Search results for "3T"

showing 10 items of 171 documents

Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 by UV irradiation is inhibited by wortmannin without affecting c-iun expression.

1999

Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs)/stress-activated protein kinases is an early response of cells upon exposure to DNA-damaging agents. JNK-mediated phosphorylation of c-Jun is currently understood to stimulate the transactivating potency of AP-1 (e.g., c-Jun/c-Fos; c-Jun/ATF-2), thereby increasing the expression of AP-1 target genes. Here we show that stimulation of JNK1 activity is not a general early response of cells exposed to genotoxic agents. Treatment of NIH 3T3 cells with UV light (UV-C) as well as with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) caused activation of JNK1 and an increase in c-Jun protein and AP-1 binding activity, whereas antineoplastic drugs such as mafosfamide, mito…

Alkylating AgentsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-junUltraviolet RaysStimulationBiologyenvironment and public healthWortmanninTransactivationchemistry.chemical_compoundMiceAnimalsPhosphatidylinositolCollagenasesProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyCell Growth and DevelopmentMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Kinasec-junJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesCell Biology3T3 CellsMethyl MethanesulfonateMolecular biologyAndrostadienesEnzyme ActivationGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticTranscription Factor AP-1chemistryCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesPhosphorylationMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesWortmanninMolecular and cellular biology
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Stabilization of hsp70 mRNA on prolonged cell exposure to hypertonicity

2002

AbstractProlonged exposure of 3T3 cells to 0.5 osM hypertonic medium induced the accumulation of hsp70 mRNAs. This increase in mRNA levels required active protein synthesis. A weak and transient activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) was noted, but it was temporally uncoupled to the accumulation of the hsp70 mRNAs. Nuclear run-on assay and transfection experiments showed that hsp70 gene transcription was not affected by hypertonicity. ActD chase experiments showed that during hypertonic treatment, degradation of hsp70 mRNAs was markedly reduced. This effect did not appear to be a general phenomenon since the increase in mRNA level of another gene induced by hypertonicity (ATA2 transporter…

Amino Acid Transport System ATranscription GeneticBiologyTransfectionMiceHeat Shock Transcription FactorsTranscription (biology)Heat shock proteinATA2 mRNAAnimalsHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsRNA MessengerHSF1HypertonicityMolecular BiologySaline Solution HypertonicMessenger RNAHeat shock proteinMRNA stabilizationTransfection3T3 CellsCell Biologyhsp70 mRNAMolecular biologyHsp70DNA-Binding ProteinsProtein BiosynthesisRNA stabilizationmRNA stabilizationTranscription FactorsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
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T cell activation defect in hemodialysis patients: Evidence for a role of the B7/CD28 pathway

1993

T cell activation defect in hemodialysis patients: Evidence for a role of the B7/CD28 pathway. The immunosuppressive effect of chronic renal failure is correlated with an impaired proliferation of peripheral blood leukocytes in vitro . This is mainly due to an impaired function of the accessory cells rather than the T cells. Here we tried to define a missing accessory signal for T cell activation in hemodialysis patients. We substituted cell surface bound molecules by adding tumor cell lines to the in vitro assays that express different patterns of accessory molecules. Cell lines that express the costimulatory B7 molecule reconstituted the activation of patients' cells whereas B7 negative c…

Antigens Differentiation T-LymphocyteT-LymphocytesT cellCellLymphocyte ActivationTransfectionMonocytesMiceImmune systemCD28 AntigensAntigens CDRenal DialysisTumor Cells CulturedmedicineAnimalsHumansPhytohemagglutininsAntigen-presenting cellAgedUremiabusiness.industryCD283T3 CellsT lymphocyteTransfectionMiddle AgedBurkitt LymphomaPhenotypemedicine.anatomical_structureNephrologyCell cultureAntigens SurfaceImmunologyB7-1 AntigenCancer researchInterleukin-2businessKidney International
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Farmed Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) by-Products Valorization: Viscera Oil ω-3 Enrichment by Short-Path Distillation and In Vitro Bioactivity Ev…

