Search results for "ACOUSTIC"

showing 10 items of 1590 documents

A novel arousal-based individual screening reveals susceptibility and resilience to PTSD-like phenotypes in mice

2021

Translational animal models for studying post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are valuable for elucidating the poorly understood neurobiology of this neuropsychiatric disorder. These models should encompass crucial features, including persistence of PTSD-like phenotypes triggered after exposure to a single traumatic event, trauma susceptibility/resilience and predictive validity. Here we propose a novel arousal-based individual screening (AIS) model that recapitulates all these features. The AIS model was designed by coupling the traumatization (24 h restraint) of C57BL/6 J mice with a novel individual screening. This screening consists of z-normalization of post-trauma changes in startle …

Physiology5-trial SM 5-trial social memoryBiochemistryFight-or-flight responseFST forced swim test0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologySSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsDSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersOriginal Research ArticleFear conditioningmedia_commonHT hypothalamusAIS arousal-based individual screeningQP351-495ParoxetinePhenotypeHPA hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenalBST basal synaptic transmissionHIP hippocampusPTSD post-traumatic stress disorder[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Psychological resilienceAmy amygdalaRC321-571medicine.drugNeurophysiology and neuropsychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectBDNF brain derived neurotropic factorFear conditioningNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiologyStressArousal03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceAnimal model Fear conditioning Resilience Stress Susceptibility Z-scoreAnimal modelCORT corticosteroneOF open fieldTE trauma-exposedBiological neural networkmedicineAnimal model[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]C controlfEPSPs field excitatory post-synaptic potentialsSGK1 serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1RC346-429Molecular BiologyResilienceEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsZ-scoremPFC medial prefrontal cortexFKBP5 FK506 binding protein 5FDA Food and Drug AdministrationASR acoustic startle reactivityEPM elevated plus maze030227 psychiatrySusceptibilityAnimal model; Fear conditioning; Resilience; Stress; Susceptibility; Z-scoreNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurobiology of Stress
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Effect of acetylcholine and dopamine iontophoretically applied on the sensory responsive caudate unit

1986

A putative integrative function of the striatum was evaluated through the study of the electrical activity of sensory responsive caudate neurones. Both nervous (radial nerve) and auditory stimulations were delivered in order to characterize populations of neurones affected by peripheral stimuli; the units were previously activated by iontophoretic glutamate. On these units the iontophoretic ejection of ACh and DA was tested. Experimental results demonstrated a prevalent excitatory effect of ACh, while DA appeared to exert a drastic decrease on firing rate. A comparison between peripheral stimuli and chemical substances was made. The result of such study showed a most important action of the…

PhysiologyDopamineCaudate nucleusStriatumBiologyInhibitory postsynaptic potentialBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDopaminemedicineAnimalsNeurotransmitterNeuronsIontophoresisAcetylcholineElectric StimulationSensory neuronmedicine.anatomical_structureAcoustic StimulationchemistryCatsExcitatory postsynaptic potentialCaudate NucleusNeuroscienceAcetylcholinemedicine.drugArchives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie
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Guided ultrasonic waves in long bones: modelling, experiment and in vivo application.

2002

Existing ultrasound devices for assessing the human tibia are based on detecting the first arriving signal, corresponding to a wave propagating at, or close to, the bulk longitudinal velocity in bone. However, human long bones are effectively irregular hollow tubes and should theoretically support the propagation of more complex guided modes similar to Lamb waves in plates. Guided waves are attractive because they propagate throughout the bone thickness and can potentially yield more information on bone material properties and architecture. In this study, Lamb wave theory and numerical simulations of wave propagation were used to gain insights into the expected behaviour of guided waves in …

PhysiologyWave propagationAcousticsPhysics::Medical PhysicsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsAcrylic ResinsSignalModels BiologicalLamb wavesOpticsPhysiology (medical)HumansComputer SimulationUltrasonographyPhysicsGuided wave testingTibiabusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingSurface waveOsteoporosisUltrasonic sensorbusinessMechanical waveLongitudinal wavePhysiological measurement
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Piezoelectric model of rainfall energy harvester

2014

In this paper a model to predict the harvest of the energy contained in rainfall by means of piezoelectric transducers is presented. Different studies agree on the level of suitable generated voltage on the electrodes of a piezoelectric transducer subjected to rainfall, but a complete characterization on the supplied power is still missing. This work, in order to limit optimistic forecasts, compares the behavior of the transducers subjected to real and artificial rainfall, a condition that has shown promising behavior in laboratory.

