Search results for "400"
showing 10 items of 1272 documents
Sikkert valgsystem over Internett
2001
Masteroppgave i informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi 2001 - Høgskolen i Agder, Grimstad Det har i de siste årene vært en økende interesse for å utvikle sikre valgsystem over Internett. Allerede i 1869 fikk Thomas Edison patent på et elektronisk valg apparat, men det var derimot ingen den gang som ville kjøpe oppfinnelsen hans. Et elektronisk valgsystem må oppfylle en del sikkerhets krav før det kan implementeres i en valgsammenheng. Hovedoppgaven ser på en del grunnleggende ideer for valgprotokoller, og på valgprotokoller som er brukt i eksisterende system i dag. Et ideelt valgsystem inneholder følgende karakteristiske trekk: Anonymitet, Demokrati, Fleksibilitet, Kontrollerbarhet, Mobil…
L’olfactilité sociale des humains : la science fluctuante d’un sens omniprésent
2019
Les chimiosensibilités permettant aux organismes d’apprécier l’innocuité du milieu s’exprimèrent les toutes premières au fil de l’évolution. Parmi elles, l’olfaction est, ontogénétiquement, l’un des sens les plus précoces (Holley, 1999). Mais cette double préséance ne lui a pas valu de privilège culturel dans les sociétés judéo-chrétiennes. Au contraire, penseurs et moralistes ont généralement déprécié ce sens. Pour élever l’humain au-dessus de l’animal, ils ont relégué les odeurs au primitif...
Species distribution models as a tool for early detection of the invasive Raphidiopsis raciborskii in European lakes
2022
In freshwater habitats, invasive species and the increase of cyanobacterial blooms have been identified as a major cause of biodiversity loss. The invasive cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii a toxin-producing and bloom-forming species affecting local biodiversity and ecosystem services is currently expanding its range across Europe. We used species distribution models (SDMs) and regional bioclimatic environmental variables, such as temperature and precipitation, to identify suitable areas for the colonization and survival of R. raciborskii, with special focus on the geographic extent of potential habitats in Northern Europe. SDMs predictions uncovered areas of high occurrence probabilit…
The effect of language use on the financial performance of microfinance banks: Evidence from cross-border activities in 74 countries
2019
Abstract This multi-year study examines the relationship between financial performance and language use, observing 405 partnerships between microfinance banks and their international financial partners in 74 countries. Drawing on language research in international business, we find that microfinance banks based in English-speaking, French-speaking, and Spanish-speaking countries have higher performance. Furthermore, the linguistic distance between the home country of a microfinance bank and the home country of its international partner(s) is negatively related to its financial performance. Our large-scale study confirms the effect of language use on organization-level financial performance …
Expression of angiogenic regulators, VEGF and leptin, is regulated by the EGF/PI3K/STAT3 pathway in colorectal cancer cells.
2009
Both leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are growth and angiogenic cytokines that are upregulated in different types of cancer and have been implicated in neoplastic progression. Here we investigated the molecular mechanism by which leptin and VEGF expression are regulated in colon cancer by epidermal growth factor (EGF). In colon cancer cell line HT-29, EGF induced the binding of signal transducer and activator transcription 3 (STAT3) to STAT3 consensus motifs within the VEGF and leptin promoters and stimulated leptin and VEGF mRNA and protein synthesis. All these EGF effects were significantly blocked when HT-29 cells were treated with an inhibitor of the phosphoinositide…
Big Data and Data Ownership Rights: The Case of Car Insurance
2022
Customers’ data points sources are growing, through the Internet of Things (IoT), telematics and interfacing with third parties’ platforms. Third parties provide either by-product data about their clients, or data that are generated for the specific task of a more accurate measurement of behaviour. One of the core building blocks in insurance is understanding risk – therefore, innovation around data points (sources and analytics) to proxy risk is the engine behind its digital transformation. While the value of data points is clear for the providers of insurance products and services, the customers have not only less control over their data, but also hardly benefit from the creation of thos…
Light and Primary Production Shape Bacterial Activity and Community Composition of Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria in a Microcosm Experiment
2020
ABSTRACT Phytoplankton is a key component of aquatic microbial communities, and metabolic coupling between phytoplankton and bacteria determines the fate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Yet, the impact of primary production on bacterial activity and community composition remains largely unknown, as, for example, in the case of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria that utilize both phytoplankton-derived DOC and light as energy sources. Here, we studied how reduction of primary production in a natural freshwater community affects the bacterial community composition and its activity, focusing primarily on AAP bacteria. The bacterial respiration rate was the lowest when photosynthe…
Constraints on ontology changing complexation processes: Evidence from event-related brain potentials
2010
This paper investigates complex anaphoric reference (i.e., when an anaphor refers to a propositionally structured referent). Complex anaphors (e.g., this process, this event) differ in their ontological feature setup, and the ontological type assigned to a referent can change due to the lexical meaning of the complex anaphor. Previous research has proposed that such changes have to comply with an ontological ‘abstractness constraint’ restricting the direction of ontological change. We present an event-related potential study that provides evidence that violations of the abstractness constraint result in processing costs. The data reveal that violating this constraint by shifting the referen…
Positional influences on information packaging: Insights from topological fields in German
2012
Abstract We present three event-related potential studies that investigated the contribution of givenness and position-induced topicality (what a sentence is about) to information processing. The studies compared two types of referential expressions (given and inferred noun phrases (NPs)) in distinct sentential positions. The data revealed position-specific effects, reflected by an interaction of topicality and givenness: inferred NPs registered a more pronounced Late Positivity than given NPs in the canonical sentence-medial position, but not sentence-initially (Experiment 1). Additionally, there was a stable effect of givenness across positions, reflected by an N400 for inferred over give…
A letter from Malevich to Semevsky about Kovalevskaya
2022
Abstract The biographical literature on Sofya Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya has to a large extent relied on her own memoirs, published in Vestnik Evropy only months before her death, and an autobiographical story published posthumously in Russkaya Starina. In this paper we present and discuss the full Russian text with English translation of a letter, previously unpublished, from Kovalevskaya's teacher in childhood and adolescence, Iosif Ignatyevich Malevich, to the editor of Russkaya Starina, Mikhail Ivanovich Semevsky, in which he repudiates her depreciation of his role in her schooling, criticizes her self-portrayal, and provides information about her early education which runs counter to part…