Search results for "Éléments"
showing 9 items of 19 documents
Loin des yeux, loin du stéréotype ? ou Les liens entre un stéréotype lexical et les éléments figés faisant intervenir ce mot
2011
In this paper, a study of the links between the lexical stereotype of a word and the idioms containing this same word is proposed. French idioms related to the words œil/ yeux and oreille(s) [(eye(s) and ear(s)] enrich the original stereotype associated to these words, mainly through two strategies: either the idioms indicate that the stereotype is not confirmed; either they indicate that it is highly verified, in an exceptional way or degree. The study of the equivalent Spanish idioms confirms this working, as well as the nature and number of the strategies implied.
Representations of the world and elementary symbolism
2013
Confronting different philosophical, religious and literary pieces of work, this thesis studies the concept of representation through the use of the four elements: Air, Earth, Water and Fire. Through the similar notions of participation, analogy, fold or flesh which bring up the question of relationship between body and soul, we realize that the representation, or staging, is an obvious way to understand this relationship, and is also, paradoxically, a way for the subject to put a distance between himself and the world. How can we understand this "presence-absence" ambivalence? In order to do it we have to question the relationship between objectivity and subjectivity and furthermore the on…
Study of fatigue behavior of plant fiber reinforced composites : taking into account the variability of properties
2012
The present study focuses on the characterization and comparison of the quasi-static and fatigue properties of flax and glass fibre reinforced composites with an epoxy matrix. An extensive experimental campaign of fatigue tests have been performed using the measured quasi-static tension and in plane-shear properties. It appears that the static and fatigue characteristics of the glass/epoxy composites are higher than that of flax/epoxy ones with similar fibre volume fraction and lay-ups. However, due to the low density of flax reinforcements, the differences between the specific properties of the two materials are low. The measurement of the evolution of the fatigue properties has highlighte…
Fonctionnalisation de surfaces métalliques par des couches minces d'oxynitrures de titane obtenues par irradiation laser sous atmosphère contrôlée et…
2013
The technological advances in areas such as automotive and aerospace industries require materials capable of withstanding demanding conditions. Surface treatments are effective tools to improve the surface properties of materials while preserving their bulk properties. Besides many conventional processes, laser treatments are efficient methods for hardening and increasing the durability of materials. This work is focused on the growth of titanium oxynitride surface layers by laser irradiation of pure titanium plates with nanosecond pulsed sources. The influence of the laser treatment conditions on the composition and the structure of these surface layers was studied. In particular, for lase…
Etude de la variable fiscale comme facteur de contingence dans la reconnaissance des immobilisations incorporelles
1999
International audience; En pratique, la rubrique "immobilisations incorporelles" pèse peu lourd dans le bilan des comptes sociaux des entreprises françaises. L'un des facteurs explicatifs peut être l'existence de liens théoriques entre la comptabilité et la fiscalité; cette existence conduit, en effet, à une pratique fiscalo-comptable des entreprises en matière de choix comptables ou d'amortissement du fonds de commerce. Cette influence de la variable fiscale sur le traitement comptable des éléments incorporels pose d'ailleurs problème dans le cadre du processus de normalisation internationale.
Sur la prise en compte de quelques conditions aux limites avec la méthode des éléments finis
2017
Ce cours a pour principal sujet la discrétisation de certaines conditions limites sur le bord d'un domaine à l'aide de la méthode des éléments finis. Nous étudions en particulier des problèmes elliptiques avec conditions de Dirichlet non-homogènes, puis avec conditions de Signorini. Les conditions de Signorini sont des conditions de contact unilatéral entre un solide et un support rigide. Différentes méthodes sont passées en revue, et nous détaillons l'analyse pour les méthodes classiques et celle de Nitsche.
Ecophysiological and molecular processes involved in water stress memory in pea: from gene expression regulation to plant hydromineral nutrition
2022
Climate change induces increasingly frequent periods of water deficits during the crop cycle. These periods of water stress negatively impact the plant, notably by limiting the availability of resources (water, mineral elements) and by limiting carbon fixation by the plant. In this context, several studies highlighted the beneficial effect of “priming” of a first stress on the response to a second stress by the induction of a transcriptional memory. This memory depends on epigenetic modifications implemented during the first stress. These modifications can regulate the expression of genes known as “memory genes” which have been characterized in the aerial parts of Arabidospsis and maize. Ho…
HHT-alpha and predictor-corrector scheme for dynamic contact problem by Nitsche's method
2022
Dans ce travail nous sommes intéressés par le problème de contact unilatéral en dynamique et sans frottement. Nous nous concentrons sur l'évolution en temps de l'impact d'un corps élastique linéaire sur un obstacle rigide, et avons souhaité en particulier étudier comment combiner des schémas en temps comme HHT et prédicteur-correcteur avec un traitement du contact via Nitsche, ce qui n'a jamais été effectué auparavant. Nous présenterons aussi quelques résultats numériques en faisant attention au comportement numérique : stabilité du schéma, conservation ou non de l'énergie et oscillations parasites. Mots clés-problème de contact, méthode de Nitsche, éléments finis, dynamique.
Contribution to the modeling of microstructural corrosion on aluminium alloys : definition of a methodology to study the bimetallic corrosion phenome…
2008
The initiation and the propagation of aluminum alloys microstructural corrosion is mainly based on the bimetallic corrosion phenomenon. This type of corrosion is caused by galvanic coupling at a local scale between the different phases contained in the alloy. The description of the localized corrosion phenomenon has been largely studied. Their complexity can explain why they are so difficult to predict by the way of numerical tools and why the works that have been done on this subject are so scarce. The present thesis brings a new contribution to this field by suggesting a methodology based on the complementary use of local electrochemical techniques and the finite element simulation of bim…