Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

Pharmacological activation of CB2 receptors counteracts the deleterious effect of ethanol on cell proliferation in the main neurogenic zones of the a…

2015

Chronic alcohol exposure reduces endocannabinoid activity and disrupts adult neurogenesis in rodents, which results in structural and functional alterations. Cannabinoid receptor agonists promote adult neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation. We evaluated the protective effects of the selective CB1 receptor agonist ACEA, the selective CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 and the fatty-acid amide-hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which enhances endocannabinoid receptor activity, on NPC proliferation in rats with forced consumption of ethanol (10%) or sucrose liquid diets for 2 weeks. We performed immunohistochemical and stereological analyses of cells expressing the mitotic phosphorylation of his…

:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Growth and Development::Morphogenesis::Embryonic and Fetal Development::Organogenesis::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]CB1 receptorTubulina (proteína)Cannabinoid receptorCarbamatosEtanol:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nuclear Proteins::Histones [Medical Subject Headings]Ventrículos lateralesSacarosaNeuronasSubgranular zone0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]Histonas:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Receptor cannabinoide CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Phosphorylation [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Cells::Stem Cells::Neural Stem Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neurons [Medical Subject Headings]health care economics and organizations:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Cerebral Ventricles::Lateral Ventricles [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]0303 health sciencesAlcoholismoalcoholConsumo de alcoholNeurogenesis:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype::Genetic Markers [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators::Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists [Medical Subject Headings]Benzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB2 [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid system3. Good healthbromodesoxiuridinaneurogenesisEndocannabinoidesmedicine.anatomical_structure:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]ACEADietaAlcoholFosforilaciónAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyHidrolasasmedicine.drug_classNeurogenesiseducation:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Substance-Related Disorders::Alcohol-Related Disorders::Alcoholism [Medical Subject Headings]Subventricular zoneBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Cerebral Cortex::Hippocampus::Dentate Gyrus [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRatasInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nerve Tissue Proteins::Tubulin [Medical Subject Headings]JWH133medicineGiro dentadolcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyCélulas madre nerviosas:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Dentate gyrusmarcadores genéticosCB2 receptor:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Oligosaccharides::Disaccharides::Sucrose [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Diencephalon::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Alcohols::Ethanol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocrinology:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]nervous system:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHipotálamoNeuroscience
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Deformative Properties of Monotropic Plastic Foams with a Pronounced Strut-Like Strukture

1996

Disertācija angļu valodā, kopsavilkums arī latviešu un vācu valodā.

:TECHNOLOGY::Engineering physics::Material physics with surface physics [Research Subject Categories]Polymer mechanicsSolid state physicsSchaumstoff VerformungenPutuplastiCietvielu mehānikaVerformungenSolid state mechanicsPolimeru mehānikaPlastic foamsPutuplasti - mehāniskās īpašībasDeformations
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Approche nutritionnelle de la thérapie du syndrome de l'œil sec : prévention par les acides gras polyinsaturés

2008

Dry eye disease affects 15% of the population over the age of 65. It is characterized mainly by inflammation of the ocular surface (tear film, conjunctiva and cornea) which represents a relevant target for therapeutic strategies. The side effects and long-term intolerance of anti-inflammatory drugs give rise to an increasing interest for dietary components exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In these studies, we developed a scopolamine-induced dry eye model in the rat that mimics changes occurring in Humans suffering from moderate dry eye. We described the time course of clinical signs, inflammation and mucin production loss. We investigated…

ALIMENTATIONPOLYUNSATURED FATTY ACIDSSYNDROME DE l'OEIL SECSURFACE OCULAIRE[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringOCULAR SURFACEPROSTAGLNADINES[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringACIDES GRAS POLYINSATURESDIETINFLAMMATIONPROSTAGLANDINS[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringDRY EYE DISEASE
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Monte Carlo simulations of the solid-liquid transition in hard spheres and colloid-polymer mixtures

2010

Monte Carlo simulations at constant pressure are performed to study coexistence and interfacial properties of the liquid-solid transition in hard spheres and in colloid-polymer mixtures. The latter system is described as a one-component Asakura-Oosawa (AO) model where the polymer's degrees of freedom are incorporated via an attractive part in the effective potential for the colloid-colloid interactions. For the considered AO model, the polymer reservoir packing fraction is eta_p^r=0.1 and the colloid-polymer size ratio is q=sigma_p/\sigma=0.15 (with sigma_p and sigma the diameter of polymers and colloids, respectively). Inhomogeneous solid-liquid systems are prepared by placing the solid fc…

ANISOTROPIC SURFACE-TENSIONMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCAPILLARY WAVESAtomic packing factorCOMPUTER-SIMULATIONVAPOR INTERFACE3-DIMENSIONAL ISING-MODELColloidsymbols.namesakePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCOEXISTING PHASESchemistry.chemical_classificationCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceINTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGYPROFILESHard spheresPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCRYSTAL-MELT INTERFACESBoltzmann constantsymbolsCRYSTALLIZATIONThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Stabilized Naked Sub-nanometric Cu Clusters within a Polymeric Film Catalyze C-N, C-C, C-O, C-S, and C-P Bond-Forming Reactions

2015

[EN] Sub-nanometric Cu clusters formed by endogenous reduction of Cu salts and Cu nanoparticles are active and selective catalysts for C−N, C−C, C−O, C−S, and C−P bond-forming reactions. Sub-nanometric Cu clusters have also been generated within a polymeric film and stored with full stability for months. In this way, they are ready to be used on demand and maintain high activity (TONs up to 104 ) and selectivity for the above reactions. A potential mechanism for the formation of the sub-nanometric clusters and their electronic nature is presented.

