Search results for " symmetry"

showing 10 items of 701 documents

Mass measurements on stable nuclides in the rare-earth region with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer RIGA-TRAP

2011

The masses of 15 stable nuclides in the rare-earth region have been measured with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer TRIGA-TRAP. This is the first series of absolute mass measurements linking these nuclides to the atomic-mass standard $^{12}\mathrm{C}$. Previously, nuclear reaction studies almost exclusively determined the literature values of these masses in the Atomic-Mass Evaluation. The TRIGA-TRAP results show deviations on the order of 3--4 standard deviations from the latest published values of the Atomic-Mass Evaluation 2003 for some cases. However, the binding-energy differences that are important for nuclear structure studies have been confirmed and improved. The new masses are dis…

Nuclear reactionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsBinding energyRESONANCE NEUTRON-CAPTURE[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Mass spectrometryNUCLEAR-STRUCTURE01 natural sciencesBeta-decay stable isobarsNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesNuclidePhysics::Atomic PhysicsSU(4) SYMMETRY010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentSEPARATION ENERGIESPhysicsIsotopeCARBON CLUSTERS010308 nuclear & particles physicsCarbon-12ISOSPIN SYMMETRYRAMSEY METHODGAMMAPenning trapISOTOPESATOMIC MASS
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A crucial role of adamantanoid Cu(II) complexes in the redox systems: CuCl–diallylsulfoxide–O2 and CuCl2–diallylsulfide–O2

2014

Abstract The hypothetically reversible [Cu(I)(diallylsulfoxide)] ↔ O 2 [Cu(II)(diallylsulfide)] system was examined by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is stated that the Cu4OCl6 body centered adamantanoid cages, appearing at both the substrate and product sites, act as a template to promote the oxidation of diallylsulfide to diallylsulfoxide or Cu(I) to Cu(II), thus making the reaction irreversible. Each of these two adamantanoid cores possesses a different point symmetry as well as self assembly mode to form two polymorphs of the [Cu4OCl6(diallylsulfoxide)4] complex. Their polymorphic relationships based on the symmetry homology S4 ← Td → C3, as well as the distortion in the Cu…

O-body centered adamantanoid cagestructural homologyDiallylsulfideChemistryPoint symmetrydiallylsulfide oxidationRedoxpolymorphismInorganic ChemistryStructural homologyCrystallographyPolymorphism (materials science)Materials ChemistrySelf-assemblyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyCoordination geometryPolyhedron
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Mixed Probabilistic-Guaranteed Optimal Design

2009

This chapter deals with the mixed probabilistic-guaranteed approach to optimal design of quasi-brittle membrane shells. Special attention is devoted to different problem formulations and analytical methods for their solution. Optimal thickness distributions are presented for various axisymmetric membrane shells. The presentation follows research results of [BRS03b].

Optimal designComputer scienceProblem FormulationsProbabilistic logicRotational symmetryApplied mathematicsStress intensity factor
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Endogenous R&D Symmetry in Linear Duopoly with One-way Spillovers

2005

A duopoly model of cost reducing R&D-Cournot market competition is extended to encompass endogenous timing of R&D investments. Under the assumption that R&D spillovers are zero under simultaneous choices of R&D and only flow from the R&D leader to the follower under sequential choices, sequential and simultaneous play at the R&D stage are compared in order to assess the role of technological externalities in stimulating or attenuating endogenous firm asymmetry. The only timing structure of the R&D stage sustainable as subgame–perfect Nash equilibrium involves simultaneous play and thus zero spillovers.

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEconomics and EconometricsStackelberg equilibriumEndogenous timingmedia_common.quotation_subjectjel:D43Settore SECS-P/06 - Economia ApplicataAsymmetryCompetition (economics)Microeconomicssymbols.namesakeStrategic investmentR&D with spillovers Firm AsymmetryStackelberg competitionEconomicsDuopolymedia_commonjel:C72Endogenous symmetryendogenous symmetry endogenous timing Stackelberg equilibriumjel:L11Nash equilibriumjel:L13symbolsendogenous timing stackelberg equilibriumSymmetry (geometry)Mathematical economicsSSRN Electronic Journal
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Jacob's disease secondary to coronoid process osteochondroma. A case report

2010

The formation of a new joint between a pathologically elongated coronoid process and the body of the malar homolateral bone is known as Jacob's disease. Coronoid process hyperplasia was first described in 1853 by Von Langenbeck, and it was not until 1899 when Oscar Jacob described the disease that it was named after him. Jacobs's disease is an uncommon entity with only a few documented cases in the literature. The condition first manifests with progressive limitation of mouth opening and facial asymmetry. Pain is uncommon and it mainly affects young patients. Different factors have been postulated as possible causes, including temporal muscle hyperactivity, previous trauma, chronic disc dis…

