts. In vitro assay showed that the amounts (%) of NA accumulated in the epidermis (similar to 10%) could explain the anti-inflammatory properties of ultradeformable liposomes. In vivo studies confirmed the higher …

0301 basic medicineAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDermatitis02 engineering and technologyPharmacologyMicechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryZeta potentialSkinLiposomeTransdermal penetrationPellSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFlavanonesPhosphatidylcholinesTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateBetamethasoneFemale0210 nano-technologyFlavanoneBiotechnologymedicine.drugAntiinflamatorisCell Survivalmedicine.drug_classDrug CompoundingSkin AbsorptionAdministration CutaneousIn vivo studiesAnti-inflammatory03 medical and health sciencesIn vivomedicineAnimalsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryNaringinUltradeformable liposomesPhosphatidylethanolaminesLysophosphatidylcholinesFibroblastsIn vitro030104 developmental biologychemistryLiposomesNIH 3T3 CellsAnti-inflammatoryNaringin
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New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

2018

Abstract. Motivated by the need to predict how the Arctic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an interdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013 . (1) Unexpectedly …

0301 basic medicineArctic haze010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences15. Life on landMineral dustAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesSea surface microlayerAerosol03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyDeposition (aerosol physics)Arctic13. Climate actionMelt pondIce nucleusEnvironmental science0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

2018

PubMed: 29599078

0301 basic medicineBIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences.HBsAgPediatricsDelphi TechniqueInfectious Disease TransmissionCHRONIC HBV INFECTION ; NATURAL-HISTORY ; FOLLOW-UP ; HBSAG ; CARRIERS ; AGE ; COUNTRIES ; DISEASE ; ANTIGEN ; COHORTddc:616.07Global Healthmedicine.disease_causeDISEASE0302 clinical medicinePrevalenceHBVChildddc:616Antiviral Agents/therapeutic useeducation.field_of_studyBIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti.Chronic/drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmissionGastroenterologyHepatitis B Surface Antigens/bloodHepatitis BCARRIERSHepatitis B10219 Clinic for Gastroenterology and HepatologyChild Preschool030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyViral hepatitisViral loadCOUNTRIESAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B vaccineANTIGENPopulation610 Medicine & healthAntiviral AgentsMass VaccinationHepatology; Gastroenterology03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicHBSAGAGESDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmedicineHumansCOHORT2715 GastroenterologyPreschooleducationDisease burdenHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryViral VaccinesNATURAL-HISTORYmedicine.diseaseInfectious Disease Transmission VerticalCHRONIC HBV INFECTIONVertical/prevention & control030104 developmental biology2721 HepatologyHuman medicineFOLLOW-UPbusiness
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Structural, ultrastructural, and morphometric study of the zebrafish ocular surface: a model for human corneal diseases?

2018

Purpose: A morphological and morphometric study of the adult zebrafish ocular surface was performed to provide a comprehensive description of its parts and to evaluate its similarity to the human. Materials and Methods: The eyes of adult zebrafish were processed for light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and for immunohistochemical stain of corneal nerves; a morphometric analysis was also performed on several morphological parameters. Results: The corneal epithelium was formed by five layers of cells. No Bowman’s layer could be demonstrated. The stroma consisted of lamellae of different thickness with few keratocytes. The Descemet’s membrane was absent as the flat and polygon…

0301 basic medicineBowman's layer; corneal nerves; Descemet's membrane; ocular surface; Zebrafish; Ophthalmology; Sensory Systems; Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceConjunctivaCorneal StromaBiologycorneal nerveCorneal DiseasesCornea03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineMicroscopy Electron TransmissionCorneamedicineAnimalsHumansTrigeminal NerveBowman MembraneZebrafishDescemet MembraneZebrafishTrigeminal nerveocular surfaceBowman’s layerCorneal DiseasesEndothelium CornealEpithelium CornealDescemet’s membraneEpithelial CellsAnatomybiology.organism_classificationSensory SystemsDescemet's membraneOphthalmology030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureModels Animal030221 ophthalmology & optometryUltrastructureMicroscopy Electron ScanningGoblet CellsBowman MembraneConjunctivaCurrent eye research
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