ARYL HALIDESTECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOSDIAMINE LIGANDSULLMANNHeterogeneous catalysisBiochemistryCatalysisCoupling reactionCatalysisMECHANISMSColloid and Surface ChemistryQUIMICA ORGANICAOn demandPolymer chemistryOxidationHigh activityOrganic chemistryPotential mechanismTEMPERATURECu nanoparticlesChemistryGeneral ChemistryHETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISCROSS-COUPLING REACTIONSGOLD CLUSTERSSelectivityCOPPER CLUSTERS
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Low temperature rate coefficients of the H + CH+ → C+ + H2 reaction: New potential energy surface and time-independent quantum scattering

2015

The observed abundances of the methylidyne cation, CH(+), in diffuse molecular clouds can be two orders of magnitude higher than the prediction of the standard gas-phase models which, in turn, predict rather well the abundances of neutral CH. It is therefore necessary to investigate all the possible formation and destruction processes of CH(+) in the interstellar medium with the most abundant species H, H2, and e(-). In this work, we address the destruction process of CH(+) by hydrogen abstraction. We report a new calculation of the low temperature rate coefficients for the abstraction reaction, using accurate time-independent quantum scattering and a new high-level ab initio global potenti…

Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryScatteringPotential energy surfaceThermochemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsReactivity (chemistry)Scattering theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsPotential energyThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Theoretical study of the NH tautomerism in free base porphyrin

1997

Abstract The NH tautomerism of free base porphyrin is investigated at the semiempirical spin-unrestricted AM1 (UAM1) and ab initio RHF/3-21G levels. The UAM1 method provides delocalized geometries for all stationary structures without imposing any symmetry constraint. RHF/3-21G geometry optimizations have to be performed under symmetry restrictions to ensure that realistic delocalized structures are obtained. Both the semiempirical and the ab initio calculations predict that the interconversion between trans tautomers proceeds in an asynchronous two-step process via intermediate cis tautomers. The cis tautomers are characterized as minima in the potential energy surface and are 8–10 kcal m…

Ab initioFree baseActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryPorphyrinTautomerchemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronchemistryComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPotential energy surfacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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The Coordination of Uranyl in Water: A Combined Quantum Chemical and Molecular Simulation Study

2005

The coordination environment of uranyl in water has been studied using a combined quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics approach. Multiconfigurational wave function calculations have been performed to generate pair potentials between uranyl and water. The quantum chemically determined energies have been used to fit parameters in a polarizable force field with an added charge transfer term. Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed for the uranyl ion and up to 400 water molecules. The results show a uranyl ion with five water molecules coordinated in the equatorial plane. The U-O(H(2)O) distance is 2.40 A, which is close to the experimental estimates. A second coordination shell…

Ab initioMolecular simulationBiochemistryCatalysisIonMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryComputer SimulationPhysics::Chemical PhysicsQuantum chemicalHydrogen bondSolvationWaterGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineUranylSolvation shellchemistryModels ChemicalChemical physicsddc:540Quantum TheoryUranium
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Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of the Reactions of the Nitrate Radical with Haloalkenes:  1,2-Dichloroethene, 1,1-Dichloroethene, Trichloroethene, …

2000

A general mechanism for the reactions of the NO3 radical with 1,2-dichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethene, trichloroethene, and tetrachloroethene is proposed from ab initio DFT calculations. The calculated mechanism shows three main parallel reaction pathways. For the systems where the two carbon atoms are differently substituted, the study includes both the attacks with Markownikoff and contra-Markownikoff orientation. The first reaction pathway leads to the formation of an epoxide along with the NO2 radical, the second one to the formation of carbonyl compounds, and the third one leads, through the cleavage of the C−C bond, to the formation of carbonyl compounds with a lower number of carbon a…

Ab initiochemistry.chemical_elementEpoxidePhotochemistry12-Dichloroethene11-Dichloroethenechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryPotential energy surfaceDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCarbonBasis setThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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The mammary pheromone of the rabbit: from where does it come?

2005

Newborn rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, are directed to their mother's nipples by specialized odour cues. Previous investigations have suggested that these cues are released from the doe's abdominal surface from structures located around the nipple. We tested pups with samples of various cutaneous tissues or fluids collected from lactating females to determine the location of the source of the odour cues. After finding that the nipples from lactating does were more attractive than those of virgin females, we conducted three experiments using skin samples collected at increasing distance from the nipples, dermal and mammary tissues taken below the nipples, and milk collected at different lev…

Abdominal surfacemedicine.medical_specialtyMammary glandPhysiologyBiologyChemical communicationNipple epidermisEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureLactationInternal medicinemedicinePheromoneAnimal Science and ZoologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAnimal Behaviour
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