Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

Untersuchungen zur Ursache der Entstehung von “Extended Chain”-Kristallen des Polyäthylens

1969

Als Mechanismus fur die Bildung von “extended chain”-Kristallen bei der Kristallisation von Polyathylen unter hohen Drucken ist vorgeschlagen worden, das sich zunachst Kristallite mit gefalteten Ketten bilden sollen, die sich dann infolge des Dickenwachstum zu Kristallen mit gestreckten Ketten umwandeln. Um diese Deutung zu uberprufen, wurden Polyathylen-Einkristalle und orientierte Polyathylenproben bei Drucken zwischen 1 und 4200 atm und bei Temperaturen zwischen 115 °C und 220 °C getempert. Die Proben wurden mit Hilfe der Rontgenkleinwinkelstreuung, der Elektronenmikroskopie und der Differential-Thermoanalyse untersucht. In keinem Fall konnte ein Hinweis auf eine Umwandlung zu “extended …

PhysicsColloid and Surface ChemistryPolymers and PlasticsStereochemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryKolloid-Zeitschrift und Zeitschrift für Polymere
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Density functional study of alkali-metal atoms and monolayers on graphite (0001)

2007

Alkali metal atoms (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), dimers and (2$\times$2) monolayers on a graphite (0001) surface have been studied using density functional theory, pseudopotentials, and a periodic substrate. The adatoms bind at the hollow site (graphite hexagon), with Li lying closest to (1.84 ��) and Cs farthest (3.75 ��) from the surface. The adsorption energies range between $0.55-1.21$ eV, and the energy ordering of the alkali adatoms is Li$>$Cs$\ge$Rb$\ge$K$>$Na. The small diffusion barriers (0.02-0.21 eV for the C-C bridge) decrease as the atom size increases, indicating a flat potential energy surface. The formation (cohesion) energies of (2$\times$2) monolayers range between 0.55-0.81 …

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceGrapheneMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesCharge densityCondensed Matter PhysicsAlkali metalElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionAtomic orbitallawAtomPotential energy surfaceMonolayerDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsPhysical Review B
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Evidence of charge-carrier compensation effects inLa0.67Ca0.33MnO3

1998

We report on detailed Hall-effect measurements of thin films of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.33}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ above and below the metal-insulator transition. In the metallic ferromagnetic regime, we find a temperature-independent holelike nominal charge-carrier density ${n}_{h}^{*}=1.3$ per unit cell, consistent with a partly compensated Fermi surface. The mobility is only 92 ${\mathrm{mm}}^{2}/\mathrm{V}\mathrm{}\mathrm{s}$ at 4 K, and decreases with increasing temperature. Huge negative magnetoresistivity results from an increase in mobility. In low magnetic fields or at high temperatures, an anomalous electronlike contribution dominates the Hall voltage. For possible side …

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsFerromagnetismHall effectThermal Hall effectQuantum oscillationsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCharge carrierFermi surfaceElectronMagnetic fieldPhysical Review B
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Electronic structure studies ofBaFe2As2by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

2009

We report high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies of the electronic structure of ${\text{BaFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$, which is one of the parent compounds of the Fe-pnictide superconductors. ARPES measurements have been performed at 20 and 300 K, corresponding to the orthorhombic antiferromagnetic phase and the tetragonal paramagnetic phase, respectively. Photon energies between 30 and 175 eV and polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the scattering plane have been used. Measurements of the Fermi surface yield two hole pockets at the $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ point and an electron pocket at each of the $X$ points. The topology of the pockets has been conclu…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsPhotoemission spectroscopyInverse photoemission spectroscopyFermi levelAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyFermi surfaceElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitysymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectronic band structurePseudogapPhysical Review B
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Orbital origin and matrix element effects in the Ag/Si(111)-()R30° Fermi surface

2007

The Fermi surface (FS) of the Ag/Si(1 1 1)-3×3 reconstruction with an excess of Ag has been mapped by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy with polarized light in a wide region of the reciprocal space and with different detection geometries. In contrast to previous results, a strong polarization dependence is observed. Applying the dipole selection rules, it is found that the surface state at the Fermi level, S1 state, has odd symmetry with respect to the mirror plane of the honeycomb-chained triangle structure, indicating that it is mainly derived from Ag 5px and 5py orbitals. This conclusion is revised in the new frame of a inequivalent-triangle structure for the Ag/Si(1 1 1)-3×3 at …

