Search results for "50"
showing 10 items of 28518 documents
Socioeconomic differences in the use of alcohol and drunkenness in adolescents: Trends in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study in Finla…
2018
Aims: The aims of this study were to explore time-based trends of socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness in Finnish adolescents from 1990 to 2014 and to investigate the significance of two indicators in detecting socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness. Methods: Data were retrieved from seven surveys conducted as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Finland from 1990 to 2014. The alcohol use and drunkenness of 15-year-old students, as well as socioeconomic status, including educational aspiration and perceived family wealth, were assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to investigate t…
Stationary, Second Use Battery Energy Storage Systems and Their Applications: A Research Review
2021
The global demand for electricity is rising due to the increased electrification of multiple sectors of economic activity and an increased focus on sustainable consumption. Simultaneously, the share of cleaner electricity generated by transient, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy is increasing. This has made additional buffer capacities for electrical grids necessary. Battery energy storage systems have been investigated as storage solutions due to their responsiveness, efficiency, and scalability. Storage systems based on the second use of discarded electric vehicle batteries have been identified as cost-efficient and sustainable alternatives to first use battery storage syste…
When Investment in Basic Skills Gives Negative Returns
2017
In recent years, the Norwegian government has invested heavily in improving basic skills in the adult population. Initiatives have included legislation, the introduction of work-based adult education programs, and reforms in schooling. In light of this investment, we explore trends in adult literacy and numeracy, by comparing data from two international surveys of adult skills, conducted in 2003 and 2012. Paradoxically, the proportion of low-performing adults appears to have increased, most significantly in the 16- to 24-year age group and in the foreign-born population. The profile of the lowest performing group has changed in the intervening years. These findings suggest that adult educa…
Kan mobile applikasjoner bidra til livsstilsendring? : en kvalitativ studie av treningsapplikasjonen Styrk!
2016
Masteroppgave i helse- og sosialinformatikk- Universitetet i Agder, 2016 Smartphones and mobile applications has gradually become an integrated part of everyday life for many people. There are applications for most areas of life, and an increasing amount of new apps are related to health and fitness. At the same time the developed countries of the world, including Norway, struggles within activity and the health problems that comes with it. It is a fact that most non-communicable diseases are related to inactivity, and increasing the level of physical activity among the population is important for prevention of these diseases. For those already affected by a noncomunicable disease a change …
A Novel Pathophysiological Mechanism Contributing to Trigeminal Neuralgia
2016
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a form of neuropathic pain that affects the fifth cranial nerve, the most widely distributed nerve in the head. Although TN has been associated with a variety of pathological conditions, neurovascular compression on the trigeminal nerve, as it exits the brain stem, is the most frequent reported cause. This compression provides a progressive demyelination of the nerve and a subsequent aberrant neural transmission. Although several studies have clarified some physiopathological mechanisms underlying TN, the molecular basis remains vague. Very recently the substitution of methionine 136 by valine (MET126Val) in sodium channel Nav1.6 in a case study of typical TN ha…
Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample
2022
The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of …
Black Queen Evolution and Trophic Interactions Determine Plasmid Survival after the Disruption of the Conjugation Network
2018
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is often a part of mobile genetic elements that move from one bacterium to another. By interfering with the horizontal movement and the maintenance of these elements, it is possible to remove the resistance from the population. Here, we show that a so-called plasmid-dependent bacteriophage causes the initially resistant bacterial population to become susceptible to antibiotics. However, this effect is efficiently countered when the system also contains a predator that feeds on bacteria. Moreover, when the environment contains antibiotics, the survival of resistance is dependent on the resistance mechanism. When bacteria can help their contemporaries to degrad…
Dipeptidyl Enoates As Potent Rhodesain Inhibitors That Display a Dual Mode of Action
2015
Dipeptidyl enoates were prepared through a high-yielding two-step synthetic route. They have a dipeptidic structure with a 4-oxoenoate moiety as a warhead with multiple reactive sites. Dipeptidyl enoates were screened against rhodesain and human cathepsins B and L, and were found to be potent and selective inhibitors of rhodesain. Among them (S,E)-ethyl 5-((S)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-3-phenylpropanamido)-7-methyl-4-oxooct-2-enoate (6) was the most potent, with an IC50 value of 16.4 nm and kinact/Ki=1.6×106 m−1 s−1 against rhodesain. These dipeptidyl enoates display a reversible mode of inhibition at very low concentrations and an irreversible mode at higher concentrations. Inhibition…
On the transcendental undercurrents of phenomenology: the case of the living body
2021
AbstractToday the phenomenological concept of the lived body figures centrally in several philosophical and special scientific debates. In these wide and widening fields, the concept is used with multiple different meanings. In order to clarify and delineate the debates, this paper provides an explication of the phenomenological-transcendental methods. It argues that these methods help us remove the most fundamental ambiguities of the concept of embodiment by distinguishing between the main constituents of the lived body and by illuminating their mutual relations.
Domesticating the future?: Citizen’s income discussion in Estonia
2018
ABSTRACTCitizen’s income is an idea that is currently gaining ground in many parts of the world. The prospect of disappearing jobs and social exclusion that the globalized world faces has given the...