Piezoelectric coefficientPiezoelectric accelerometerPiezoelectric sensorAcousticsenergy harvester piezoelectric effectSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciPiezoelectricitySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPower (physics)Settore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaTransducerPMUTEnvironmental scienceSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheVoltage
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Metodología para la mejora acústica de recintos de culto. Aplicación en la Catedral de Valencia

2021

[ES] Los recintos de culto son espacios patrimoniales de gran valor cultural, artístico y arquitectónico. Asimismo, en ellos tienen lugar eventos, integrantes de su patrimonio cultural inmaterial, donde la transmisión del sonido es un factor preferente. Por todo ello, resulta relevante garantizar un adecuado acondicionamiento acústico de los recintos de culto para sus dos usos fundamentales, la música religiosa y la palabra. Para ello, se ha establecido una metodología compuesta por las fases de medición acústica, estudio del comportamiento acústico del recinto, levantamiento y calibración del modelo acústico y simulaciones acústicas. Al tratarse de edificios protegidos, las propuestas de i…

Places of worshipAcústica arquitectònicaReligious musicPalabraHeritageMúsica religiosaAcoustic simulationPatrimonioRecintos de cultoFISICA APLICADASimulación acústicaSpeechArquitectura religiosaMATEMATICA APLICADA
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The galaxy power spectrum take on spatial curvature and cosmic concordance

2020

The concordance of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model in light of current observations has been the subject of an intense debate in recent months. The 2018 Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy power spectrum measurements appear at face value to favour a spatially closed Universe with curvature parameter $\Omega_K<0$. This preference disappears if Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements are combined with Planck data to break the geometrical degeneracy, although the reliability of this combination has been questioned due to the strong tension present between the two datasets when assuming a curved Universe. Here, we approach this issue from yet another point…

Planckcosmological modelCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)media_common.quotation_subjectCosmological parametersSpatial curvatureDark matterCosmic microwave backgroundCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesanisotropycosmic background radiationAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)power spectrumCurvature01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologydark matterCosmologyacousticsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesPlanck010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmedia_commonPhysics[PHYS.GRQC] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]010308 nuclear & particles physicstemperatureAstronomy and AstrophysicsoscillationtensionUniverseGalaxybaryonCosmological tensionsSpace and Planetary Sciencecurvature[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]symbolsgalaxy[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph][PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsPhysics of the Dark Universe
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Detection of events by means of plane wave decomposition analysis and cross-correlation technniques using a circular array of microphones

2013

[EN] This article deals with the study and analysis of room acoustics through a process of sound field decomposition sampled with microphones circular arrays. The spatial characteristics of the sound field inside a room can be meaningfully described by means of microphone array processing techniques. In this context, the set of impulse responses sampled by a microphone array can be seen as an image made of acoustic planewave footprints. Due to the circular geometry of the microphone array, these footprints have a cosine-like shape that can be fully described as a function of the direction of arrival (DOA) of the impinging plane wave.Plane-wave decomposition (PWD) technique using microphone …

Plane wave decompositionCircular microphone arraysCross-correlationTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESDetection of acoustic eventsCross-correlation methodRoom acousticsComunicación Audiovisual y PublicidadMicrophone arraysSound field analysis
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Path integral solution for nonlinear systems under parametric Poissonian white noise input

2016

Abstract In this paper the problem of the response evaluation in terms of probability density function of nonlinear systems under parametric Poisson white noise is addressed. Specifically, extension of the Path Integral method to this kind of systems is introduced. Such systems exhibit a jump at each impulse occurrence, whose value is obtained in closed form considering two general classes of nonlinear multiplicative functions. Relying on the obtained closed form relation liking the impulses amplitude distribution and the corresponding jump response of the system, the Path Integral method is extended to deal with systems driven by parametric Poissonian white noise. Several numerical applica…

Poisson white noiseMonte Carlo methodAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringProbability density function02 engineering and technologyImpulse (physics)01 natural sciencesPath integral solution0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematics010301 acousticsCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsParametric statisticsMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsWhite noiseCondensed Matter PhysicsJump responseNonlinear system020303 mechanical engineering & transportsParametric inputNuclear Energy and EngineeringPath integral formulationNonlinear system
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Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Chemically Bonded Anchors

2010

This paper presents a study on the use of acoustic emission (AE) to assess the structural soundness of concrete reinforced with chemically bonded anchors. The results of an experimental work based on six pullout tests monitored using an AE instrumentation suite are reported below. In every test one rebar was embedded in the hardened concrete by means of polyester resin. The AE was adopted to moni- tor the onset and progression of any structural damage. The parametric analysis, the intensity analysis and the moment tensor analysis of AE data were used to discriminate among different sources of damage. The technique shows promise for field application and may contribute to fully understand th…

Polyester resinchemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceParametric analysisbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringInstrumentationRebarMoment tensorStructural engineeringlaw.inventionAnchor rods Pullout tests Acoustic emission Parameter analysis Moment tensor Intensity analysisAcoustic emissionchemistryMechanics of MaterialslawSolid mechanicsAdhesiveComposite materialSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzionibusinessJournal of Nondestructive Evaluation
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Hygrothermal effect on moisture kinetics and mechanical properties of hemp/polypropylene composite: Experimental and numerical studies

2015

The exposition of thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fibers to moisture and heat is likely to lower their mechanical properties and restrain their use in the design of parts. The present work is focussed on investigating the effects of hygrothermal aging on the mechanical behaviour of injected polypropylene reinforced with short hemp fibers. Moreover, the kinetic of isothermal moisture absorption has been studied for four immersion temperatures. The experimental results show that the time taken to reach saturation decreases significantly with increase in immersion temperature. These tests also reveal that moisture absorption in this type of materials does not follow Fick's law…

PolypropyleneAbsorption (acoustics)Work (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMoistureDiffusionComposite number02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIsothermal processFinite element methodchemistry.chemical_compound020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringchemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesComposite material0210 nano-technologyPolymer Composites
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