Search results for " vivo"

Release of Inflammatory Mediators (PGE2, IL-6) by Fenofibric Acid-Photosensitized Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts

1998

Ultraviolet-A radiation has weak effects on the release of inflammatory mediators by skin cells due to the poor overlap between UVA wavelengths and the absorption spectra of the relevant chromophores of key biomole-cules. However, this situation could be very different in the presence of a photosensitizing drug. To investigate this issue, we have irradiated human skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) in the presence of fenofibric acid (the active phototoxic metabolite of fenofibrate). The results of this research show a dual effect on the production/release of inflammatory mediators: the synthesis of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 becomes strongly inhibited at photosensitiz…

Intertissue Flow of Glutathione (GSH) as a Tumor Growth-promoting Mechanism

2011

B16 melanoma F10 (B16-F10) cells with high glutathione (GSH) content show high metastatic activity in vivo. An intertissue flow of GSH, where the liver is the main reservoir, can increase GSH content in metastatic cells and promote their growth. We have studied here possible tumor-derived molecular signals that could activate GSH release from hepatocytes. GSH efflux increases in hepatocytes isolated from mice bearing liver or lung metastases, thus suggesting a systemic mechanism. Fractionation of serum-free conditioned medium from cultured B16-F10 cells and monoclonal antibody-induced neutralization techniques facilitated identification of interleukin (IL)-6 as a tumor-derived molecule prom…

Organometallic complexes with biological molecues, part 3.in vivo cytotoxicity of diorganotin (IV) chloro and triorganotin (IV) chloro derivatives of…

1994

In order to obtain a continuous source of mitotic metaphases, gill tissue of Aphaius fasciatus (Pisces, Cyprinodontiformes) has been successfully employed. Results gathered after exposure of fish to R2SnClpenG, R3SnClpenGNa, to the parents R2SnCl2, R3SnCl and to penGNa (penGNa = penicillinGNa; R = methyl, butyl and phenyl) suggest that both the parent organotin (IV) chloride and organotin (IV) chloropenG derivatives are toxic while penGNa exerts no significant toxic activity. Essentially, all of the chromosome abnormalities are classifiable as irregularly staining of chromosomes, breakages, side-arm bridges or pseudochiasmata.

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Activity of Boswellic Acids from Frankincense (Boswellia serrata Roxb. et Colebr, B. carterii Birdw.)

2011

Novel Developments on Artemisinin and Its Derivatives for Cancer Therapy

2009

The lack of effective long-term anticancer therapy highlights the necessity to identify new potent anticancer compounds. Many biocompounds of naturally occurring medicinal plants have pharmacological activities and, thus, represent a source of molecules that may have anti-proliferative effects on a variety of cancers. During the past 10 years, we have systematically analyzed medicinal plants used in traditional Chinese medicine and focused our interest on Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood herb). The active principle of sweet wormwood herb is Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene, which exerts not only anti-malarial activity but also profound cytotoxicity against tumour cells. The anti-tumour mechanism…

Role of P-Glycoprotein for Resistance of Tumors to Anticancer Drugs: From Bench to Bedside

2014

Success of cancer chemotherapy is limited by simultaneous resistance towards many anticancer drugs making clinical combination therapy protocols less efficient. P-glycoprotein represents an efflux pump of the ABC transporter family, which recognizes and extrudes anticancer drugs of diverse chemical classes and biochemical functions. The P-glycoprotein-mediated profile of cross-resistance has been termed multidrug resistance (MDR). In our investigations, we focused on MDR of in vivo tumor lines maintained in mice. The development of in vivo resistance towards anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) in L1210 and S180 ascites tumor lines was accompanied with decreased uptake and increased e…

OZONE THERAPY: MECHANISMS OF ACTION, RECENT LITERATURE AND NEWLY DISCOVERED BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS

2018

Ozone therapy is widely used in many countries since many years. Recently, the increasing widespread of this complementary therapy has been accomplished by an increased number of basic and clinic papers published on international journals. This lecture will deal on the first approach by a pharmacological point of view in the aim to characterize the mechanisms activated at sub-cellular level by ozone when used for medical and beauty application at low graded doses. The first theory was based upon the fact that the exposure to low, non-toxic, ozone concentrations could increase the efficacy of the endogenous antioxidant system by increasing the production or the activity of some enzymes exert…

Ibrutinib Abrogates TREM-1 Mediated Neutrophil Activation

2016

Abstract Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an activating receptor on neutrophils (PMN) and important in the innate host defence against microbial pathogens. Here we examined the influence of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib on TREM-1 dependent activation of human PMNs. Firstly, ibrutinib specifically inhibited TREM-1 mediated PMN activation of the oxidative burst and CD62L shedding, whereas TLR mediated activation remained unaffected. Correspondingly, ibrutinib suppressed ERK phosphorylation after TREM-1, but not after TLR ligation. To clarify whether this TREM-1 specific effect of ibrutinib was also relevant in vivo, we treated mice with ibrut…

Neutralizing human antibodies against CD55 and CD59 targeted to lymphoma cells in vivo potentiate the therapeutic effect of Rituximab

2007

Organometallic complexes with biological molecules: XIII. Organotin(IV)[meso-tetra (4-carboxyphenyl)porphinate]s and the cell cycle: a flow-cytometri…

1999

The cytotoxic derivatives diorganotin(IV) and triorganotin(IV) [meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphinates, with stoichiometries [R2Sn]2TPPC and [R3Sn]4TPPC [R = Me, Bu, Ph; TPPC4−­= meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphinate4−], namely bis[dimethyltin(IV)], bis[dibutyltin(IV)], bis[diphenyltin(IV)], tetra[trimethyltin(IV)], tetra[tributyltin(IV)] and tetra[triphenyltin(IV)] [meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphinate]s, have been used to investigate their effects on the cultured human kidney cell cycle in order to understand further the origin of cell-growth inhibition induced by the above-mentioned chemicals. The cell-cycle-dependent DNA content distribution of cultured cells exposed to these compounds…