Search results for "2700"
showing 10 items of 68 documents
Progestogens to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies:an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized trials
2012
Abstract Background Preterm birth is the principal factor contributing to adverse outcomes in multiple pregnancies. Randomized controlled trials of progestogens to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies have shown no clear benefits. However, individual studies have not had sufficient power to evaluate potential benefits in women at particular high risk of early delivery (for example, women with a previous preterm birth or short cervix) or to determine adverse effects for rare outcomes such as intrauterine death. Methods/design We propose an individual participant data meta-analysis of high quality randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of progestogen treatment in women with …
Atherogenic forms of dyslipidaemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2009
OBJECTIVE: Dyslipidaemia is very common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but, beyond plasma lipids, atherogenic lipoprotein (Lp) and apolipoprotein (apo) alterations are still ill defined. DESIGN: We measured concentrations of apoB, Lp(a) and small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in 42 patients with PCOS [age: 28 +/- 7 years, body mass index (BMI): 27 +/- 5 kg/m(2)] vs. 37 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls. METHODS: Elevated Lp(a) levels considered were those > 30 mg/dl while elevated apoB concentrations were those > 100 g/l. RESULTS: Polycystic ovary syndrome showed increased triglycerides levels (p = 0.0011) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol co…
Manifesto on small airway involvement and management in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an Interasma (Global Asthma Association - G…
2016
International audience; Evidence that enables us to identify, assess, and access the small airways in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has led INTERASMA (Global Asthma Association) and WAO to take a position on the role of the small airways in these diseases. Starting from an extensive literature review, both organizations developed, discussed, and approved the manifesto, which was subsequently approved and endorsed by the chairs of ARIA and GA2LEN. The manifesto describes the evidence gathered to date and defines and proposes issues on small airway involvement and management in asthma and COPD with the aim of challenging assumptions, fostering commitment, and bringin…
A peptide from the staphylococcal protein Efb binds P‐selectin and inhibits the interaction of platelets with leukocytes
2022
AimsP-selectin is a key surface adhesion molecule for the interaction of platelets with leukocytes. We have shown previously that the N-terminal domain of S. aureus extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) binds to P-selectin and interferes with platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation. Here, we aimed to identify the minimal Efb motif required for binding platelets and to characterise its ability to interfering with the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates.Methods and ResultsUsing a library of synthetic peptides, we mapped the platelet-binding site to a continuous 20 amino acid stretch. The peptide Efb68-87 was able to bind to resting and, to a greater extent, thrombin-stimulated …
The origin of postembryonic neuroblasts in the ventral nerve cord of Drosophila melanogaster.
1991
ABSTRACT Embryonic and postembryonic neuroblasts in the thoracic ventral nerve cord of Drosophila melanogaster have the same origin. We have traced the development of threefold-labelled single precursor cells from the early gastrula stage to late larval stages. The technique allows in the same individual monitoring of progeny cells at embryonic stages (in vivo) and differentially staining embryonic and postembryonic progeny within the resulting neural clone at late postembryonic stages. The analysis reveals that postembryonic cells always appear together with embryonic cells in one clone. Further-more, BrdU labelling suggests that the embryonic neuroblast itself rather than one of its proge…
Preventive strategies and factors associated with surgically treated necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants: an international unit su…
2019
ObjectivesTo compare necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) prevention practices and NEC associated factors between units from eight countries of the International Network for Evaluation of Outcomes of Neonates, and to assess their association with surgical NEC rates.DesignProspective unit-level survey combined with retrospective cohort study.SettingNeonatal intensive care units in Australia/New Zealand, Canada, Finland, Israel, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Tuscany (Italy).PatientsExtremely preterm infants born between 240to 286weeks’ gestation, with birth weights<1500 g, and admitted between 2014–2015.ExposuresNEC prevention practices (probiotics, feeding, donor milk) using responses of an o…
Hepatitis E Virus Detection in Liver Tissue from Patients with Suspected Drug-Induced Liver Injury
2015
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is increasingly recognized as a cause of acute hepatitis in the industrialized world. We aimed to determine the frequency of acute Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in cases of suspected drug-induced liver injury (DILI), mainly a diagnosis of exclusion. To this aim, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) liver tissues of all cases routinely processed in our institute during a 2 ½ years period in which DILI was amongst the differential diagnoses (157 liver biopsies, one liver explant) were subjected to semi-nested RT-PCR for the detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA. Histopathology was re-evaluated on all cases tested positive. HEV RNA was detectable in…
IL-17A and IL-17F do not contribute vitally to autoimmune neuro-inflammation in mice
2009
The clear association of Th17 cells with autoimmune pathogenicity implicates Th17 cytokines as critical mediators of chronic autoimmune diseases such as EAE. To study the impact of IL-17A on CNS inflammation, we generated transgenic mice in which high levels of expression of IL-17A could be initiated after Cre-mediated recombination. Although ubiquitous overexpression of IL-17A led to skin inflammation and granulocytosis, T cell–specific IL-17A overexpression did not have a perceptible impact on the development and health of the mice. In the context of EAE, neither the T cell–driven overexpression of IL-17A nor its complete loss had a major impact on the development of clinical disease. Sin…
Evaluating the citywide Edinburgh 20mph speed limit intervention effects on traffic speed and volume: A pre-post observational evaluation.
2021
Objectives Traffic speed is important to public health as it is a major contributory factor to collision risk and casualty severity. 20mph (32km/h) speed limit interventions are an increasingly common approach to address this transport and health challenge, but a more developed evidence base is needed to understand their effects. This study describes the changes in traffic speed and traffic volume in the City of Edinburgh, pre- and 12 months post-implementation of phased city-wide 20mph speed limits from 2016–2018. Methods The City of Edinburgh Council collected speed and volume data across one full week (24 hours a day) pre- and post-20mph speed limits for 66 streets. The pre- and post-sp…
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Vitamin C Deficiency in North and South India: A Two Centre Population Based Study in People Aged 60 Years and Over
2011
BackgroundStudies from the UK and North America have reported vitamin C deficiency in around 1 in 5 men and 1 in 9 women in low income groups. There are few data on vitamin C deficiency in resource poor countries.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in India.DesignWe carried out a population-based cross-sectional survey in two areas of north and south India. Randomly sampled clusters were enumerated to identify people aged 60 and over. Participants (75% response rate) were interviewed for tobacco, alcohol, cooking fuel use, 24 hour diet recall and underwent anthropometry and blood collection. Vitamin C was measured using an enzyme-based assay in plasma stabilized …