Search results for "19th"

The short die young: the interrelationship between stature and longevity-evidence from skeletal remains.

2005

It has long been observed that tall people display longer life spans. The current data were employed to verify this association within the bioarchaeological context. To this end, stature and its association with age-at-death were analyzed in a pooled sample of 2,923 skeletons. Height was estimated from proxy indicators based on the maximum length of the humerus, radius, femur, and tibia. Stature estimation followed the procedure outlined by Pearson ([1899] Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [A] 192:169-244), incorporating minor modifications by Rosing ([ 1988] Handbuch der vergleichenden Biologie des Menschen; Stuttgart: Gustave Fischer, p 586-600). Individual age estimates were classified into t…

From Illusion to Reality: A Brief History of Robotic Surgery.

2018

Purpose. Robotic surgery is currently employed for many surgical procedures, yielding interesting results. Methods. We performed an historical review of robots and robotic surgery evaluating some critical phases of its evolution, analyzing its impact on our life and the steps completed that gave the robotics its current popularity. Results. The origins of robotics can be traced back to Greek mythology. Different aspects of robotics have been explored by some of the greatest inventors like Leonardo da Vinci, Pierre Jaquet-Droz, and Wolfgang Von-Kempelen. Advances in many fields of science made possible the development of advanced surgical robots. Over 3000 da Vinci robotic platforms are ins…

Karnawalizacja górniczego świętowania

2019

Autorka w artykule przywołuje opisy sposobów obchodzenia dnia św. Barbary, patronki górników, począwszy od XIX wieku do czasów współczesnych. Analizując obyczaj w tak długim czasie, mogła prześledzić proces przemian zachodzących w strategii świętowania tej uroczystości. Na odnotowywane przeobrażenia wpływały różne czynniki w zależności od okresu w dziejach regionu. W dobie pruskiej o pojawiających się nowych wariantach tego święta decydowały dwa czynniki. Z jednej strony, z powodu kryzysu kultury, jaki przeżywał industrialny, zurbanizowany świat tej doby, prowadzący do rozpadu społeczności tradycyjnych, środowiska robotnicze zaczęły otwierać się na tani sentymentalizm, powierzchowność w doś…

Magic and Witchcraft in Their Everyday Context : Childhood Memories from the Nineteenth-century Finnish Countryside

2015

National identity, national music and popular music in the Italian Music Press during the long 19th century

2011

Discusses the notions of national identity, national music and popular music as they emerged in Italian music periodicals during the years 1840–1890, in relation to the process of Italy’s political unification and the dissemination of foreign operas such as French grands opéras in the years 1840–1870 and Wagner’s Musikdramen from 1871 on. Essays and articles by relevant critics and musicians, such as Abramo Basevi and Francesco D’Arcais are discussed. Articles by lesser known journalists such as Pietro Cominazzi and Mattia Cipollone are also taken into account. The use of words like “national” and “popular” is analysed when referring to Italian opera, to its history and to the operas by for…

La posició dels lletraferits renaixencistes valencians davant els postulats de la filologia romànica sobre el valencià

2017

Aquest treball analitza la reacció dels erudits i escriptors valencians davant els postulats de la filologia romànica sobre el català entre els anys 1858 i 1906, agrupant-los segons les seues respostes al tema del nom i de la identitat filològica del català. A més, tractem de relacionar les posicions d'aquests valencians amb el conjunt del moviment reinaixencista i amb la consciència de comunitat lingüística compartida amb catalans, balears i nordcatalans. A partir de la meitat del Vuitcents els romanistes germànics funden la filologia romànica i constaten que el català és el nom de la llengua pròpia dels territoris de llengua catalana, diferent de l'occità i sense res a veure amb el llemos…

Experiencing and Encountering Impoverishment in Nineteenth-Century Finland

2017

Abstract The nineteenth century in Finland was characterized by significant societal changes. Since 1809 a Grand Duchy of imperial Russia, Finland began to transform from an early modern society of estates to a modern civic society. The end of the nineteenth century was characterized by significant economic growth. Despite this general development, for many people this era signaled impoverishment and downward mobility that affected even the next generations. A fresh look at the economic threats on various societal layers is called for. In this theme issue we are concerned with socially varying dimensions of destitution, its manifestations, and the ways in which it was experienced and repell…

A parasitoloxia e a doutrina do contáxio animado: a helmintiase e a sarna na España do século XIX

1990

Les explicacions parasitològiques del contagi eren tant teòriques com observacionals. La triquinosi, la sarna i la helmintiasi van ser exemples primerencs que van demostrar un contagi viu. A principis del segle XIX, en la medicina espanyola, igual que en la medicina europea, es rebutjava el contagi animat excepte en el cas d'alguns paràsits animals com la sarna. En uns altres, com en la helmintiasi intestinal, s'acceptava el seu origen viu, però no la seua contagiositat, i es defensava la seua generació espontània fins a ben entrat el segle XIX. En el “Diccionari de Ciències Mèdiques”, l'estudi dels cucs és quasi exclusivament morfològic i es defensa com a causa de la seua presència en l'ho…

Nuorten miesten kirjeitse ohjailemat seurustelusuhteet 1800-luvun lopun sisäsuomalaisella maaseudulla

2014

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan 1800-luvun Keuruun käräjäkunnassa, sisäsuomalaisella maaseudulla eläneiden nuorten miesten ja naisten seurustelusuhteiden kehittymistä kohti avioliittoa ja sitä, kuinka tälle tielle alkoi kasautua ongelmia. Tutkimuksen ensisijaisena lähdeaineistona ovat miesten seurustelusuhteiden aikana kumppaneilleen lähettämät intiimit yksityiskirjeet (12 kappaletta), jotka naiset olivat tuoneet aviottoman lapsen elatusoikeudenkäynteihin todisteeksi suhteen aikaisesta seksuaalisesta kanssakäymisestä. Artikkeli sijoittuu kansanihmisten kirjoittamia tekstejä tarkastelevaan monitieteiseen historiantutkimuksen alaan. Artikkelissa esitetään, että kirjeet kirjoittaneet miehet pyrkivä…

"The Dutch Legacy in the Indonesian Parliament"

2013

th century; Parliamentary procedure Abstract The Indonesian parliament, the DPR, today presents its similar characteristics as the Dutch parliament in the 19 th century. The historical trajectories show that when establishing the core of the parliament institution, the founding fathers copied what the colonial government had been practiced, and maintained during the authoritarian regime in Indonesia, accordingly the Dutch legacy lingered. Consequently, in the wave of democratic era, after the fall of the authoritarian president, the same institution should have adapted itself into a more democratic institution, but remained weak due to its outdated characteristics. This paper shows the hist…