Search results for "κ"
showing 10 items of 173 documents
PIAS1 and STAT-3 impair the tumoricidal potential of IFN-γ-stimulated mouse dendritic cells generated with IL-15
2014
Primarily defined by their antigen-presenting property, dendritic cells (DCs) are being implemented as cancer vaccines in immunotherapeutic interventions. DCs can also function as direct tumor cell killers. How DC cytotoxic activity can be efficiently harnessed and the mechanisms controlling this nonconventional property are not fully understood. We report here that the tumoricidal potential of mouse DCs generated from myeloid precursors with GM-CSF and IL-15 (IL-15 DCs) can be triggered with the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand lipopolysaccharide to a similar extent compared with that of their counterparts, conventionally generated with IL-4 (IL-4 DCs). The mechanism of tumor cell killing…
Anti-inflammatory properties of lemon-derived extracellular vesicles are achieved through the inhibition of ERK/NF-κB signalling pathways
2022
Chronic inflammation is associated with the occurrence of several diseases. However, the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs prompt the identification of new therapeutic strategies. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) are gaining increasing interest in the scientific community for their biological properties. We isolated PDEVs from the juice of Citrus limon L. (LEVs) and characterized their flavonoid, limonoid and lipid contents through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS). To investigate whether LEVs have a protective role on the inflammatory process, murine a…
Role of NF-kappaB in immune and inflammatory responses in the gut.
1998
NF-kappaB is a pleiotropic transcription factor with key functions in the intestinal immune system. NF-kappaB family members control transcriptional activity of various promoters of proinflammatory cytokines, cell surface receptors, transcription factors, and adhesion molecules that are involved in intestinal inflammation. The perpetuated activation of NF-kappaB in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease suggests that regulation of NF-kappaB activity is a very attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Such strategies include antioxidants, proteasome inhibitors, inhibition of NF-kappaB by adenoviral I kappaB alpha expression vectors, and antisense DNA targeting of NF-kappaB. Th…
Document Word Clouds: Visualising Web Documents as Tag Clouds to Aid Users in Relevance Decisions
2009
Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενο Information Retrieval systems spend a great effort on determining the significant terms in a document. When, instead, a user is looking at a document he cannot benefit from such information. He has to read the text to understand which words are important. In this paper we take a look at the idea of enhancing the perception of web documents with visualisation techniques borrowed from the tag clouds of Web 2.0. Highlighting the important words in a document by using a larger font size allows to get a quick impression of the relevant concepts in a text. As this process does not depend on a user query it can also be used for explorative search. A user study showed, th…
The herpesviral antagonist m152 reveals differential activation of STING ‐dependent IRF and NF ‐κB signaling and STING 's dual role during MCMV infec…
2019
Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are master manipulators of the host immune response. Here, we reveal that the murine CMV (MCMV) protein m152 specifically targets the type I interferon (IFN) response by binding to stimulator of interferon genes (STING), thereby delaying its trafficking to the Golgi compartment from where STING initiates type I IFN signaling. Infection with an MCMV lacking m152 induced elevated type I IFN responses and this leads to reduced viral transcript levels both in vitro and in vivo This effect is ameliorated in the absence of STING Interestingly, while m152 inhibits STING-mediated IRF signaling, it did not affect STING-mediated NF-κB signaling. Analysis of how m152 targets S…
Effects of Flavonoids on Cancer, Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of NF-κB Signaling Pathway
2023
Flavonoids are polyphenolic phytochemical compounds found in many plants, fruits, vegetables, and leaves. They have a multitude of medicinal applications due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic properties. Furthermore, they also have neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects. Their biological properties depend on the chemical structure of flavonoids, their mechanism of action, and their bioavailability. The beneficial effects of flavonoids have been proven for a variety of diseases. In the last few years, it is demonstrated that the effects of flavonoids are mediated by inhibiting the NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-κB) pathway. In this review, we have summar…
A Combination of Celecoxib and Glucosamine Sulfate Has Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects: Results from an In Vitro Study on Human Osteo…
2021
This study investigated the possible anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of a combination of celecoxib and prescription-grade glucosamine sulfate (GS) in human osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes and their possible mechanism of action. Chondrocytes were treated with celecoxib (1.85 µM) and GS (9 µM), alone or in combination with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) and a specific nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor (BAY-11-7082, 1 µM). Gene expression and release of some pro-inflammatory mediators, metalloproteinases (MMPs), and type II collagen (Col2a1) were evaluated by qRT-PCR and ELISA
Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters
2019
Abstract The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). In pure water, the intrinsic viscosity amounts to 48 dL·g−1. In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g−1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. In 0.1 M Cs…
Resealing of large transmembrane pores produced by streptolysin O in nucleated cells is accompanied by NF‐κB activation and downstream events
2001
Streptolysin O (SLO), archetype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial cytolysin, forms large pores in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. We have recently reported that when a limited number of pores are generated in a cell, they can be sealed in a Ca++-dependent process. Here, we show that resealing is followed by the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from keratinocytes and from endothelial cells, both relevant targets for SLO attack. Production of cytokines by these cells was preceded by activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB, which thus emerges as a common denominator of stress responses to various pore-forming agents, including alpha-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus and compleme…
NF-κB and STAT3 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy in Psoriasis: In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of BTH
2013
Benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl-3-bromo-5-hydroxy-5H-furan-2-one (BTH) is a simple and interesting synthetic derivative of petrosaspongiolide M, a natural compound isolated from a sea sponge with demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In the present study, we report the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effect of BTH on some parameters related to the innate and adaptive response in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. BTH inhibited the release of some of the key psoriatic cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α, IL-8, IL-6, and CCL27 through the downregulation of NF-κB in normal human keratinocytes. Moreover, it impaired signal transducers and…