2021

This study shows a pilot scale protocol aimed to obtain an omega 3-enriched oil after the processing of farmed gilthead sea bream viscera (SBV)

Antioxidant030309 nutrition & dieteticsThiobarbituric acidFish farmingmedicine.medical_treatmentShort path distillationPharmaceutical SciencePilot ProjectsnutraceuticsAntioxidantsMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologySettore AGR/20 - Zoocolture3T3-L1 CellsFatty Acids Omega-3Drug DiscoveryAdipocytesTBARSmedicineAnimalsPeroxide valueFood scienceSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)by-productslcsh:QH301-705.5DistillationWaste Productschemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesAdipogenesisomega-3 fatty acidsFatty acid04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceSea Breamfish oilsOxidative StressViscerachemistryaquaculturelcsh:Biology (General)BassPolyunsaturated fatty acidMarine Drugs
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Succinobucol’s New Coat — Conjugation with Steroids to Alter Its Drug Effect and Bioavailability

2011

Synthesis, detailed structural characterization (X-ray, NMR, MS, IR, elemental analysis), and studies of toxicity, antioxidant activity and bioavailability of unique potent anti-atherosclerotic succinobucol-steroid conjugates are reported. The conjugates consist of, on one side, the therapeutically important drug succinobucol ([4-{2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-[(1-{[3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}-4-oxo-butanoic acid]) possessing an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and on the other side, plant stanol/sterols (stigmastanol, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol) possessing an ability to lower the blood cholesterol level. A cholesterol-succinobucol prodr…

AntioxidantFree RadicalsStereochemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentStatic ElectricityAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiological AvailabilityPharmaceutical ScienceprobucolArticleAntioxidantsAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPicrateslcsh:Organic chemistrySulfanylDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrysuccinobucol; phytosterol; atherosclerosis; cholesterol; probucolta317phytosterolStigmastanolClinical Trials as TopicMice Inbred BALB CMolecular StructurePhytosterolBiphenyl CompoundsOrganic Chemistrycholesterol3T3 CellsFibroblastsProdrugAscorbic acidBioavailabilityBiphenyl compoundchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineSteroidsatherosclerosissuccinobucolMolecules; Volume 16; Issue 11; Pages: 9404-9420
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Delivery of liquorice extract by liposomes and hyalurosomes to protect the skin against oxidative stress injuries.

2015

Liquorice extract, obtained by percolation in ethanol of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. roots, was incorporated in liposomes and hyalurosomes, new phospholipid-sodium hyaluronate vesicles, and their protective effect against oxidative stress skin damages was probed. As a comparison, raw glycyrrhizin was also tested. All the vesicles were small in size (≤ 100 nm), with a highly negative zeta potential ensuring long-term stability, and able to incorporate a high amount of the extract. In vitro tests showed that the liquorice extract loaded in vesicles was able to scavenge DPPH free radical (80% inhibition) and to protect 3T3 fibroblasts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, restoring the normal condi…

AntioxidantPolymers and PlasticsDPPHmedicine.medical_treatmentAdministration TopicalChemistry PharmaceuticalPharmacologymedicine.disease_causePlant Rootschemistry.chemical_compoundMiceDrug StabilityIn vivoCell MovementMaterials TestingMaterials ChemistrymedicineGlycyrrhizaAnimalsEdemaHyaluronic AcidGlycyrrhizinCell ProliferationSkinLiposomeDrug CarriersbiologyPlant ExtractsOrganic Chemistry3T3 CellsFree Radical Scavengersbiology.organism_classificationOxidative StresschemistryBiochemistryLiposomesGlycyrrhizaFemaleDrug carrierOxidative stressCarbohydrate polymers
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TGF-β signalling is required for CD4⁺ T cell homeostasis but dispensable for regulatory T cell function.

2013

Signalling by the cytokine TGF-β regulates mature CD4+ T cell populations but is not involved in the survival and function of regulatory T cells.

