Search results for "ACTIVATION"

showing 10 items of 2079 documents

Anti-inflammatory actions of the heme oxygenase-1 pathway.

2003

Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is induced by oxidative or nitrosative stress, cytokines and other mediators produced during inflammatory processes, likely as part of a defence system in cells exposed to stress to provide a negative feedback for cell activation and the production of mediators, which could modulate the inflammatory response. HO-1 activity results in the inhibition of oxidative damage and apoptosis, with significant reductions in inflammatory events including edema, leukocyte adhesion and migration, and production of inflammatory cytokines. HO-1 is induced by nitric oxide (NO) in different biological systems and can control the increased production of this mediator observed in many i…

Chemokinemedicine.medical_treatmentInflammationmedicine.disease_causeProinflammatory cytokineDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacologyInflammationbiologyChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalMembrane ProteinsCell biologyHeme oxygenaseCytokineImmunologyHeme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)biology.proteinmedicine.symptomSignal transductionCell activationOxidative stressHeme Oxygenase-1Signal TransductionCurrent pharmaceutical design
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Binding of Tat Protein to TAR Region of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Blocks TAR-Mediated Activation of (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate Synthetase

1990

The TAR sequence of the 5' leader of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-directed mRNA was found to be able to bind to and to activate double-stranded RNA-dependent (2'-5')A synthetase. Binding of TAR to the purified synthetase in vitro was abolished by addition of HIV-1 Tat protein, which binds to this sequence with a high affinity. Inhibition of TAR-mediated activation of (2'-5')A synthetase by Tat was prevented in the presence of the Zn2+ and Cd2+ chelators o-phenanthroline and penicillamine, which did not impair TAR-synthetase interaction. Transient expression assays of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in HeLa cells revealed that the levels of both CAT mRNA and CAT protein …

Chloramphenicol O-AcetyltransferaseGene Expression Regulation ViralImmunologyBiologyTransfectionChloramphenicol acetyltransferaseTar (tobacco residue)InterferonVirology2'5'-Oligoadenylate SynthetasemedicineHumansRNA MessengerGeneRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidRegulation of gene expressionMessenger RNA2'-5'-OligoadenylatePenicillamineTransfectionMolecular biologyEnzyme ActivationZincInfectious DiseasesGenes tatHIV-1Trans-ActivatorsInterferonsCadmiumPhenanthrolinesmedicine.drugAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
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Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorobenzoates with Alkyl Grignard Reagents

2020

Aryl benzoates are compounds of high importance in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the iron-catalyzed C(sp2)&ndash

Chlorobenzoatesaryl estersPharmaceutical ScienceMedicinal chemistryArticleCatalysisAnalytical ChemistryCatalysislcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundironlcsh:Organic chemistryDrug Discoverycross-couplingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationNucleophilic additionMolecular StructureArylOrganic ChemistryBenzoatesChlorobenzoateschemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Fe-catalysisFunctional groupKumada cross-couplingMolecular MedicineOrganic synthesisC–O activationIron CompoundsMolecules
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Dependence on nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) levels discriminates conventional T cells from Foxp3 + regulatory T cells

2012

Several lines of evidence suggest nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) to control regulatory T cells: thymus-derived naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTreg) depend on calcium signals, the Foxp3 gene harbors several NFAT binding sites, and the Foxp3 (Fork head box P3) protein interacts with NFAT. Therefore, we investigated the impact of NFAT on Foxp3 expression. Indeed, the generation of peripherally induced Treg (iTreg) by TGF-β was highly dependent on NFAT expression because the ability of CD4 + T cells to differentiate into iTreg diminished markedly with the number of NFAT family members missing. It can be concluded that the expression of Foxp3 in TGF-β–induced iTreg depends…

Chromatin ImmunoprecipitationAdoptive cell transferT-LymphocytesImmunoblottingFluorescent Antibody TechniqueLymphocyte ActivationT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryAutoimmune DiseasesProinflammatory cytokineMiceTransforming Growth Factor betaAnimalsHumansHomeodomain ProteinsMultidisciplinaryNFATC Transcription FactorsbiologyFOXP3Forkhead Transcription FactorsNFATTransforming growth factor betaBiological SciencesColitisFlow CytometryNFATC Transcription FactorsAdoptive TransferMolecular biologyCell biologyTransplantationCyclosporinebiology.proteinChromatin immunoprecipitationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Gas chromatographic analysis of resveratrol in plasma, lipoproteins and cells after in vitro incubations

1998

Resveratrol is a trihydroxystilbene present in certain red wines. It may play a role in the inhibition of lipoprotein oxidation and platelet activity. We have developed the first method to measure resveratrol in animal and human samples and to study its incorporation in vitro. After adding epicoprostanol as an internal standard, samples are subjected to lipid extraction in the presence of antioxidant and under dim light to minimize both denaturation and isomerization of the trans-resveratrol to the cis-form. Extracts were purified by cold acetone precipitation and the resveratrol-containing acetone phase was evaporated under nitrogen. The resveratrol was analyzed as a trimethylsilyl derivat…

