Search results for "4'"

showing 10 items of 814 documents

Crystal structure of [tris(4,4-bipyridine)]diium bis(1,1,3,3-tetracyano-2-ethoxypropenide) trihydrate

2016

In the title hydrated salt, which was obtained from the hydro­thermal reaction between between potassium 1,1,3,3-tetra­cyano-2-eth­oxy­propenide and 4,4′-bi­pyridine in the presence of iron(II) sulfate hepta­hydrate, the ionic components are linked into a three-dimensional network by C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

crystal structureStereochemistryIonic bondingmolecular structureCrystal structurehydro­thermal synthesis010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciencesResearch Communicationslaw.inventionlcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundpolynitrile anionslawPyridineMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceHydrothermal synthesisQDCrystallizationta215ta116mol­ecular structureHydrogen bondChemistryDASGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsQD Chemistryhydrogen bonding0104 chemical sciences44'-BipyridineCrystallographyhydrothermal synthesislcsh:QD1-999HydrateMolecular structure
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Influence of the polymerization step alone on oxygen affinity and cooperativity during production of hyperpolymers from native hemoglobins with cross…

1994

The aim of this study was to find out how the polymerization per se changes oxygen affinity (P50) and cooperativity (n50) of various soluble huge hyperpolymers prepared from native hemoglobins by crosslinking. Increase of cooperativity would be expected considering natural hemoglobin networks. Those hyperpolymers with molecular weights of some 10(6) g/mol are candidates for artificial oxygen-carrying blood additives rather than volume substitutes. Human and bovine hemoglobin reacted with several crosslinkers (2,5-diisothiocyanatobenzenesulfonate (DIBS); 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonate (DIDS); 1,3-butadiene diepoxide (BUDE); glutaraldehyde (GDA)) in concentrated (case 1) and …

PolymersBiomedical EngineeringCooperativity44'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-22'-Disulfonic AcidIn Vitro TechniquesBlood substitutechemistry.chemical_compoundHemoglobinsBlood SubstitutesIsothiocyanatesPolymer chemistryOrganic chemistryAnimalsHumansMolecular massChemistryBenzenesulfonatesMolecular WeightOxygenSolutionsMonomerCross-Linking ReagentsPolymerizationDIDSGlutaralEpoxy CompoundsCattleGlutaraldehydeHemoglobinThiocyanatesBiotechnologyArtificial cells, blood substitutes, and immobilization biotechnology
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Diazonamīda A neciklisko analogu sintēze

2019

Diazonamīda A neciklisko analogu sintēze. Vasiļevska A., zinātniskie vadītāji: prof., Dr. chem. Sūna E., Mg. chem. Kazak M. Maģistra darbs, 78 lappuses, 70 attēli, 6 tabulas, 81 literatūras avots. Latviešu valodā. Darbā veikta diazonamīda A neciklosko analogu sintēze, izmantojot litiētā 2,4’-bioksazola reakciju ar ketoniem un Negishi šķērssametināšanu. Ir izstrādātās divas metodes 2,4’-bioksazolu sintēzei. Literatūras apskatā aplūkota informācija par 2,4’-bioksazolu sintēzes metodēm un 2,4’-bioksazola modificēšanas iespējām C5’ pozīcijā.

Diazonamīds24'-BioksazolsNegishi šķērssametināšanaĶīmijaLitijēšana
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Excitotoxic Hippocampal Membrane Breakdown and its Inhibition by Bilobalide: Role of Chloride Fluxes

2003

We have previously shown that hypoxia and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation induce breakdown of choline-containing phospholipids in rat hippocampus, a process which is mediated by calcium influx and phospholipase A (2) activation. Bilobalide, a constituent of Ginkgo biloba, inhibited this process in a potent manner (Weichel et al., Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 360, 609-615, 1999). In this study, we used fluorescence microscopy and radioactive flux measurements to show that bilobalide does not interfere with NMDA-induced calcium influx. Instead, bilobalide seems to inhibit NMDA-induced fluxes of chloride ions through ligand-operated chloride channels. In our experimen…

Calcium IsotopesMaleN-Methylaspartatemedicine.drug_classGlycineCyclopentanes44'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-22'-Disulfonic AcidIn Vitro TechniquesHippocampusChlorideCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundChloridesBilobalideFurosemideExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsmedicineAnimalsCholineDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)Channel blockerRats WistarDiureticsFuransCell MembraneGeneral MedicineReceptor antagonistPyrrolidinonesRatsPsychiatry and Mental healthGinkgolidesnervous systemchemistryBiochemistryDIDSPotassiumChloride channelBiophysicsNMDA receptorCalciumDiterpenesDizocilpine MaleateExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsSynaptosomesmedicine.drugPharmacopsychiatry
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Expression and possible functions of the cholinergic system in a murine embryonic stem cell line.

2007

The expression of a cholinergic system during embryonic development is a widespread phenomenon. However, no precise function could be assigned to it during early pre-neural stages and there are only few studies that document when it precisely starts to be expressed. Here, we examined the expression of cholinergic components in a murine embryonic stem cell line by RT-PCR, histochemistry, and enzyme activity measurements; the acetylcholine (ACh) content was measured by HPLC. We have demonstrated that embryonic stem cells express ACh, acetylcholine receptors, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (AChE and BChE). Butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) expression was highe…

Time FactorsBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LineCholine O-AcetyltransferaseMicemedicineAnimalsCholinesterasesReceptors CholinergicGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsEmbryonic Stem CellsAcetylcholine receptorCell ProliferationTetraisopropylpyrophosphamideReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression ProfilingGeneral MedicineBenzenaminium 44'-(3-oxo-15-pentanediyl)bis(NN-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-) DibromideCholine acetyltransferaseEmbryonic stem cellMolecular biologyAcetylcholineCell cultureButyrylcholinesteraseAcetylcholinesteraseCholinergicCholinesterase InhibitorsStem cellAcetylcholineAdult stem cellmedicine.drugLife sciences
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Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 4,4'-Biimidazoles

2012

Highly substituted 4,4'-biimidazoles were synthesized, in good to excellent yields, through a multicomponent imidazole ring synthesis by using imidazol-4-yl-ethane-1,2-diones as starting materials. The obtained compounds were preliminarily tested as chromogenic and fluorescent sensors for heavy metals.

