Search results for "0601 history and archaeology"
showing 10 items of 699 documents
Notes on the historical vocabulary of neuroanatomy
1995
Why do Helvétius' writings matter? Rousseau's Notes sur De l'esprit
2016
International audience; De l’esprit was read and commented on by Rousseau, Diderot, and Voltaire, in 1758. So was De l’homme when it appeared posthumously in 1773. We will go into this series of books, marginalia, and refutations, to address the question: what exactly was widely discussed between the three authors during the 1750s? Is it ‘materialism’? Our first point is to interpret the potential distortions, re-workings or re-appropriations in Rousseau’s marginalia, known as Notes sur De l’esprit, especially here about the so-called theory of passive judgement. We will then see that there certainly is, in the discussion between Rousseau and Helvétius, a real opposition on the question of…
Deskilling and decline in skill premium during the age of sail : Swedish and Finnish seamen, 1751–1913
2016
The study examines the evolution of skill premium and share at industry level in shipping during the age of sail. We argue that the period from the 1750s to the 1910s represented deskilling for the seamen working in sailing ships. The growth of international trade and shipping during the first era of globalization increased the overall demand for sailors but decreased the relative demand for skilled labor in favor of less skilled ones. This deskilling was associated with a decline in wage inequality, as the premium for high skilled seamen fell relative to mean wages in the shipping industry. The decline in skill premium may have facilitated the growth of trade and shipping, as the relative …
Complex adaptative systems and computational simulation in Archaeology
2017
Traditionally the concept of ‘complexity’ is used as a synonym for ‘complex society’, i.e., human groups with characteristics such as urbanism, inequalities, and hierarchy. The introduction of Nonlinear Systems and Complex Adaptive Systems to the discipline of archaeology has nuanced this concept. This theoretical turn has led to the rise of modelling as a method of analysis of historical processes. This work has a twofold objective: to present the theoretical current characterized by generative thinking in archaeology and to present a concrete application of agent-based modelling to an archaeological problem: the dispersal of the first ceramic production in the western Mediterranean.
Numerical and analytical analysis of a monopile-supported offshore wind turbine under ship impacts
2021
Abstract Offshore wind turbines in the vicinity of ship traffic are exposed to increased risks of ship collisions. To better understand the impact mechanism, this paper evaluates the dynamic responses of a monopile-supported wind turbine under ship impacts, using both numerical and analytical methods. The nonlinear finite element method is applied during the numerical simulations, and the wind load effects, soil conditions, and rigid and deformable ship bows are considered. The analytical approach, originally developed based on the energy method, is extended here to address the damping effects of monopile-supported wind turbines. In the case study, the impacts are studied between a 4600-ton…
Old wine in new wineskins? Understanding the cooperative movement: Catalonia, 1860-1939
2020
Different factors have been proposed to explain why in some regions there is a greater tendency to form cooperatives. The debate remains open. In this study, we look at the spread of cooperativism within Catalonia from 1860 to 1939. Catalonia was not just the leading industrial region in Spain but also where cooperatives first emerged and had a greater presence. In line with the existing evidence, we find that cooperativism spread from coastal municipalities to the hinterland. In particular, it seems that local conditions (literacy and social capital) facilitated this process, while accessibility to the transport network and neighbouring effects also played a significant role. This work was…
The Development and Promotion of Controlled Designations of Origin (Appellations d’Origine Contrôlées) in Burgundy: The Recognition of Terroir Wines …
2019
From the end of the nineteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century, French, and especially Burgundian vineyards will undergo profound changes with a relatively important transformation of wine production and marketing standards. Indeed, in the nineteenth century, the wine merchants are dominating the wine production in Burgundy. They buy grapes, make wines, breed and sell all the wines put on the market. However, thanks to economic and political changes affecting the sector during the last third of the nineteenth century (phylloxera crisis, overproduction, fraud, Third Republic,..), a political, legal and commercial fight led by winegrowers trade unions begins. They stick to …
French Parliamentary Discourse, 1789–1914
2016
International audience; ...
Un réexamen du modèle de gains de Mincer
1986
A re-appraisal of mincer's earnings model Starting from rough measures of formal schooling and on the job training, the earning model proposed by J. Mincer (1974) suceed to explain a substantial proportion of the variance of individual earning. The explanatory power of the model can be significantly boosted by increasing the quality of the variables. In spite of the robustness of the model, the interpretation of the results is to be taken cautiously. These results can be derived from alternative theoretical hypothesis and namely to the one known as the filter hypothesis. It is shown that a specification of the earnings function consistent with the filter hypothesis is proced to be empirical…
La spiritualité des officiers royaux au début du XVIe siècle : Antoine Robert, bourgeois de Paris et secrétaire du roi de Louis XI à François Ier
1977
Antoine Robert, clerk of the high judicial court in Paris during the reign of Francis 1st, was one of the oldest royal secretaries when he died in 1521, on September. He is known to have given all his personnal assets and properties to the benedictin convent of the Blancs-Manteaux in Paris. His religious behaviour can be studied through three documents relating to his will, foundation and inheritance. So Antoine Robert, rather a rich and well educated laic seems to corroborate the weight of ideas which were brought from Flanders into France by the " Frères de la vie commune " and developped during the Reformation. The biblical and ancient authors' quotations contained in his will show that …