Search results for "050401 social sciences methods"
showing 10 items of 191 documents
Self-Other Differentiation Scale: Dimensionality, IRT Parameterization, and Measurement Invariance
2018
The Self-Other Differentiation Scale (Olver, Aries, & Batgos, 1989) is a self-report instrument assessing the experience of a separate sense of self from others. The authors aimed to examine its dimensionality, reliability, and measurement invariance across gender. It was completed by 348 participants (48% men) from 17 to 30 years old in Study 1, 348 participants (40% men) from 18 to 28 years old in Study 2, and 1,068 participants (49% men) from 17 to 28 years old in Study 3. The results supported the hypothesis of just one factor underlying the scale; they also showed an appropriate internal consistency and a partial measurement invariance across gender. Results also showed evidence fo…
Do aging employees benefit from self-regulative strategies? : A follow-up study
2020
SOC-strategies (selection, optimization, and compensation) are crucial for well-being and adaptation throughout the life course. The workforce is aging rapidly, thus the age-conditional premises of SOC theory require attention. This study explored (1) whether older employees used SOC strategies more often (compared to younger employees), and (2) whether older employees benefited more from SOC strategies in relation to occupational well-being (job burnout, work engagement). The study was based on follow-up data including three occupational subsamples of different age (N = 1,020). There were no significant age-conditional differences in the take-up of SOC strategies. However, older (white-col…
The impact of theatrical experiences on young adults in Spain
2018
This study examines how young adults experience theatre and how this activity impacts their personal development. A total of 305 subjects, between 14 and 29 years old, completed the 'Theatre and me' (T&Y) battery of questions. Correlation and variance analysis were conducted considering age and gender. Older subjects reported that participating in drama activities has a greater impact on their lives, helps them to have a greater proclivity to take risks and to be more open-minded. With respect to gender, girls score higher than boys in 'Tolerance to RiskTaking and Commitment', 'Identity and Consciousness', Expression of Feeling' and 'Escape'
International Education Studies: Increasing Their Linguistic Comparability by Developing Judgmental Reviews
2012
In international education studies, the different-language test versions need to be equally difficult to read and answer for the test to be valid. To ensure comparability, several quality control procedures have been developed. Among these, surprisingly little attention has been paid to judgmental reviews and their ability to identify language-related sources of bias. Also, the reviews have often failed in identifying biases. This paper explored whether it is possible to improve the ability of judgmental reviews to identify language-related sources of bias. A new review was made of two Finnish items which in the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2000 reading test showed …
Calibration and Validation
2016
The aim of this chapter is to summarise the problems incurred during the phases of calibrating and validating the extortion racket models used by the GLODERS project. The chapter starts with the discussion of the data availability and summarises shortly the contents of Sect. 4.3. It continues with a discussion of what parameterisation, calibration, sensitivity analysis and validation have to do with each other and ends up with a discussion of the validity of the GLODERS models.
Modifying the family process in two cases of physical child abuse and secondary functional encopresis
1998
In this article, a treatment working model is proposed and applied to two cases of multiproblem families with severe physical child abuse. Stimulus events that directly affect the likelihood of a physically abusive episode and setting factors that play an important indirect role because they increase the number of confrontations and decrease parental competence are considered. The child abuse cases involved major parenting deficits, maternal psychopathology, a major psychosomatic problem (childhood encopresis), and symptoms of childhood conduct disorder, which occurred in a setting of family distress, low income, and sibling distress. This study demonstrates how a two-phase comprehensive p…
Attitude strength moderates adverse effects to questionnaire design
2018
The presentation and visual design of the “don’t know” category in rating scales on respondents’ behavior may have ambivalent effects. The hypothesis is that attitude strength toward the topic infl...
Computational Modelling of Public Policy: Reflections on Practice
2018
Computational models are increasingly being used to assist in developing, implementing and evaluating public policy. This paper reports on the experience of the authors in designing and using computational models of public policy (‘policy models’, for short). The paper considers the role of computational models in policy making, and some of the challenges that need to be overcome if policy models are to make an effective contribution. It suggests that policy models can have an important place in the policy process because they could allow policy makers to experiment in a virtual world, and have many advantages compared with randomised control trials and policy pilots. The paper then summari…
Introducing Continuous Time Meta-Analysis (CoTiMA)
2019
Meta-analysis of panel data is uniquely suited to uncovering phenomena that develop over time, but extant approaches are limited. There is no straightforward means of aggregating findings of primary panel studies that use different time lags and different numbers of waves. We introduce continuous time meta-analysis (CoTiMA) as a parameter-based approach to meta-analysis of cross-lagged panel correlation matrices. CoTiMA enables aggregation of studies using two or more waves even if there are varying time lags within and between studies. CoTiMA thus provides meta-analytic estimates of cross-lagged effects for a given time lag regardless of the frequency with which that time lag is used in p…
The Elephant in the Machine: Proposing a New Metric of Data Reliability and its Application to a Medical Case to Assess Classification Reliability
2020
In this paper, we present and discuss a novel reliability metric to quantify the extent a ground truth, generated in multi-rater settings, as a reliable basis for the training and validation of machine learning predictive models. To define this metric, three dimensions are taken into account: agreement (that is, how much a group of raters mutually agree on a single case)