Molecular StructureChemistryChromogenicOrganic ChemistryImidazolesHeavy metalsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica44'-Biimidazoles heavy metals sensors Boulton Katritzky Rearrangement imidazolyl-dione pentaphenyl-substituted 44'-2'4''-terimidazoleRing (chemistry)BiochemistryFluorescenceCombinatorial chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic chemistryImidazolePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Investigation into mechanisms mediating the inhibitory effect of 1,4-benzodiazepines on mast cells by gene expression profiling.

2013

Abstract Aims This study aims to identify by a molecular genetic approach potential targets in mast cells at which 1,4-benzodiazepines may cause their inhibitory effect on mast cell activity. Main methods Gene expression analyses with microarray gene chip and/or quantitative PCR were performed using 1,4-benzodiazepine-treated human mast cell leukemia HMC-1.2 cells, promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and human mast cells from healthy volunteers and patients with mast cell activation disease (MCAD). Pathway analysis was applied to search for enriched biological functions and canonical pathways within differentially regulated genes. Key findings Both neoplastic and normal human mast cells expr…

AdultMalegenetics [Mastocytosis]Gene ExpressionHL-60 CellsFlunitrazepamBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyClonazepamLYNddc:570medicineTranslocator proteinpharmacology [Flunitrazepam]HumansMast CellsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticsmethods [Polymerase Chain Reaction]Interleukin 5AgedRegulation of gene expressionBenzodiazepinonesGene Expression Profilingdrug effects [Gene Expression]General MedicineMiddle AgedMast cell leukemiamedicine.diseaseMast cellMicroarray Analysis4'-chlorodiazepamCell biologyInterleukin 33Gene expression profilingmedicine.anatomical_structuremethods [Microarray Analysis]biology.proteinpharmacology [Clonazepam]drug effects [Mast Cells]Femalepharmacology [Benzodiazepinones]Mastocytosismethods [Gene Expression Profiling]
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Synthesis and antioproliferative activity of new derivatives containing the policyclic sistem 5,7:7,13-dimethanopyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazolo[3'.4':2,3]aze…

2012

By reacting methylaminopyrazoles with hexane-2,5-dione in 1,4-dioxane in the presence of p-toluensulfonic acid, new derivatives containing the policyclic sistem 5,7:7,13-dimethanopyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazolo[3'.4':2,3]azepino[4,5-f]azocine were obtained. The new synthesized compounds were tested preliminarly at 10 microM against five human cancer cell lines showing a range of inhibition of 20-62% against the most susceptible cell lines K562 and HCT116.

Policyclic system 57:713-dimethanopyrazolo[34-b]pyrazolo[3'.4':23]azepino[45-f]azocine antiproliferative activity apoptosisSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica
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Structural versatility in cobalt(ii) complexes with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4bta) and 4,4′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide (dpo)

2007

Four new high-spin cobalt(II) complexes of formula [Co(H2O)6](H2bta)·dpo·4H2O (1), [{Co(H2O)4(dpo)}2(bta)]·4H2O·(2), [Co(H2O)2)(dpo)2(H2bta)]n (3) and [Co(H2O)3(dpo)(bta)1/2]n (4) (H4bta = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and dpo = 4,4′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide) have been synthesized and their structures solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Compound 1 is an ionic salt whose structure is made up of [Co(H2O)6]2+ cations, H2bta2− anions, uncoordinated dpo groups and crystallization water molecules, which are linked by extensive hydrogen bonds to afford a three-dimensional network. The structure of 2 consists of bta-bridged dinuclear cobalt(II) complexes where four coordinated …

LigandStereochemistryHydrogen bondIonic bondingchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics44'-Bipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryOctahedronIntramolecular forceMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceCobaltCrystEngComm
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Substituent effects in trans-p,p'-disubstituted azobenzenes: X-ray structures at 100 K and DFT-calculated structures.

2014

The crystal and molecular structures of twopara-substituted azobenzenes with π-electron-donating –NEt2and π-electron-withdrawing –COOEt groups are reported, along with the effects of the substituents on the aromaticity of the benzene ring. The deformation of the aromatic ring around the –NEt2group inN,N,N′,N′-tetraethyl-4,4′-(diazenediyl)dianiline, C20H28N4, (I), may be caused by steric hindrance and the π-electron-donating effects of the amine group. In this structure, one of the amine N atoms demonstrates clearsp2-hybridization and the other is slightly shifted from the plane of the surrounding atoms. The molecule of the second azobenzene, diethyl 4,4′-(diazenediyl)dibenzoate, C18H18N2O4,…

Steric effectscrystal structureChemistryStereochemistry4electron-donating effectsSubstituentAromaticityCrystal structureDFT calculationsCondensed Matter PhysicsInorganic ChemistryCrystalelectron-withdrawing effectsHOMA indexCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials Chemistry4'-(diazenediyl)dibenzoateAmine gas treatingDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryazo­benzenesBenzene4'-(diazene­diyl)dianilineActa crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry
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