Search results for "400"
showing 10 items of 1272 documents
Atlantic salmon survival at sea: temporal changes that lack regional synchrony
2022
Spatial and temporal synchrony in abundance or survival trends can be indicative of whether populations are affected by common environmental drivers. In Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), return rates to natal rivers have generally been assumed to be affected primarily by shared oceanic conditions, leading to spatially synchronous trends in mortality. Here, we investigated the existence of parallel trends in salmon sea survival, using data on migrating smolts and returning adults from seven Canadian populations presumed to share feeding grounds. We analysed sea survival, using a Bayesian change-point model capable of detecting non-stationarity in time series data. Our results indicate that w…
Adapting rail and road networks to weather extremes: Case studies for southern Germany and Austria
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: Natural Hazards. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0969-3 The assessment of the current impacts of extreme weather conditions on transport systems reveals high costs in specific locations. Prominent examples for Europe are the economic consequences of the harsh winter periods 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 and the floods in Austria, Eastern Europe, Germany and the United Kingdom in 2005 and 2007. Departing from the EC-funded project WEATHER, this paper delves into the subject of adaptation strategies by revisiting the project’s general findings on adaptation strategies and by adding two specific cases: (1) adv…
An Urban Governance Framework for Including Environmental Migrants in Sustainable Cities
2022
This article proposes an urban governance framework for including environmental migrants in sustainable cities. It outlines the links among environmental migration, vulnerability, and sustainability, showing how vulnerability and sustainability are not about the environment or the human condition as snapshots in space and time, but rather are long-term, multi-scalar, ever-evolving processes. This theoretical baseline is followed by a description of some practical approaches already applied for including environmental migrants in sustainable cities. The wide variety and lack of cohesion justifies the need for a framework, leading to three principal characteristics of a governance framework s…
The economic impact of future increase in tropical cyclones in Japan
2009
Published version of an article from the journal:Natural Hazards. Also available from SpringerLink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9522-9 This article estimates the non-first-order economic loss in Japan due to a future increase in tropical cyclones. One possible effect of global warming could be the increase in intensity of tropical cyclones. Using historical storm tracks between the years 1978 and 2007 and altering their intensities due to this potential increase in their intensity, this paper calculates the future potential regional GDP loss in a certain area that is affected by tropical cyclones. Most of the literature is concerned with physical damage and the loss of lives due to…
Adaptive Attitude Control of a Rigid Body with Input and Output Quantization
2022
Author's accepted manuscript. © 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. In this paper, the adaptive attitude tracking the problem of a rigid body is investigated where the input and output are transmitted via a network. To reduce the communication burden in a network, a quantizer is introduced in both uplink and downlink communication channels. An adaptiv…
TGF-β signalling is required for CD4⁺ T cell homeostasis but dispensable for regulatory T cell function.
2013
Signalling by the cytokine TGF-β regulates mature CD4+ T cell populations but is not involved in the survival and function of regulatory T cells.
Observation of an Excited $B^{\pm}_c$ Meson State with the ATLAS Detector
2014
A search for excited states of the B±c meson is performed using 4.9 fb-1 of 7 TeV and 19.2 fb-1 of 8 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. A new state is observed through its hadronic transition to the ground state, with the latter detected in the decay B±c→J/ψπ±. The state appears in the m(Bc±π+π-)-m(Bc±)-2m(π±) mass difference distribution with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations. The mass of the observed state is 6842±4±5 MeV, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The mass and decay of this state are consistent with expectations for the second S-wave state of the B±c meson, B±c(2S).
The Black-Litterman model
2013
Masteroppgave i økonomi og administrasjon - Universitetet i Agder 2013 The Markowitz model has two problematic tendencies; unintuitive portfolios and portfolios with high transaction costs. The Black-Litterman model was made as an improvement of the Markowitz model. It uses a Bayesian approach to combine the views of the investor with the equilibrium portfolio. The main purpose of the model is to create intuitive portfolios and limit the transaction costs. With the computer power available today, the implementation of mathematical models are an important issue. Using the programming language R, I will in this thesis look at possible ways of implementing the Black-Litterman model. Todays inv…
The performance of Value-at-Risk models on the OBX index
2013
Masteroppgave i økonomi og administrasjon - Universitetet i Agder 2013 The measuring of risk has become one of the main fields in finance during the last two decades. Value-at-Risk (VaR) has become one of the most important risk measures and is widely used for numerous applications. This thesis compares different approaches to VaR based on traditional methods such as Historical Simulation, Moving Average and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average as well as advanced approaches based on GARCH models. Comparison is done on the OBX index return data, which is the main benchmark index on the Oslo Stock Exchange. The performance of the different VaR models is evaluated with out of sample backtest…
Exploration of stationary time-series’ network properties : Visibility-and Horizontal visibility graph of Gaussian white noise, AR (1), MA (1) and AR…
2019
Master's thesis Business Administration BE501 - University of Agder 2019 We haverecordedthe network properties ofstochastic processes’whitenoise,푀퐴(1), 퐴푅(1)and 퐴푅푀퐴(1,1)bymeansof visibility-and horizontal visibility algorithms. The sample series of the stochastic processeswere artificially generated and used in simulationswith multiple repetitions. We examined six global network properties:mean degree, normalized degree centrality, degree distribution, transitivity, assortativity and average geodesic pathtodiscover how theyreflect the structure of the series. These properties were also used to disclose change in behavior due to variation in the series length.Our contribution to the literat…