Search results for "19th"
showing 10 items of 188 documents
History repeating itself: Arnaud's case of pathological déjà vu.
2017
International audience; We present a translation of Arnaud's (1896) case report of Patient Louis, a case he describes as having a pathological form of déjà vu. Louis has the delusional belief that the present moment is a repetition of an exact same previous event. Arnaud's paper is critical for two reasons. Firstly, it is amongst the first articles in the scientific literature to describe the déjà vu experience using the term 'déjà vu'. Secondly, the case report of someone with delusional and persistent déjà vu, anticipates recently reported cases with similar symptoms, which are beginning to gain interest as a particular form of memory disorder. We offer a contemporary analysis of Louis an…
Yersinia pestis DNA from Skeletal Remains from the 6th Century AD Reveals Insights into Justinianic Plague
2013
Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of the disease plague, has been implicated in three historical pandemics. These include the third pandemic of the 19th and 20th centuries, during which plague was spread around the world, and the second pandemic of the 14th–17th centuries, which included the infamous epidemic known as the Black Death. Previous studies have confirmed that Y. pestis caused these two more recent pandemics. However, a highly spirited debate still continues as to whether Y. pestis caused the so-called Justinianic Plague of the 6th–8th centuries AD. By analyzing ancient DNA in two independent ancient DNA laboratories, we confirmed unambiguously the presence of Y. pestis DNA in…
Tales of healthy men: Male reproductive bodies in biomedicine from ‘Lebensborn’ to sperm banks
2012
Using the example of ‘sperm tales’, borne out of the biomedical technologies that went hand in hand with the establishment of the ‘science of man’ (andrology), the article engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical theories and concepts of what constitutes a ‘healthy’ reproductive male body. The article asks: how has the normative ideal male body been either perpetuated or interrogated through these tales of male reproduction at the interface between scientific and medical technologies? And how were changes to the normalization of male bodies central to clinical practices and cultural understandings of health and illness? With many aspects of the medical history of male…
Nel silenzio di Manet
2017
The absence of instruments and players in the famous “Musique aux Tuileries” (1862) of Édouard Manet, where he represents himself and his own entourage, remains an unsolved problem. On the one hand, the article offers a possible solution of this oddness considering the lack of interest on music in the context of the repertoire. On the other hand, from an aesthetic point of view, the exclusion of musicians from the scene could be explained through the fall of the “aura”. Whatever it may be, the rejection of music marks a separation between the primitive concept of mass music, i.e., the classical repertoire played at the garden of Tuileries, and the future avant-garde.
Maupassants Erzählung ‚La Petite Roque‘: Verschobene Innensichten vor dem Gattungshintergrund der Cause Célèbre
2017
Interdiscplinary analysis of Maupassant's short story "La Petite Roque" in the context of 19th and early 20th century crime literature (causes célèbres). The article focuses on questions of subjectivity, desire and respresentation.
History and services of culture collections.
2003
Microbial culture collections aim at collecting, maintaining and distributing microbial strains among microbiologists, and are considered to be a means to preserve microbial diversity ex situ. This article reviews the early history of culture collections, which were first set up in the late nineteenth century, with the introduction of pure culture techniques. It also describes the international connections between culture collections, which led to the foundation of the World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC) and the International Congress of Culture Collections (ICCC). An overview of the Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT) is included, as well as a description of the services tha…
Chemistry, microscopy and smell: bloodstains and nineteenth-century legal medicine
2015
This paper analyses the development of three methods for detecting bloodstains during the first half of the nineteenth-century in France. After dealing with the main problems in detecting bloodstains, the paper describes the chemical tests introduced in the mid-1820s. Then the first uses of the microscope in the detection of bloodstains around 1827 are discussed. The most controversial method is then examined, the smell test introduced by Jean-Pierre Barruel in 1829, and the debates which took place in French academies and learned societies during ensuing years are surveyed. Moving to the courtrooms a review is conducted of how the different methods were employed in criminal trials. By revi…
Introduzione
2005
The Introductory word explains the role and scope of music historiography during the second half of 19th-Century Italy. At that time, historiographers were oriented to discover the value and the ideal place of musical oeuvre, rethinking music periodization through different paradigms and philosophies.
Desigualdad social y toma de decisiones en los comunales: El gobierno del mayor canal de riego de España (la Acequia Real del Júcar, Valencia) en el …
2021
espanolHacia 1850 la Acequia Real del Jucar era el mayor sistema comunitario de riego de Espana y se caracterizaba por la fuerte desigualdad social entre los regantes. El articulo analiza los cambios que experimentaron las instituciones para su gobierno en una etapa de profundas transformaciones sociales y politicas en la sociedad espanola, la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Los organos de gobierno del canal estaban sujetos a una organizacion de tipo jerarquico que comprendia dos grandes niveles: por una parte, estaba la direccion del conjunto del sistema, en la que solo una reducida elite de terratenientes podia intervenir; por otra, habia organos de gestion local que administraban las sucesi…
Le "due Italie" nella medievistica dell'Otto-Novecento
2021
ITALIANO: L’ormai più che secolare dibattito sulla Questione meridionale ha una stretta relazione con le tendenze della medievistica italiana nell’epoca della sua professionalizzazione. Lo schema di “due Italie”, rispettivamente caratterizzate dallo sviluppo comunale del Centro-Nord e dalla “arretratezza feudale” del Mezzogiorno, ha origine soprattutto nella costruzione di un canone interpretativo che ha fatto della “civiltà comunale” il centro caratterizzante del Medioevo italiano, leggendo la vicenda meridionale in termini di “assenza di sviluppo”. Tale lettura è stata condivisa dalla storiografia internazionale e da quella italiana fino a tempi recenti. Il saggio illustra e discute le ra…