Search results for "ACIDS"
showing 10 items of 3520 documents
Evolutionary advantage conferred by an eukaryote-to-eukaryote gene transfer event in wine yeasts
2015
Although an increasing number of horizontal gene transfers have been reported in eukaryotes, experimental evidence for their adaptive value is lacking. Here, we report the recent transfer of a 158-kb genomic region between Torulaspora microellipsoides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts or closely related strains. This genomic region has undergone several rearrangements in S. cerevisiae strains, including gene loss and gene conversion between two tandemly duplicated FOT genes encoding oligopeptide transporters. We show that FOT genes confer a strong competitive advantage during grape must fermentation by increasing the number and diversity of oligopeptides that yeast can utilize as a s…
Acid–base properties of functionalised tripodal polyamines and their interaction with nucleotides and nucleic acids
2010
Novel, highly positively charged tripodal polyamines with appended heterocyclic moieties revealed an intriguing panel of protonation species within the biologically relevant range. Studied compounds bind nucleotide monophosphates by mostly electrostatic interactions but only the imidazole analogue showed selectivity toward UMP in respect to other nucleotides. Strong binding of all the studied compounds to both ds-DNA and ds-RNA is to some extent selective toward the latter, showing rather rare RNA over DNA preference.
Hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) of polyunsaturated fatty acids track bioconversion by zooplankton
2022
1. Organisms at the base of aquatic food webs synthesize essential nutrients, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), which are transferred to consumers at higher trophic levels. Many consumers, requiring n-3 long-chain (LC) PUFA, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have limited ability to biosynthesize them from the essential dietary precursor α-linolenic acid (ALA) and thus rely on dietary provision of LC-PUFA. 2. We investigated LC-PUFA metabolism in freshwater zooplankton using stable hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) of fatty acids as tracers. We conducted feeding experiments with the freshwater keystone grazer Daphnia to quantify changes in the δ2…
HPLC/HRMS and GC/MS for Triacylglycerols Characterization of Tuna Fish Oils Obtained from Green Extraction
2023
Background: Fish oil is one of the most common lipidic substances that is consumed as a dietary supplement. The high omega-3 fatty acid content in fish oil is responsible for its numerous health benefits. Fish species such as mackerel, herring, tuna, and salmon are particularly rich in these lipids, which contain two essential omega-3 fatty acids, known as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Objectives: Due to the scarcity of information in the literature, this study aimed to conduct a qualitative and quantitative characterization of triglycerides (TAGs) in crude tuna fish oil using HPLC/HRMS. Fatty acid (FA) determination was also performed using GC/MS. The tuna fis…
Effect of farming system and cheese making technology on quality traits and fatty acid profile of Caciocavallo Palermitano cheese at different ripeni…
2011
The Caciocavallo Palermitano is a typical stretched curd cheese made from cow milk, mainly in the Western Sicily. The aim of this investigation was to verify the influence of farming system and cheese making process (traditional with wood tools and natural endemic flora vs. innovative with modern stainless steel tools and selected lactic bacteria) on qualitative characteristics, including fatty acid (FA) profile, of Caciocavallo Palermitano at different ripening time. Cheeses were obtained from bulk milk from two farms: one extensive rearing a local breed fed at pasture and one intensive rearing a specialized dairy breed fed mainly hay and concentrate. Milk and cheese properties and FA prof…
Effects of UV Radiation and Diet on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Skin, Ocular Tissue and Dorsal Muscle of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Held in…
2010
Article published in Photochemistry and Photobiology, 86 (4): 909-919 JUL-AUG 2010 The effect of UV radiation (UVR) on juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was assessed by measuring the fatty acid (FA) profiles of muscle, dorsal and ventral skin, and ocular tissues following 4-month long exposures to four different UVR treatments in outdoor rearing tanks. Fish were fed two different diets (Anchovy- and Herring-oil based) that differed in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations. Anchovy-fed salmon had higher concentrations of ALA (alpha-linoleic acid; 18:3n-3), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid; 20:5n-3) and DPA (docosapentaenoic acid, 22:5n-3) in their muscle tissues than fish fed the H…
Main protein component of high density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A1, modulates leukocyte cell respiration
2015
HDL:n (high density lipoprotein) pääproteiinikomponentin, apolipoproteiini A1:n (ApoA1), on todettu lisäävän glykolyysia ja oksidatiivista fosforylaatiota hiiren luurankolihassoluissa. ApoA1:llä oletetaan myös olevan merkittävä rooli lihaksen normaalissa aineenvaihdunnassa ja siihen liittyvissä sairauksissa. ApoA1 vaikuttaa leukosyyttien aktivaatioon ja jakautumiseen säätelemällä solun sisäistä kolesterolitasoa. Nämä muutokset vaikuttavat myös solun aineenvaihduntaan. ApoA1:n suoranaista vaikutusta leukosyyttien soluhengitykseen ei kuitenkaan ole aiemmin tutkittu. Aiemmin on esitetty, että leukosyyttejä voitaisiin käyttää biomarkkerina kuvaamaan muutoksia mitokondrioiden toiminnassa aineenv…
The role of lipid metabolism in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance inCraterostigma plantagineum: a comparative approach
2013
Summary Dehydration leads to different physiological and biochemical responses in plants. We analysed the lipid composition and the expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis in the desiccation-tolerant plant Craterostigma plantagineum. A comparative approach was carried out with Lindernia brevidens (desiccation tolerant) and two desiccation-sensitive species, Lindernia subracemosa and Arabidopsis thaliana. In C. plantagineum the total lipid content remained constant while the lipid composition underwent major changes during desiccation. The most prominent change was the removal of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) from the thylakoids. Analysis of molecular species composition rev…
Regulation of hdc expression and HDC activity by enological factors in lactic acid bacteria.
2008
Aims: The aim of this work was to study the influence of enological factors on the histidine decarboxylase gene (hdc) expression and on histidine decarboxylase enzyme (HDC) activity in Lactobacillus hilgardii, Pediococcus parvulus and Oenococcus oeni. Methods and Results: Cell extracts and whole cells were used. Glucose, fructose, malic acid and citric acid diminished the hdc expression. Ethanol did not increase hdc expression or activity in cells, but increased HDC activity. Temperature and pH had effect on the activity of HDC but not on hdc expression. Tartaric acid and l-lactic acid, and sulphur dioxide (SO2) had no effect on enzyme synthesis and activity. Bacterial species differ in t…
CYGD: the Comprehensive Yeast Genome Database.
2005
The comprehensive resource is available under http://mips.gsf.de/genre/proj/yeast/.; International audience; The Comprehensive Yeast Genome Database (CYGD) compiles a comprehensive data resource for information on the cellular functions of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related species, chosen as the best understood model organism for eukaryotes. The database serves as a common resource generated by a European consortium, going beyond the provision of sequence information and functional annotations on individual genes and proteins. In addition, it provides information on the physical and functional interactions among proteins as well as other genetic elements. These cellular network…