Search results for "2100"

showing 10 items of 8004 documents

Bio-silica and bio-polyphosphate: applications in biomedicine (bone formation)

2012

Bio-silica represents the main mineral component of the sponge skeletal elements (siliceous spicules), while bio-polyphosphate (bio-polyP), a multifunctional polymer existing in microorganisms and animals acts, among others, as reinforcement for pores in cell membranes. These natural inorganic bio-polymers, which can be readily prepared, either by recombinant enzymes (bio-silica and bio-polyP) or chemically (polyP), are promising materials/substances for the amelioration and/or treatment of human bone diseases and dysfunctions. It has been demonstrated that bio-silica causes in vitro a differential effect on the expression of the genes OPG and RANKL, encoding two mediators that control the …

musculoskeletal diseasesSiliconAnabolismBiomedical EngineeringOsteoclastsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyBone morphogenetic protein 2Phosphates03 medical and health sciencesMediatorOsteogenesisAnimalsHumansProgenitor cell030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesOsteoblastsbiologyCatabolismChemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySilicon DioxideIn vitro3. Good healthCell biologyPoriferaRANKLImmunologybiology.proteinOsteoporosisBone Diseases0210 nano-technologyFunction (biology)BiotechnologyCurr. Opin. Biotechnol.
researchProduct

Evaluation of efficacy and biocompatibility of a new absorbable synthetic substitute as a dural onlay graft in a large animal model.

2016

Numerous dura substitutes are commercially available, but no absorbable synthetic dura repair product has been used for both onlay and suture applications.The safety and effectiveness of a new absorbable synthetic substitute composed of Poly-L-lactide microfibers as onlay dural graft were evaluated.Physical properties and performance of the microfibrous synthetic dural substitute implanted as an onlay or suturable grafts were compared with these commercial products, including CODMAN ETHISORB™ Dura Patch and DuraGen™ Dural Graft Matrix, in a canine duraplasty model. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, macroscopic and microscopic observation at 30 and 90 days after implantation were invest…

musculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsBiocompatibilityPolyesters02 engineering and technologyDural graftIn Vitro Techniques03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDogsDural substitutemedicineAnimalsCsf leakageCerebrospinal Fluid Leakbusiness.industryGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologynervous system diseasesSurgeryMicroscopic observationDisease Models AnimalNeurologyInlaysNeurology (clinical)Dura Mater0210 nano-technologybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryLarge animalNeurological research
researchProduct

Computer Simulations of the Band Structure and Density of States of the Linear Chains of NaCl Ions

2019

The authors thank Eugene Kotomin and V. Kuzovkov for fruitful discussions and valuable suggestions. A.I.P thanks A.Moskina for the technical assistance in preparation of the manuscript. A.I.P also gratefully acknowledges a project LZP-2018/1-0214 from the Latvian Council of Science for partial support.

nacltotal energyMaterials sciencePhysicsQC1-999band structureGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsIonNaCl0103 physical sciencesdensity of statesDensity of states:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]computer simulationsTotal energy010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyElectronic band structure
researchProduct

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

2018

This review summarizes relevant research in the field of electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches. The main switch architectures and structural elements are briefly described and compared. Investigation methods that allow for exploring coupled electromechanical interactions as well as studies of mechanically or electrically induced effects are covered. An examination of the complex nanocontact behaviour during various stages of the switching cycle is provided. The choice of the switching element and the electrode is addressed from the materials perspective, detailing the benefits and drawbacks for each. An overview of experimentally demonstrated NEM swi…

nanoelectromechanical switchesComputer scienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyReviewlcsh:Chemical technologylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesReliability (semiconductor)0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringNanotechnologylcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Science010302 applied physicsreliabilitylcsh:TOperating environmentnanocontactsNEM021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999NanoscienceInvestigation methodsSwitching cyclenanowireslcsh:Q0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsBeilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
researchProduct

Supramolecular Modification of ABC Triblock Terpolymers in Confinement Assembly

2018

The self-assembly of AB diblock copolymers in three-dimensional (3D) soft confinement of nanoemulsions has recently become an attractive bottom up route to prepare colloids with controlled inner morphologies. In that regard, ABC triblock terpolymers show a more complex morphological behavior and could thus give access to extensive libraries of multicompartment microparticles. However, knowledge about their self-assembly in confinement is very limited thus far. Here, we investigated the confinement assembly of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PS-b-P4VP-b-PT or SVT) triblock terpolymers in nanoemulsion droplets. Depending on the block weight fractio…

nanoemulsions3D confinement assemblyMaterials scienceBlock copolymerGeneral Chemical EngineeringChemieSupramolecular chemistryNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryMethacrylate01 natural sciencesArticlesupramolecular chemistrylcsh:ChemistrymulticompartmentNanoemulsionCopolymerGeneral Materials ScienceMicroparticleAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationmicroparticlesHydrogen bond021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesblock copolymersLamella (surface anatomy)Microparticlelcsh:QD1-999Chemical engineeringchemistryhalogen bondSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyNanomaterials
researchProduct

Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers to Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment

2017

Curcumin is a natural molecule with proved anticancer efficacy on several human cancer cell lines. However, its clinical application has been limited due to its poor bioavailability. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery approaches could make curcumin dispersible in aqueous media, thus overtaking the limits of its low solubility. The aim of this study was to increase the bioavailability and the antitumoral activity of curcumin, by entrapping it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). For this purpose here we describe the preparation and characterization of three kinds of curcumin-loaded NLCs. The nanosystems allowed the achievement of a controlled release of curcumin, the amounts of curcumin r…

nanostructured lipid carriers curcumin drug release cancer epithelial ovarian cellsCurcuminNanoparticleAdministration Oral02 engineering and technologyPharmacologynanostructured lipid carrier03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug Delivery SystemsNanoparticleSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicamedicineHumanscancerParticle SizeDrug Carrierdrug releaseCell ProliferationOvarian NeoplasmsDrug CarriersOvarian NeoplasmChemistry (all)General ChemistryLipid021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiocompatible materialmedicine.diseaseControlled releaseLipidsBioavailabilitychemistryAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Settore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico Applicativo030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug deliveryCurcuminNanoparticlesFemaleNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesOvarian cancerDrug Delivery Systemepithelial ovarian cellHuman
researchProduct

Blends of Semiflexible Polymers: Interplay of Nematic Order and Phase Separation

2021

Mixtures of semiflexible polymers with a mismatch in either their persistence lengths or their contour lengths are studied by Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics simulation. Considering lyotropic solutions under good solvent conditions, the mole fraction and pressure is systematically varied for several cases of bending stiffness κ (the normalized persistence length) and chain length N. For binary mixtures with different chain length (i.e., NA=16, NB=32 or 64) but the same stiffness, isotropic-nematic phase coexistence is studied. For mixtures with the same chain length (N=32) and large stiffness disparity (κB/κA=4.9 to 8), both isotropic-nematic and nematic-nematic unmixing oc…

nematic orderMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsTriple pointThermodynamicsOrganic chemistry02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesArticleliquid crystalsQD241-441Critical point (thermodynamics)Liquid crystalsemiflexible polymersPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesLyotropicphase behaviormacromolecules010306 general physicsdensity functional theoryPhase diagramPersistence lengthGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymolecular dynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MattermixturesBending stiffnessddc:540blends0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Quantum Motion of Chemisorbed Hydrogen on Ni Surfaces

1983

Quantum mechanical energy levels and wave functions have been calculated for the motion of chemisorbed hydrogen atoms on Ni surfaces. The results show considerable quantum effects for the adatom in both the ground and the excited states. The description of the adparticles as being delocalized along the surface offers a novel interpretation of several phenomena, in particular the vibrational excitations. Peer reviewed

nickel surfacesMaterials scienceSolid-state physicsHydrogenwave functionsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceDelocalized electron0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersenergy levels010306 general physicsWave functionQuantumMechanical energyPhysicshydrogen atoms021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryChemisorptionExcited stateAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters
researchProduct

Vibrational Spectrum of HXeSH revisited : Combined computational and experimental study

2020

Vibrational spectrum of HXeSH embedded in low-temperature matrix is experimentally studied. To support the spectrum interpretation, anharmonic vibrational analysis is performed using different models and basis sets and the data is compared with previous experimental and theoretical analyses. Computations of overtones and combination modes allowed for new band assignments. The HXeSH molecule exhibits high anharmonicity similarly as other molecules from the noble-gas hydride family. Comparison of the employed computational methods shows once again that the modelling of the noble-gas compounds faces theoretical challenges to yield quantitatively reliable results. peerReviewed

noble gasXenonInfraredspektroskopiaGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyksenonhydride02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMatrix (mathematics)värähtelytinfrapunasäteilyMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysicsBasis (linear algebra)anharmonicityAnharmonicityMatrix isolationmatrix isolationjalokaasut021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistryvibrational spectroscopy0104 chemical sciencesinfrared spectrumYield (chemistry)hydridit0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Computational Structures and SAPT Interaction Energies of HXeSH···H2Y (Y=O or S) Complexes

2018

Ab initio calculations of the structures, vibrational spectra and supermolecular and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) interaction energies of the HXeOH and HXeSH complexes with H2O and H2S molecules are presented. Two minima already reported in the literature were reproduced and ten new ones were found together with some transition states. All complexes show blue shift in Xe&ndash

noble gasvuorovaikutusAb initiointeraction02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSpectral lineInorganic ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodslcsh:Inorganic chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPerturbation theoryta116Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicshydrogen bondSAPTChemistryHydrogen bondkompleksiyhdisteetnon-covalent021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QD146-197Transition state0104 chemical sciencesChemical physicsAb initio0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)complexInorganics
researchProduct