Search results for "40"

A fluorescence study of the loading and time stability of doxorubicin in sodium cholate/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer mixed micelles

2019

Abstract Hypothesis Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is one of the most powerful anticancer agents though its clinical use is impaired by severe undesired side effects. DX encapsulation in nanocarrier systems has been introduced as a mean to reduce its toxicity. Micelles of the nonionic triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) (PEO-PPO-PEO), are very promising carrier systems. The positive charge of DX confines the drug to the hydrophilic corona region of the micelles. The use of mixed micelles of PEO-PPO-PEO copolymers and a negatively charged bile salt should favour the solubilization of DX in the apolar core region of the micelles. Experiments We st…

Carbon Monoxide Activation by a Molecular Aluminium Imide: C−O Bond Cleavage and C−C Bond Formation

2020

Anionic molecular imide complexes of aluminium are accessible via a rational synthetic approach involving the reactions of organo azides with a potassium aluminyl reagent. In the case of K 2 [( NON )Al(NDipp)] 2 ( NON = 4,5‐bis(2,6‐di iso propylanilido)‐2,7‐di‐tert‐butyl‐9,9‐dimethyl‐xanthene; Dipp = 2,6‐di iso propylphenyl) structural characterization by X‐ray crystallography reveals a short Al‐N distance, which is thought to be due primarily to the low coordinate nature of the nitrogen centre. The Al‐N unit is highly polar, and capable of the activation of relatively inert chemical bonds, such as those found in dihydrogen and carbon monoxide. In the case of CO, uptake of two molecules of …

Trapping and Reactivity of a Molecular Aluminium Oxide Ion

2019

Aluminium oxides constitute an important class of inorganic compound that are widely exploited in the chemical industry as catalysts and catalyst supports. Due to the tendency for such systems to aggregate via Al‐O‐Al bridges, the synthesis of well‐defined, soluble, molecular models for these materials is challenging. Here we show that reactions of the potassium aluminyl complex K 2 [( NON )Al] 2 ( NON = 4,5‐bis(2,6‐diiso‐propylanilido)‐2,7‐di‐tert‐butyl‐9,9‐dimethylxanthene) with CO 2 , PhNCO and N 2 O all proceed via a common aluminium oxide intermediate. This highly reactive species can be trapped by coordination of a THF molecule as the anionic oxide complex [( NON )AlO(THF)] ‐ , which …

Low‐Valent Germanylidene Anions: Efficient Single‐Site Nucleophiles for Activation of Small Molecules

2021

Abstract Rare mononuclear and helical chain low‐valent germanylidene anions supported by cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene and hypermetallyl ligands were synthesised by stepwise reduction from corresponding germylene precursors via stable and isolable germanium radicals. The electronic structures of the anions can be described with ylidene and ylidone resonance forms with the Ge−C π‐electrons capable of binding even weak electrophiles. The germanylidene anions reacted with CO2 to give μ‐CO2‐κC:κO complexes, a rare coordination mode for low‐valent germanium and inaccessible for the related neutral germylones. These results implicate low‐valent germanylidene anions as efficient single‐site nucleop…

Commentary: Long-term Practice with Domain-Specific Task Constraints Influences Perceptual Skills.

2018

On the use of composite indicators for mobile communications network management in smart sustainable cities

2020

Beyond 5G networks will be fundamental towards enabling sustainable mobile communication networks. One of the most challenging scenarios will be met in ultra-dense networks that are deployed in densely populated areas. In this particular case, mobile network operators should benefit from new assessment metrics and data science tools to ensure an effective management of their networks. In fact, incorporating architectures allowing a cognitive network management framework could simplify processes and enhance the network&rsquo

Enhancing the Iterative Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

2021

Motivated by recent research on the iterative approach proposed for the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method, some ideas to improve the process are introduced. The standard procedure is enhanced iterating on the residuals preserving the matrix-free nature of the process. The method is appealing providing reasonable results with disordered data distribution too and no kernel variations are needed in the approximation. This work moves forward with a novel formulation requiring a lower number of iterations to reach a desired accuracy. The computational procedure is described and some results are introduced to appreciate the proposed formulation.

Evaluation of the impact of training effort in workers employability within the institutional Spanish training model

2011

Resumen tomado de la publicación Título, resumen y palabras clave en español e inglés Disponible la versión en inglés Se analiza la asociación entre cantidad de formación y empleabilidad mediante una investigación no experimental con dos grupos no equivalentes. Se considera que la operativización de la cantidad de formación proporciona un indicador próximo al esfuerzo formativo realizado. Así, se estudió la variable independiente esfuerzo formativo (número de cursos) y la dependiente, empleabilidad (indicadores de ocupación, enriquecimiento de actividad y desempeño). Los resultados muestran que la formación está asociada al enriquecimiento de la actividad, sobretodo si los trabajadores pert…

Is the European Commission a hothouse for supranationalism? : theorising and exploring the world of Commission civil servants

2005

Does the European Commission (Commission) manage to transform and re-direct the roles played by Commission civil servants? To test the old neo-functionalist claim on loyalty transfer among civil servants, this article provides fresh survey and interview data on seconded national experts in the Commission. The transformative powers of the Commission are tested by assessing the extent to which seconded national experts adopt supranational role perceptions. Theoretically, the emergence of supranational role perceptions is accounted for by considering (i) processes of pre-socialisation outside the Commission, (ii) processes of resocialisation inside the Commission, and (iii) organisational inco…

SULLA NATURA GIURIDICA DEL RAPPORTO TRA AMMINISTRATORE E SOCIETÀ PER AZIONI

2017

Il presente lavoro analizza la recente pronuncia della Suprema Corte a Sezioni Unite (Cass., 20.01.2017, n. 1545, S.U.) sulla natura del rapporto intercorrente tra amministratore e società di capitali, in cui la Cassazione abbandona la tesi della parasubordinazione per abbracciare quella dell'immedesimazione organica di tipo societario.