Search results for "ACID"

showing 10 items of 13107 documents

TREATMENT WITH SILDENAFIL PREVENTS IMPAIRMENT OF LEARNING IN RATS BORN TO PRE-ECLAMPTIC MOTHERS

2010

Pre-eclampsia is an important hypertensive pregnancy disorder and a main cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality Children born from mothers with preeclampsia may present cognitive deficits The mechanisms leading to this cognitive impairment remain unclear and no treatments to improve it have been tested Pre-eclampsia is associated with impaired regulation of the nitric oxide 3 5 guanosine monophosphate cyclic (cGMP) pathway, which modulates some cognitive functions We hypothesized that alterations in the NO-cGMP pathway would be involved in the mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment in rats born to pre-eclamptic mothers and that treatment with sildenafil an inhibitor of the …

medicine.medical_specialtyMicrodialysisSildenafilPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsMicrodialysisGlutamic AcidBlood PressureMotor ActivityNitric OxidePiperazinesSildenafil CitrateNitric oxideDiscrimination Learningchemistry.chemical_compoundPre-EclampsiaIn vivoPregnancynitric oxideInternal medicineCerebellummedicineAnimalsLearningSulfonesMaze LearningCyclic GMPFetusbiologyGeneral NeurosciencePhosphodiesteraseCognitionpre eclampsiaRatsNitric oxide synthaseEndocrinologyNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterchemistryPurinesPrenatal Exposure Delayed Effectsbiology.proteinFemale3-5 guanosine monophosphate cyclic (cGMP)Nitric Oxide SynthasePsychologycognitive function sildenafil
researchProduct

Perturbed Glucose Metabolism: Insights into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis

2014

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex debilitating disease of the central nervous system perceived to result from the autoimmune effect of T cells in damaging myelin sheath. However, the exact pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive. Initial studies describing the possibility of defective pyruvate metabolism in MS were performed in 1950s. The group observed elevated blood pyruvate level in both fasting and postprandial times in MS patients with relapse. Similarly, other investigators also reported increased fasting pyruvate level in this disease. These reports hint to a possible abnormality of pyruvate metabolism in MS patients. In addition, increase in levels of Krebs cycle acids like a…

medicine.medical_specialtyMini ReviewCentral nervous systemDiseaseCarbohydrate metabolismBioinformaticsmultiple sclerosislcsh:RC346-429PathogenesisInternal medicinebrain glucose metabolismmedicineneurodegenerative diseaseslcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemmitochondrial defectsbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisand neurodegenerative diseasesmedicine.diseasecell-specific mechanismsReview articleCitric acid cycleMetabolic pathwaymedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurologyNeurology (clinical)businessNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neurology
researchProduct

Mitochondrial dysfunction in cholestatic liver diseases

2011

et al.

medicine.medical_specialtyMitochondrial DNABiliary cirrhosisMitochondrial HepatopathyApoptosisReviewBiologyMitochondrionmedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLiver diseaseCholestasisInternal medicinemedicineHumansBiología y BiomedicinaCholestasisGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyLiver Diseasesmedicine.diseaseBile acidsCell biologyMitochondriaEndocrinologyMitochondrial biogenesisOxidative stressMitochondrial functionMitochondrial dysfunctionOxidative stressFrontiers in Bioscience (Elite edition) 4: 2233-2252 (2012)
researchProduct

Expression and cellular localization of kininogens in the human kidney

1996

Expression and cellular localization of kininogens in the human kidney. Human high (H) and low (L) molecular weight kininogens are encoded by distinct mRNAs derived by alternative splicing from a single kininogen gene. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of L-kininogen but not of H-kininogen in the distal nephron structures of the kidney. Using the highly sensitive reverse trancriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) we have been able to demonstrate the expression of both H-kininogen mRNA and L-kininogen mRNA in kidney and liver. The presence of H- and L-kininogen antigen was shown immunohistochemically by applying specific antibodies that discriminate between the two types o…

medicine.medical_specialtyMolecular Sequence DataBiologyKidneyPolymerase Chain ReactionInternal medicinemedicineHumansAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerCellular localizationKidneyMessenger RNAKininogenKininogensurogenital systemAlternative splicingKidney metabolismKallikreinImmunohistochemistryCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNephrologyImmunohistochemistrycirculatory and respiratory physiologyKidney International
researchProduct

Ca2+ entry blockers inhibit prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced cerebrovascular contractile responses in goats.