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSiliconFermi levelchemistry.chemical_elementAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyFermi surfaceSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Surfaces Coatings and FilmsReciprocal latticeDipolesymbols.namesakechemistryAtomic orbitalMaterials ChemistrysymbolsSurface Science
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Mie plasmon in polyhedral metal clusters

1995

We study the dependence of the classical plasmon frequency on the symmetry of the metal cluster and show that all clusters with at least two three-fold axes have the same plasmon frequency as the spherical cluster, ωp/√3. In these cases the effect of the geometry will only appear in the spill-out correction and in other quantum mechanical corrections.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSurface plasmonPhysics::OpticsSurface plasmon polaritonMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Metalvisual_artCluster (physics)visual_art.visual_art_mediumQuantumPlasmonLocalized surface plasmonZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
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Fluorescence relaxation in the near-field of a mesoscopic metallic particle : distance dependence and role of plasmon modes

2008

International audience; We analytically and numerically analyze the fluorescence decay rate of a quantum emitter placed in the vicinity of a spherical metallic particle of mesoscopic size (i.e with dimensions comparable to the emission wavelength). We discuss the efficiency of the radiative decay rate and non–radiative coupling to the particle as well as their distance dependence. The electromagnetic coupling mechanisms between the emitter and the particle are investigated by analyzing the role of the plasmon modes and their nature (dipole, multipole or interface mode). We demonstrate that near-field coupling can be expressed in a simple form verifying the optical theorem for each particle …

PhysicsCouplingMesoscopic physicsbusiness.industrySurface plasmonNear and far field02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010309 opticsDipoleOptics0103 physical sciencesParticle[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessMultipole expansionPlasmonSINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE SPHERICAL SURFACES DECAY RATES
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Quasi-classical Physics Within Quantum Criticality in HF Compounds

2014

In this chapter, we explore how the fermion condensation paves the road for quasi-classical physics in HF compounds. This means simply that systems with FC admit partly the quasi-classical description of their thermodynamic and transport properties. This, in turn, simplifies a lot not only of their description but permits to gain more insights both in the puzzling NFL physics of HF compounds and of the physics of FC itself. The quasi-classical physics starts to be applicable near FCQPT, at which FC generates flat bands and quantum criticality, and makes the density of electron states in strongly correlated metals diverge. As we shall see, due to the formation of flat bands the strongly corr…

PhysicsCriticalityCondensed matter physicsChemical physicsQuantum critical pointFermi surfaceFermionElectronZero soundClassical physicsQuantum
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Focal squeeze in axicons

2005

The on-axis irradiance distribution of a truncated conical wavefront is evaluated in terms of the Fresnel number of the focusing geometry. In agreement with geometrical optics, a focal line of increasing intensity is generated for extremely high Fresnel numbers. Otherwise clear deviations may be observed for the position of the maximum irradiance along the optical axis. A remarkable focal squeeze appears and, for decreasing Fresnel numbers, this effect manifests stronger. An analytical formula is provided for the fast evaluation of the focal squeeze.

PhysicsDiffractionWavefrontGeometrical opticsbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsFresnel lensConical surfaceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOptical axisOpticslawPosition (vector)Fresnel numberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessOptics Communications
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The influence of the solvent's mass on the location of the dividing surface for a model Hamiltonian

2019

The Transition State dividing surface is a key concept, not only for the precise calculation of the rate constant of a reaction, but also for the proper prediction of product ratios. The correct location of this surface is defined by the requirement that reactive trajectories do not recross it. In the case of reactions in solution the solvent plays an important role in the location of the dividing surface. In this paper we show with the aid of a model Hamiltonian that the effective mass of the solvent can dramatically change the location of the dividing surface. Keywords: Dynamical systems, Dividing surface, Reactions in solution, 2019 MSC: 00-01, 99-00

PhysicsDynamical systems theoryMathematical analysisSolvationlcsh:QD450-801General Physics and Astronomylcsh:Physical and theoretical chemistryDividing surfaceSurface reactionSistemes dinàmics diferenciablesChemical reactionlcsh:QC1-999Reactions in solutionSolventsymbols.namesakeReaction rate constantEffective mass (solid-state physics)Dynamical systemssymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)lcsh:PhysicsFisicoquímica
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