Search results for "2 diabetes"
showing 10 items of 679 documents
Disturbed Glucose Metabolism and Left Ventricular Geometry in the General Population
2021
Background: This study sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcome of left ventricular (LV) geometry in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the impact of glucose metabolism on the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: 15,010 subjects (35–74 years) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study were categorized into euglycemia, prediabetes, and T2DM according to clinical and metabolic (HbA1c) information. Clinical outcome was assessed via structured follow-up. Results: The study comprised 12,121 individuals with euglycemia (81.6%), 1415 with prediabetes (9.5%), and 1316 with T2DM (8.9%). Prevalence of LVH increased from euglycemia (10.2%) ove…
No Effects of Acute Psychosocial Stress on Working Memory in Older People With Type 2 Diabetes
2021
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been considered a public health threat due to its growing prevalence, particularly in the older population. It is important to know the effects of psychosocial stress and its potential consequences for some basic cognitive processes that are important in daily life. Currently, there is very little information about how people with T2D face acute psychosocial stressors, and even less about how their response affects working memory (WM), which is essential for their functionality and independence. Our aim was to characterize the response to an acute laboratory psychosocial stressor and its effects on WM in older people with T2D. Fifty participants with T2D from 52 to…
Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
2022
Globally, 2.2 billion people live with some form of vision impairment and/or eye disease. To date, most systematic reviews examining associations have focused on a single eye disease and there is no systematic evaluation of the relationships between eye diseases and diverse physical and mental health outcomes. Moreover, the strength and reliability of the literature is unclear. We performed an umbrella review of observational studies with meta analyses for any physical and/or mental comorbidities associated with eye disease. For each association, random-effects summary effect size, heterogeneity, small-study effect, excess significance bias and 95% prediction intervals were calculated, and …
Fructose diet induced short-term impairment of cone sensitivity and gene expression in rat retina
2012
National audience; Abstract: Purpose A high fructose diet has been widely used to trigger insulin resistance in rodent; insulin resistance is one of the major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Thirty to 40% of diabetic patients develop diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the short-term effect, at 1, 3, 5, 8 days, of a 60% fructose diet, on photoreceptor sensitivity and gene expression in the retina of Brown Norway rats. Methods: Flicker electroretinograms (8Hz) were recorded under anesthesia, from both eyes simultaneously in order to study sensitivity of photoreceptors. Then, rats were euthanized and enucleated. Retinae and posterior poles were collec…
Effect of insulin on readmission for heart failure following a hospitalization for acute heart failure
2020
AIMS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is related with worse outcomes. Insulin treatment is associated with sodium and water retention, weight gain, and hypoglycaemia-all pathophysiological mechanisms related to HF decompensation. This study aimed to evaluate the association between insulin treatment and the risk of 1year readmission for HF in patients discharged for acute HF.; METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively included 2895 consecutive patients discharged after an episode of acute HF in a single tertiary hospital. Multivariable Cox regression, adapted for competing events, was used to assess the association between insulin treatment and …
Mitochondrial complex I impairment in leukocytes from type 2 diabetic patients.
2011
Diabetes is associated with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the rates of oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment in type 2 diabetes patients. The study population consisted of 182 diabetic patients and 50 body-composition- and age-matched controls. We assessed anthropometric and metabolic parameters and mitochondrial function by evaluating mitochondrial oxygen (O2) consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial complex I activity in polymorphonuclear cells from diabetes type 2 patients. We found an increase in waist circumference and augmented serum levels of triglycerides, pro…
Impact of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Cardiometabolic Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
2019
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease. Contributing pathophysiologic factors include endothelial dysfunction caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activity of nuclear factor kB (NFkB), altered macrophage polarization, and reduced synthesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). Consequently, there can be a potentially rapid progression of the atherosclerotic disease with a higher propensity to unstable plaque, leading to increased cardiovascular mortality. Management is aimed at prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of hyperglycemia and vascular complications. Innovative therape…
Heart rate recovery after exercise and maximal oxygen uptake in sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes
2015
Aims: Heart rate recovery after exercise (HRR) is an estimate of autonomic modulation of the heart, and has been shown to be inversely associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes [1]. Type 2 diabetes is associated with poor exercise tolerance and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) [2]. Aim of our study was to assess the relationship between HRR and VO2max in sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Maximal treadmill exercise testing using standard or modified Bruce protocol was performed in 16 (8 males and 8 females) sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and in 16 (9 males and 7 females) age-matched sedentary non-diabetic controls (ND). HRR (…
Tapaustutkimus tyypin 2 diabetesasiakkaan liikuntapuheesta ja motivoivan haastattelun menetelmien ilmenemisestä diabeteshoitajan liikuntaneuvonnassa
2011
Tutkielman tarkoituksena oli tutkia, miten motivoivan haastattelun menetelmät ilmenivät diabeteshoitajan toteuttamassa liikuntaneuvonnassa sekä arvioida tyypin 2 diabetesasiakkaan liikuntaan motivoitumiseen ja sitoutumiseen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä kahden vuoden seuranta-aikana. Tutkimusaineisto oli osa Jyväskylän yliopiston Terveystieteiden laitoksen diabetespotilaiden terveysneuvonnan seurantatutkimusta (2000 - 2002). Tässä tutkimuksessa käytetty aineisto koostui tyypin 2 diabetesasiakkaan ja diabeteshoitajan videoiduista ja litteroiduista terveysneuvontatilanteista kahden vuoden seuranta-aikana. Liikuntaan liittyvät puheenvuorot irrotettiin tutkimuksen kohteeksi ja aineisto analysoiti…