1991

We examined the effects of extracellular Ca2+ withdrawal and of Ca2+ entry blockers on goat cerebrovascular responses to prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha). We measured isometric tension in isolated middle cerebral arteries, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in unanesthetized animals. PGF2 alpha produced concentration-dependent contractions of isolated arteries. The contractions were partially inhibited by incubation in Ca(2+)-free medium (by 63.1 +/- 1.8% without ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-amino-ethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetra-a cetate (EGTA), and by 82.4 +/- 3.7% with EGTA). The Ca2+ entry blockers inhibited PGF2 alpha-elicited contraction and relaxed PGF2 alpha-precontracted arteries (nicardipine…

medicine.medical_specialtyMuscle RelaxationNicardipineCerebral arteriesProstaglandinIn Vitro TechniquesDinoprostCerebral circulationchemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicine.arteryIsometric ContractionmedicineAnimalsNimodipineEgtazic AcidPharmacologyGoatsCerebral ArteriesCalcium Channel BlockersEndocrinologychemistryVasoconstrictionCerebrovascular CirculationCirculatory systemMiddle cerebral arteryVerapamilCalciumFemalemedicine.drugEuropean journal of pharmacology
researchProduct

Prognostic value of blood lactate in critically ill patients

1984

Hyperlactatemia is frequently observed in critically ill patients. A correlation of blood lactate concentrations and outcome of patients has been proven in circulatory shock, circulatory arrest, acute myocardial infarction, acute hypnotic drug poisoning and severe pancreatitis. However, the prognostic relevance of hyperlactatemia yields from statistical examinations in larger groups of patients. It should not be misused as a reliable prognostic sign in the individual patient, but is of high value in comparing groups of patients. In individual patients, hyperlactatemia is a useful indicator pointing to the severity of illness and to superimposed complications. Blood lactate is of considerabl…

medicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial InfarctionEmergency NursingSeverity of illnessmedicineHumansHypnotics and SedativesLactic AcidMyocardial infarctionIntensive care medicineMonitoring PhysiologicAcidosisCritically illbusiness.industryPoisoningShockPrognosismedicine.diseaseHeart ArrestIntensive Care UnitsPancreatitisShock (circulatory)Acute DiseaseCirculatory systemLactatesEmergency MedicinePancreatitisHyperlactatemiamedicine.symptomAcidosisCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessResuscitation
researchProduct

A review of recent evidence in human studies of n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake on cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depressive disorders: does the ratio r…

2015

AbstractPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been considered of great interest for human health due to their potential anti-inflammatory action that may protect from a number of chronic-degenerative diseases with an inflammatory pathogenesis. This review aimed to report the most updated evidence of both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs effect on cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depression in humans. Attention has been also paid to those studies exploring the effects of the ratio intake. Results from pooled analyses of human studies reported a general positive effect of n-3 PUFAs intake on all outcomes considered. In contrast, the role of n-6 PUFAs on human health needs to be better assessed in orde…

medicine.medical_specialtyN 6 pufachronic diseases inflammation polyunsaturated fatty acidsDiseaseBiologyBioinformaticsHuman healthInternal medicineFatty Acids Omega-6NeoplasmsFatty Acids Omega-3medicineHumansSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateDepression (differential diagnoses)chemistry.chemical_classificationDepressive DisorderHuman studiesfood and beveragesCancermedicine.diseaseEndocrinologychemistryCardiovascular Diseaseslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Food AnalysisFood SciencePolyunsaturated fatty acidInternational journal of food sciences and nutrition
researchProduct

Nephrotoxicity of ibandronate and zoledronate in Wistar rats with normal renal function and after unilateral nephrectomy.