Osteochondromamedicine.medical_specialtyOsteochondromaTemporal musclemedicineHumansGeneral DentistrySynovial capsuleZygomabusiness.industryCartilageAnatomyHyperplasiaMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseTemporomandibular jointSurgeryMandibular Neoplasmsmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryHistopathologyFemalebusinessFacial symmetry
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Theoretical morphology of tetrapod skull networks

2014

Abstract Network models of the tetrapod skull in which nodes represent bones and links represent sutures have recently offered new insights into the structural constraints underlying the evolutionary reduction of bone number in the tetrapod skull, known as Williston's Law. Here, we have built null network model-derived generative morphospaces of the tetrapod skull using random, preferential attachment, and geometric proximity growth rules. Our results indicate that geometric proximity is the best null model to explain the disparity of skull structures under two structural constraints: bilateral symmetry and presence of unpaired bones. The analysis of the temporal occupation of this morphosp…

PaleontologySkullmedicine.anatomical_structureNull modelEvolutionary biologyNull (mathematics)General EngineeringTetrapod (structure)medicineBilateral symmetryBiologyPreferential attachmentTheoretical morphologyComptes Rendus Palevol
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SPECIAL SPLINES OF HYPERBOLIC TYPE FOR THE SOLUTIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 3-D PROBLEMS IN POROUS MULTI-LAYERED AXIAL SYMMETRY DOMAIN

2017

In this paper we study the problem of the diffusion of one substance through the pores of a porous multi layered material which may absorb and immobilize some of the diffusing substances with the evolution or absorption of heat. As an example we consider circular cross section wood-block with two layers in the radial direction. We consider the transfer of heat process. We derive the system of two partial differential equations (PDEs) - one expressing the rate of change of concentration of water vapour in the air spaces and the other - the rate of change of temperature in every layer. The approximation of corresponding initial boundary value problem of the system of PDEs is based on the cons…

Partial differential equationMathematical analysisaveraging method010103 numerical & computational mathematics3D porous axial symmetry domain01 natural sciencesDomain (mathematical analysis)010101 applied mathematicsCross section (physics)special splinesModeling and SimulationOrdinary differential equationHeat transferQA1-939Initial value problemBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsAxial symmetryMathematicsAnalysisMathematicsMathematical Modelling and Analysis
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Case in favor of the N*(1700)(3/2(-))

2013

Using an interaction extracted from the local hidden-gauge Lagrangians, which brings together vector and pseudoscalar mesons, and the coupled channels rho N (s wave), pi N (d wave), pi Delta (s wave), and pi Delta (d wave), we look in the region ofv root s = 1400-1850 MeV and find two resonances dynamically generated by the interaction of these channels, which are naturally associated to N*(1520)(3/2(-)) and N*(1700)(3/2(-)). N*(1700)(3/2(-)) appears neatly as a pole in the complex plane. The free parameters of the theory are chosen to fit the pi N (d-wave) data. Both the real and imaginary parts of the pi N amplitude vanish in our approach in the vicinity of this resonance, which is simila…

Partial-wave análisisPi-nIsobar-modelGauge bosonElectroproductionResonancesAmplitudesTransitionHidden local symmetryDynamics
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A model for dark matter, naturalness and a complete gauge unification

2015

We consider dark matter in a minimal extension of the Standard Model (SM) which breaks electroweak symmetry dynamically and leads to a complete unification of the SM and technicolor coupling constants. The unification scale is determined to be $M_{\rm U} \approx 2.2 \times 10^{15}$ GeV and the unified coupling $\alpha_{\rm U} \approx 0.0304$. Moreover, unification strongly suggest that the technicolor sector of the model must become strong at the scale of ${\cal O}$(TeV). The model also contains a tightly constrained sector of mixing neutral fields stabilized by a discrete symmetry. We find the lightest of these states can be DM with a mass in the range $m_{\rm DM} \approx 30-800$ GeV. We f…

Particle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Dark matterFOS: Physical sciencesTechnicolorParameter space01 natural sciences7. Clean energyStandard ModelHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCoupling constantPhysicsdark matter theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsdark matter experimentsElectroweak interactionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyAstronomy and AstrophysicsCoupling (probability)High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyparticle physics - cosmology connectionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDiscrete symmetryAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: Investigating the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

2012

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich heavy-ions systems at intermediate energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear Equation Of State (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI la…

Particle physicsHistoryQC1-999Nuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesand isobaric spin 24.10.Pa Thermal and statistical models[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]EducationNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)nuclear physics; heavy-ions; symmetry energy; Au+Au collisionsNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicssezelePhysicsOrder (ring theory)Nuclear equation of stateObservableNuclear Experiment; Nuclear Experiment21.65.-f Nuclear matter 27.80.+w 190(less-than-or-equal-to)A(less-than-or-equal-to)219 24.60.-k Statistical theory and fluctuations 25.75.Gz Particle correlations and fluctuations 21.10.Hw SpinSymmetry (physics)Term (time)Computer Science ApplicationsparityNuclear reactionsSaturation (chemistry)NucleonEnergy (signal processing)
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