Search results for "Écologie microbienne"

Mapping spatial patterns of denitrifiers at large scale

2010

Little information is available regarding the landscape-scale distribution of microbial communities and its environmental determinants. Here we combined molecular approaches and geostatistical modeling to explore spatial patterns of the denitrifying community at large scales. The distribution of denitrifrying community was investigated over 107 sites in Burgundy, a 31 500 km2 region of France, using a 16 X 16 km sampling grid. At each sampling site, the abundances of denitrifiers and 42 soil physico-chemical properties were measured. The relative contributions of land use, spatial distance, climatic conditions, time and soil physico-chemical properties to the denitrifier spatial distributio…

Primary succession changes diversity, abundance and function of soil microorganisms across glacier forelands

2010

Scale, spatial pattern and metagenomic

2009

Caractérisation moléculaire des populations microbiennes des sols de la réserve de Sancy par extraction d'ADN et PCR quantitative

2014

Rapport de stage de 2ème année de BTS EA (Plateforme) SPE (Mélanie) GenoSol

Study and modelling of the impacts of agricultural practices on the abundance of soil microbial communities: dynamics at the landscape scale

2022

Soil Microbial communities play a major role in soil fertility and are important as bioindicators to evaluate the impacts of agricultural practices on soils. The challenge is to promote their use in order to support / accelerate innovation in the agricultural sector. The goal of this thesis was to characterize spatial and temporal dynamics of soil microbialcommunities at the scale of an agricultural landscape in order to create models and propose a Decision Support Instrument (DSI) for stakeholders in the agricultural communities. For this, a multi-disciplinary approach was used combining microbial ecology, environment assessment, spatial computer modeling, associated to a participatory app…

Assessment of the impact of the cultivation of different cultivars of maize, including Bt-maize varieties, on soil- and plant-associated microbial an…

2008

communication orale invitée; We will present a synthesis of the results of our study aiming at evaluating the impact of the cultivation of different maize genotypes (Monumental, DKC3420, DK315, DKC5143, DKC5783) and of corresponding Bt-maize genotypes tolerant to the pyrale production (Mon810, TXP138-F, DKc3946, DK5018, DKc5783Bt), on soil microflora. This analysis has been conducted on three compartments: the soil, the rhizosphere (defined as the soil in contact with the root) and the root (colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).This study has been performed in a greenhouse experiment settled to estimate the impact produced by the cultivation of the different maize genotypes on: (i)…

Linking N2O concentrations in different soil depths to denitrification genes abundances under the influence of an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrat…

2007

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil N2O reducing bacteria and their importance for mitigating N2O emissions

2016

EABIOmECT3; Arable soils are a major source of nitrous oxide (N2O). The only known sink in Earth’s biosphere is the reduction of N2O to N2 via the N2O reductase encoded by the nosZ gene, identified as nosZ clade I and II. The nosZI gene is mainly found among denitrifying bacteria, whereas >50% of microorganisms with nosZII lack other denitrification genes. The abundance and phylogenetic diversity of nosZII was previously shown to correlate with a soils N2O sink capacity. To provide a proof of principle, we manipulated 11 indigenous soil microbial communities by increasing the abundance of a non-denitrifying N2O-reducing strain capable of growth with N2O as the only electron acceptor. Conseq…

Écologie microbienne du cycle du carbone

2007

Changes in gene expression during adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes to the soil environment

2011

project SEST 009; International audience; Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen responsible for listeriosis. In order to study the processes underlying its ability to adapt to the soil environment, whole-genome arrays were used to analyse transcriptome modifications 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 18 h after inoculation of L. monocytogenes EGD-e in soil extracts. Growth was observed within the first day of incubation and large numbers were still detected in soil extract and soil microcosms one year after the start of the experiment. Major transcriptional reprofiling was observed. Nutrient acquisition mechanisms (phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems and…