2015

A previous animal study compared the nephrotoxic effect of ibandronate (IBN) and zoledronate (ZOL), but interpretation of these study results was limited because of the model of minimal nephrotoxic dosage with a dosage ratio of 1:3. The present study investigated the nephrotoxicity of ibandronate and zoledronate in a 1.5:1 dose ratio, as used in clinical practice and compared the nephrotoxicity in rats with normal and with mildly to moderately impaired renal function. We compared rats with normal renal function (SHAM) and with impaired renal function after unilateral nephrectomy (UNX), treated either with ibandronate 1.5mg/kg, zoledronate 1mg/kg or placebo once (1×) or nine (9×) times. Rena…

medicine.medical_specialtyNecrosisMedullary cavitymedicine.medical_treatmentRenal functionPlaceboKidneyNephrectomyZoledronic AcidNephrotoxicityInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansRenal InsufficiencyRats WistarIbandronic AcidPharmacologyBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryImidazolesUnilateral nephrectomyBisphosphonateRatsEndocrinologyToxicityFemalemedicine.symptombusinessPharmacological research
researchProduct

Effect of oral glutathione on hepatic glutathione levels in rats and mice

1989

Administration of oral glutathione (GSH) increases hepatic GSH levels in fasted rats, in mice treated with GSH depletors such as diethyl maleate and in mice treated with high doses of paracetamol. An increase in hepatic GSH levels after administration of oral GSH does not occur in animals treated with buthionine sulphoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. Administration of oral GSH leads to an increase in the concentration of l-cysteine, a precursor of GSH, in portal blood plasma. Oral administration of l-methionine produced a significant decrease of hepatic ATP in fasted rats, but not in fed rats. Administration ofN−acetylcysteine or GSH did not affect the hepatic ATP levels. The results …

medicine.medical_specialtyNecrosisRatónMedicine (miscellaneous)Micechemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine TriphosphateMethionineBiosynthesisOral administrationInternal medicineHepatic glutathionemedicineAnimalsCysteineAcetaminophenchemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsChemistryMaleatesRats Inbred StrainsFastingGlutathioneGlutathioneAcetylcysteineRatsAmino acidEndocrinologyLiverMechanism of actionmedicine.symptomBritish Journal of Nutrition
researchProduct

Use of Zoledronic Acid in a Neonate with Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis Complicated with Severe, Refractory Hypercalcemia.

2019

Objective Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) is a rare condition that may occur in the neonatal period. SCFN is an inflammatory disorder of the adipose tissue, usually found in full-term healthy infants who have a history of intrauterine or perinatal distress. It is usually a self-limited condition; however, in some cases, it can get complicated, leading to severe hypercalcemia that may be life-threatening. Study Design We report and describe a classic presentation of SCFN that led to severe hypercalcemia refractory to standard treatment. The diagnosis of SCFN was made based on the finding of subcutaneous nodules and of hypercalcemia. The serum calcium level reached 16.6 mg/dL. Hypercalcemia…

medicine.medical_specialtyNecrosisTerm BirthDrug ResistanceSubcutaneous FatAdipose tissuehypercalcemia; neonate; subcutaneous fat necrosis; zoledronic acid; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Calcium; Drug Resistance; Fat Necrosis; Female; Furosemide; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Infant Newborn; Methylprednisolone; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Subcutaneous Fat; Term Birth; Zoledronic AcidGastroenterologyMethylprednisoloneZoledronic AcidRefractorySodium Potassium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsFurosemideInternal medicinesubcutaneous fat necrosismedicineHumansFat necrosisFat NecrosisGlucocorticoidsBone Density Conservation Agentsbusiness.industryStandard treatmentInfant NewbornObstetrics and GynecologyFurosemideInfantmedicine.diseaseNewbornZoledronic acidMethylprednisolonePediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthHypercalcemiaCalciumFemalemedicine.symptomneonatebusinessmedicine.drugAmerican journal of perinatology
researchProduct