Search results for "épidémiologie"
showing 10 items of 271 documents
Physical Activity, Incidence, and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Multicohort Study.
2022
Contains fulltext : 249581.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of physical activity (PA) on the incidence or progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the general population. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. METHODS: We included 14,630 adults with no or early AMD at baseline from 7 population-based studies and examined associations of PA with AMD incidence and progression using multistate models (MSM) per study and subsequent random effects meta-analysis. Age effects were assessed using meta-regression. The main outcome measure was the hazard ratio (HR) for incident early or progression to late AMD. RESULTS: At ba…
Éducation thérapeutique structurée par les pairs éducateurs dans le diabète de type 2 au Mali
2016
International audience; Les pays en développement sont confrontés à des ressources financières et humaines limitées, malgré les besoins importants et les défis de santé multiples. Plus de 75% des personnes atteintes de diabète dans le monde vivent dans des pays en développement. En Afrique, le nombre de personnes atteintes de diabète devrait doubler dans les 30 prochaines années.Les défis à relever pour offrir une éducation visant à permettre aux personnes souffrant d'une condition chronique de la gérer eux-mêmes se situent à trois niveaux : les patients, les prestataires de soins, et les systèmes de santé.Au Mali, après le développement de capacités de prise en charge des patients diabétiq…
Macular pigment change during eye ageing : analysis from population based study, Montrachet study
2018
Given the limits of the literature on the environmental nutritional impact in ocular aging witch is partially due to the lack of data in general population notably in French elderly, first, we were interested in the relationships of diet, plasma xanthophylls and macular pigment optical density as well as its spatial distribution and second of plasma fatty acids and dry eye disease signs in the 1153 Montrachet study participants.Firstly, we reported the high consumption of squash, the high plasma lutein and zeaxanthin levels and also the high plasma lutein level, the high macular pigment optical density level in nonsmokers subjects. In addition, the macular pigment values we provided in the …
Impact of bacterial probiotics on obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related variables: a systematic review and meta-analysis of…
2019
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effect of oral intake of bacterial probiotics on 15 variables related to obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, EMBASE and COCHRANE from 1990 to June 2018.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (≥14 days) excluding hypercholesterolaemia, alcoholic liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome and children <3 years.ResultsOne hundred and five articles met inclusion criteria, representing 6826 subjects. In overweight but not obese subjects, probiotics induced improvements in: body weight (k=25 trials, d=−0.94 kg mean difference, 95% CI −1.17 to −0.70, I²=0.0%), body ma…
Predicting dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana using climate indicators
2016
Background Dengue fever epidemic dynamics are driven by complex interactions between hosts, vectors and viruses. Associations between climate and dengue have been studied around the world, but the results have shown that the impact of the climate can vary widely from one study site to another. In French Guiana, climate-based models are not available to assist in developing an early warning system. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using oceanic and atmospheric conditions to help predict dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana. Methodology/Principal Findings Lagged correlations and composite analyses were performed to identify the climatic conditions that characterized a typical e…
MTHFR 677C → T genotype modulates the effect of a 5-year supplementation with B-vitamins on homocysteine concentration: The SU.FOL.OM3 randomized con…
2018
Aims To study how MTHFR 677C→T genotype modulates the effect of supplementation with B-vitamins on total homocysteine (tHcy) and B-vitamin concentrations. Methods 2381 patients with a personal history of cardiovascular disease were randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) B-vitamins alone (560 μg of 5-methyl-THF, 3 mg of vitamin B6 and 20 μg of vitamin B12), 2) n-3 fatty acids alone (600 mg of EPA and DHA in a 2:1 ratio), 3) B-vitamins and n-3 fatty acids, and 4) placebo. Participants were followed up for 4.7 years. At baseline and annually thereafter, biological parameters were assessed. Multivariate and linear mixed models were fit to study the interaction between B-vitamins and MTHFR …
Atmospheric dust, early cases, and localized meningitis epidemics in the African meningitis belt: an analysis using high spatial resolution data.
2018
8 pages; International audience; Background : Bacterial meningitis causes a high burden of disease in the African meningitis belt, with regular seasonal hyperendemicity and sporadic short, but intense, localized epidemics during the late dry season occurring at a small spatial scale [i.e., below the district level, in individual health centers (HCs)]. In addition, epidemic waves with larger geographic extent occur every 7–10 y. Although atmospheric dust load is thought to be an essential factor for hyperendemicity, its role for localized epidemics remains hypothetic.Objectives : Our goal was to evaluate the association of localized meningitis epidemics in HC catchment areas with the dust lo…
Analyse économique des essais cliniques internationaux en cancérologie
2018
International audience; In oncology, as in other fields of medicine, international multicentre clinical trials came into being so as to include a sufficient number of subjects to investigate a clinical situation. The existence of tight budgetary constraints and the desire to make the best use of the resources available have resulted in the development of economic evaluations associated with these trials, which, thanks to their level of evidence and their size, provide particularly relevant material. Nonetheless, economic evaluations alongside international clinical trials raise specific questions of methodology with regard to both the design and the analysis of the results. Indeed, the cost…
Expertise préalable à la création d’un tableau de maladie professionnelle ou à l’élaboration de recommandations aux comités régionaux de reconnaissan…
2022
L’amiante est classé en tant que substance cancérogène avérée pour l’humain (groupe 1 du Centre International de Recherche sur la Cancer (CIRC)) depuis les années 70 pour le poumon et la plèvre. La monographie sur l’amiante actualisée en 2012 indique que des preuves suffisantes sont maintenant disponibles pour démontrer le lien entre l’exposition à l’amiante et les cancers du larynx et de l'ovaire. Dans cette monographie, les cancers du pharynx, de l’estomac et les cancers colorectaux sont considérés comme possiblement liés à une exposition à l’amiante, mais avec un niveau de preuve limité.A ce jour, seuls les cancers broncho-pulmonaires provoqués par l'inhalation de poussières d'amiante [t…
Genome-wide association analysis in dilated cardiomyopathy reveals two new players in systolic heart failure on chromosomes 3p25.1 and 22q11.23
2021
Abstract Aims Our objective was to better understand the genetic bases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a leading cause of systolic heart failure. Methods and results We conducted the largest genome-wide association study performed so far in DCM, with 2719 cases and 4440 controls in the discovery population. We identified and replicated two new DCM-associated loci on chromosome 3p25.1 [lead single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs62232870, P = 8.7 × 10−11 and 7.7 × 10−4 in the discovery and replication steps, respectively] and chromosome 22q11.23 (lead SNP rs7284877, P = 3.3 × 10−8 and 1.4 × 10−3 in the discovery and replication steps, respectively), while confirming two previously identif…