Autoimmunity10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologyT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryMiceInterleukin 210302 clinical medicineTransforming Growth Factor beta2400 General Immunology and MicrobiologyHomeostasisCytotoxic T cellIL-2 receptorBiology (General)0303 health sciencesGeneral Neuroscience2800 General NeurosciencePeripheral toleranceFOXP3ColitisNatural killer T cell3. Good healthCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesResearch ArticleSignal TransductionRegulatory T cellQH301-705.5Receptors Antigen T-Cell610 Medicine & health1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesThymus GlandBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLymphopeniamedicineAnimalsAntigen-presenting cellCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyInflammationIntegrasesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyReproducibility of ResultsMice Inbred C57BLTamoxifenImmunologyNIH 3T3 Cells570 Life sciences; biologyGene Deletion030215 immunologyPLoS Biology
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Bile acid–cysteamine conjugates: Structural properties, gelation, and toxicity evaluation

2011

Abstract Design, synthesis, and characterization of six novel bile acid–cysteamine conjugates together with investigation of their structural studies, gelation properties, and preliminary toxicity evaluation, are reported. Solid state properties of selected compounds were studied by means of X-ray diffraction and 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy. N-(2-thioethyl)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-amide was shown to exhibit (pseudo)polymorphism, and a single crystal structure of its non-stoichiometric hydrate is reported herein. Cholyl and dehydrocholyl derivatives bearing three functionalities in their steroidal backbone were shown to undergo self-assembly leading to gelation in certain organic so…

BALB 3T3 CellsMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopymedicine.drug_classCysteamineClinical BiochemistryCholic AcidBiochemistryBile Acids and SaltsInhibitory Concentration 50Micechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyX-Ray DiffractionmedicineAnimalsOrganic chemistryta116Molecular BiologyPharmacologyBile acidUrsodeoxycholic AcidOrganic ChemistryHydrogen BondingNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyFibroblastsAmidesCombinatorial chemistrychemistrySolid-state nuclear magnetic resonancePolymorphism (materials science)SolventsLithocholic AcidCysteamineHydrateSingle crystalDeoxycholic AcidConjugateSteroids
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TOXICITY OF B-N-OXALYLAMINO-L-ALANINE ANDB-N-METHYLAMINO-L-ALANINE IN NIH3T3 CELLS IS MEDIATED BY INHIBITIONOF THE XC¯ ANTIPORTER

2012

Beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine (BOAA) and beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) are two non-protein amino acids reported to induce neuronal degeneration. They have been involved in the pathogenesis of rare motor neuron diseases, as neurolathyrism or the ALS-Parkinson-Dementia complex of Guam. The mechanisms by which BOAA and BMAA toxicity is explicated is still unknown, but there is evidence that it might involve the inhibition of Xc¯ antiporter, that is the rate-limiting transporter of the synthesis of intracellular glutathione. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of BOAA and BMAA toxicity in the non-neuronal NIH3T3 cells. First, we treated NIH3T3 cells with BOAA or BMAA at di…

BOAA BMAA ALS NIH3T3 Oxidative Stress
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New gellan gum-graft-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymers as promising bioinks: Synthesis and characterization

2020

This research focused on the aim of tackling the urgent demand of printable biomaterials, hence we synthetized and characterized three gellan gum-graft-poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymers (GGm-PLGA a, b and c) which differed in the graft substitution degree. We investigated the effect of the polyester chain grafted onto hydrophilic backbone of gellan gum in terms of physicochemical properties and the ability of the system to print 3D cell laden constructs. In particular, we evaluated thermo-rheological, ionotropic crosslinking, shear thinning, swelling and stability properties of these copolymers and their derived biomaterials and findings related to the degree of functionalization. M…

Biocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyBiochemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMicePolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerGraft copolymersStructural BiologyMaterials TestingmedicineCopolymerAnimalsMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyMechanical Phenomena0303 health sciencesShear thinningTissue EngineeringChemistryPolysaccharides BacterialBioprintingGeneral Medicine3T3 Cells021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGellan gumPolyesterChemical engineeringSurface modificationPoly d l lactideInkPoly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)Swellingmedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologyRheologyGellan gum (GG)
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