Search results for "A2"

showing 10 items of 1101 documents

Advanced time-stamped total data acquisition control front-end for MeV ion beam microscopy and proton beam writing

2013

Many ion-matter interactions exhibit [email protected] time dependences such as, fluorophore emission quenching and ion beam induced charge (IBIC). Conventional event-mode MeV ion microbeam data acquisition systems discard the time information. Here we describe a fast time-stamping data acquisition front-end based on the concurrent processing capabilities of a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The system is intended for MeV ion microscopy and MeV ion beam lithography. The speed of the system (>240,000 events s^-^1 for four analogue to digital converters (ADC)) is limited by the ADC throughput and data handling speed of the host computer.

Materials scienceIon beamta221Analytical chemistryHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYIon beam lithographyProton beam writingFront and back endsComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureData acquisitionOpticsMicroscopyHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSElectrical and Electronic EngineeringField-programmable gate arrayHardware_REGISTER-TRANSFER-LEVELIMPLEMENTATIONta114business.industryta1182MicrobeamCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessMicroelectronic Engineering
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Photoalignment and Surface-Relief-Grating Formation are Efficiently Combined in Low-Molecular-Weight Halogen-Bonded Complexes

2012

It is demonstrated that halogen bonding can be used to construct low-molecular-weight supramolecular complexes with unique light-responsive properties. In particular, halogen bonding drives the formation of a photoresponsive liquid-crystalline complex between a non-mesogenic halogen bond-donor molecule incorporating an azo group, and a non-mesogenic alkoxystilbazole moiety, acting as a halogen bond-acceptor. Upon irradiation with polarized light, the complex exhibits a high degree of photoinduced anisotropy (order parameter of molecular alignment > 0.5). Moreover, efficient photoinduced surface-relief-grating (SRG) formation occurs upon irradiation with a light interference pattern, with…

Materials scienceLightSurface Propertiesta221Supramolecular chemistryPhotochemistrysupramolecular complexeschemistry.chemical_compoundHalogensliquid crystalsLiquid crystalMaterials TestingMoietyMoleculeGeneral Materials Scienceliquid crystalta218Halogen bondta214Azobenzeneta114Mechanical Engineeringself-assemblyMolecular WeightRefractometryazobenzeneAzobenzenechemistryMechanics of Materialshalogen bondingHalogenazobenzene; halogen bonding; liquid crystals; self-assembly; supramolecular complexesSelf-assemblySettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologiesurface relief gratings
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Domain wall induced modulation of low field H-T phase diagram in patterned superconductor-ferromagnet stripes

2019

We present a systematic study of the magnetic domain wall induced modulation of superconducting transition temperature (Tc) in Nb/Ni bilayer stripes. By varying the thickness of the Ni layer from 20 nm to 100 nm we have been able to measure the low field Tc-H phase diagram spanning the Neel domain wall and Bloch domain wall range of thicknesses. Micromagnetic simulations and magnetic force microscopy measurements confirmed a stronger out-of-plane stray field in the Bloch domain walls compared to the Neel walls. A suppression in Tc was observed in the magnetization reversal region of the Ni film, the magnitude of which followed linearly to the strength of the out-of-plane stray field due to …

Materials scienceMagnetic domainta221FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologysuperconductors01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)0103 physical sciencesPhase diagram010302 applied physicsSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsta114Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityDemagnetizing field021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Domain wall (magnetism)Ferromagnetismthin filmsMagnetic force microscopeohutkalvot0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsAIP Advances
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Solvothermal synthesis derived Co-Ga codoped ZnO diluted magnetic degenerated semiconductor nanocrystals

2018

Authors kindly acknowledge to the Estonian Research Council ( PUT1096 , IUT2-25 , PUT735 ), the Estonian Centre of Excellence in Research project “Advanced materials and high-technology devices for sustainable energetics, sensorics and nanoelectronics (TK141), and the financial support of HZB. We are grateful to the staff of BESSY II for the assistance and co-operation during the synchrotron-based measurements.

Materials scienceMagnetismSolvothermal synthesisAnalytical chemistryNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSolvothermal synthesisMetalMagnetization:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]DopingMaterials Chemistryta216Plasmonta114Mechanical EngineeringDopingMetals and Alloys021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesPlasmonic nanocrystalsNanocrystalMechanics of Materialsvisual_artZnOvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDiluted magnetic semiconductors0210 nano-technologyDegenerated semiconductorsJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Sorption properties of torrefied wood and charcoal

2014

AbstractPre-treating biomass by torrefaction is assumed to improve the material's storage properties because of reducing hydrophilicity. In order to assess the effect of sorption on storage properties, the adsorption of water vapour and capillary absorption of liquid water in torrefied and charred spruce and birch were studied. In addition, the chemical changes were evaluated through Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Adsorption decreased notably as severity of treatment increased, as was expected due to degradation of the wood constituents, namely hemicelluloses and amorphous cellulose. Capillary absorption increased with increasing severity in spruce samples while birch show…

Materials scienceMoistureSorptionTorrefactionta4112chemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionChemical engineeringchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceAbsorption (chemistry)CelluloseComposite materialCharcoalPorosityta216ta116Wood material science and engineering
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Structural and chemical analysis of annealed plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition aluminum nitride films

2016

Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition was utilized to grow aluminum nitride (AlN) films on Si from trimethylaluminum and N2:H2 plasma at 200 °C. Thermal treatments were then applied on the films which caused changes in their chemical composition and nanostructure. These changes were observed to manifest in the refractive indices and densities of the films. The AlN films were identified to contain light element impurities, namely, H, C, and excess N due to nonideal precursor reactions. Oxygen contamination was also identified in the films. Many of the embedded impurities became volatile in the elevated annealing temperatures. Most notably, high amounts of H were observed to desorb from the…

Materials scienceNanostructureAnnealing (metallurgy)ta221Analytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyNitride01 natural sciencesimpuritiesAtomic layer depositionImpurity0103 physical sciences010302 applied physicsta213Wide-bandgap semiconductorSurfaces and Interfacesatomikerroskasvatus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAmorphous solidCarbon filmatomic layer depositionaluminum nitride films0210 nano-technologyepäpuhtaudetJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology A
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Rational design of ABC triblock terpolymer solution nanostructures with controlled patch morphology

2016

Block copolymers self-assemble into a variety of nanostructures that are relevant for science and technology. While the assembly of diblock copolymers is largely understood, predicting the solution assembly of triblock terpolymers remains challenging due to complex interplay of block/block and block/solvent interactions. Here we provide guidelines for the self-assembly of linear ABC triblock terpolymers into a large variety of multicompartment nanostructures with C corona and A/B cores. The ratio of block lengths NC/NA thereby controls micelle geometry to spheres, cylinders, bilayer sheets and vesicles. The insoluble blocks then microphase separate to core A and surface patch B, where NB co…

Materials scienceNanostructureScienceta221ChemieGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMicelleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleCopolymer[CHIM]Chemical SciencesLamellar structureSoft matterMultidisciplinaryta114VesicleBilayerQGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringPolymersome0210 nano-technology
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Infrared pulsed laser deposition of niobium nitride thin films

2011

We have successfully fabricated superconducting niobium nitride thin films on single crystals of magnesium oxide using a pulsed laser deposition technique where 1064 nm (photon energy ~1.16 eV) laser pulses from an Nd:YAG laser were used for ablation. A correlation between the superconducting transition temperature, the nitrogen base pressure during deposition and the lattice parameter of the produced NbN films was observed. Superconductor-insulator-normal metal junctions fabricated using these NbN films as the superconductor revealed nonlinear electrical characteristics at 4.2 K associated with quasiparticle tunneling.

Materials scienceNiobium nitrideLaser ablationCondensed matter physicsta114business.industryFar-infrared laserPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulsed laser depositionlaw.inventionSemiconductor laser theoryCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityNd:YAG laserOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmbusinessta216IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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X-ray micro-tomography based FEM modelling of hygroexpansion in PLA composites reinforced with birch pulp fibres

2017

This article presents a microscale modelling approach coupled with X-ray computed micro-tomography for the evaluation of material properties of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced by birch pulp fibers under the effect of moisture. The results in terms of elastic moduli and hygroexpansion deformation were found in good agreement with the measurements taken at different levels of water uptake.

Materials sciencePLA compositesengineering.materialchemistry.chemical_compoundimage-based modelingPolylactic acidX-ray micro-tomographyFEM-ohjelmistotComposite materialta216Elastic modulusMicroscale chemistryta212hygroexpansionFEMta114MoistureMechanical EngineeringPulp (paper)X-rayFinite element methodimage-based modellingchemistryMechanics of MaterialsengineeringArtikkelitwooden fibersMaterial propertiesRakenteiden Mekaniikka
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Tunable phonon-cavity coupling in graphene membranes

2016

A major achievement of the past decade has been the realization of macroscopic quantum systems by exploiting the interactions between optical cavities and mechanical resonators. In these systems, phonons are coherently annihilated or created in exchange for photons. Similar phenomena have recently been observed through phonon-cavity coupling - energy exchange between the modes of a single system mediated by intrinsic material nonlinearity. This has so far been demonstrated primarily for bulk crystalline, high-quality-factor (Q > 105) mechanical systems operated at cryogenic temperatures. Here, we propose graphene as an ideal candidate for the study of such nonlinear mechanics. The large …

Materials sciencePhononta221Biomedical EngineeringFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionphonon-cavity couplinglaw0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsOptomechanicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryGraphene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCoupling (electronics)MembraneOptoelectronicsgraphene membranes0210 nano-technologybusiness
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