Chromatography GasErythrocytesAntioxidantendocrine system diseasesmedicine.medical_treatmentResveratrolSensitivity and Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundStilbenesAcetonemedicineAnimalsHumansPlatelet activationLipoprotein oxidationDetection limitChromatographyorganic chemicalsReproducibility of Resultsfood and beveragesStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryRatsLipoproteins LDLchemistryResveratrolCalibrationLinear ModelsGas chromatographyQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Platelet Aggregation InhibitorsJournal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications
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Production, isolation and characterization of radiochemically pure 163Ho samples for the ECHo-project

2018

Abstract Several experiments on the study of the electron neutrino mass are based on high-statistics measurements of the energy spectrum following electron capture of the radionuclide 163Ho. They rely on the availability of large, radiochemically pure samples of 163Ho. Here, we describe the production, separation, characterization, and sample production within the Electron Capture in Holmium-163 (ECHo) project. 163Ho has been produced by thermal neutron activation of enriched, prepurified 162Er targets in the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France, in irradiations lasting up to 54 days. Irradiated targets were chemically processed by means of extraction chromatogr…

ChromatographyChemistryEcho (computing)lanthanide separationneutron activation[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryIsolation (microbiology)7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNeutrino mass determination0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)163Ho0103 physical sciencesextraction chromatographyPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsNeutron activationRadiochimica Acta
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ICP-MS multielement determination in fly ash after microwave-assisted digestion of samples.

2001

A microwave assisted digestion procedure has been developed for dissolution of fly ash samples prior to the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric determination of their elemental composition. The developed methodology was validated by carrying out the analysis of two high-silicate containing reference materials (CRM 134R sewage amended soil and NIES JR 1 rock) and by means of the comparison between results found by microwave-assisted digestion and ICP-MS of fly ash samples with those found by neutron activation analysis (NAA) for Sb, Cs, Cr, Co, Fe, U and Zn determination. The method developed can be recommended for routine multielement analysis of fly ash.

ChromatographyMicrowave assisted digestionDigestion (alchemy)ChemistryFly ashMicrowave ovenNeutron activation analysisMass spectrometryInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryDissolutionAnalytical ChemistryTalanta
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Screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by CE after enzymatic reaction at capillary inlet.

2009

In this study the development of a procedure based on capillary electrophoresis after enzymatic reaction at capillary inlet methodology for the screening and in vitro evaluation of the biological activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors is presented. The progress of the enzymatic reaction of the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine at pH 8 in the presence of AChE and the inhibitor studied is determined by measuring at 230 nm the peak area of the reaction product thiocholine (TCh). In the method employed the capillary was first filled with 30 mM borate-phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) and subsequently, plugs of: (i) water, (ii) AChE solution, (iii) substrate solution with or without inhibitor,…

ChromatographyTime FactorsbiologyHydrolysisSubstrate (chemistry)Electrophoresis CapillaryFiltration and SeparationEdrophoniumAcetylcholinesteraseAnalytical ChemistryEnzyme Activationchemistry.chemical_compoundKineticsThiocholineCapillary electrophoresisNon-competitive inhibitionchemistryEnzyme inhibitorAcetylthiocholinemedicinebiology.proteinAcetylcholinesteraseCholinesterase InhibitorsSoftwaremedicine.drugJournal of separation science
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Low toenail chromium concentration and increased risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction

2005

Chromium intake may increase insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and the ratio of high density lipoprotein cholesterol to low density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, the epidemiologic evidence on the association between chromium and cardiovascular disease is very limited. To determine whether low toenail chromium concentrations were associated with risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction, the authors conducted an incident, population-based, case-control study in eight European countries and Israel in 1991-1992. Cases (n = 684) were men with a first diagnosis of myocardial infarction recruited from the coronary units of participating hospitals. Controls (n = 724) were men selected rando…

ChromiumMaleRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyNutrition and DiseaseEpidemiologyInternational CooperationPopulationMyocardial Infarctioncardiovascular-diseaseChromium deficiencysupplementspicolinateRisk FactorsInternal medicineVoeding en ZiekteEpidemiologymedicineHumansMyocardial infarctionRisk factorglucoseeducationVLAGGlobal Nutritioneducation.field_of_studyWereldvoedingbusiness.industrycoronary-arteryCase-control studyweightOdds ratioNeutron Activation AnalysisMiddle AgedToesmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalSurgerynutritionNailsCase-Control StudiesdietaryatherosclerosisbusinessmetaanalysisAmerican Journal of Epidemiology
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The human gene for mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP-2), the effector component of the lectin route of complement activation, …

2001

The proteases of the lectin pathway of complement activation, MASP-1 and MASP-2, are encoded by two separate genes. The MASP1 gene is located on chromosome 3q27, the MASP2 gene on chromosome 1p36.23-31. The genes for the classical complement activation pathway proteases, C1r and C1s, are linked on chromosome 12p13. We have shown that the MASP2 gene encodes two gene products, the 76 kDa MASP-2 serine protease and a plasma protein of 19 kDa, termed MAp19 or sMAP. Both gene products are components of the lectin pathway activation complex. We present the complete primary structure of the human MASP2 gene and the tight cluster that this locus forms with non-complement genes. A comparison of the …

Chromosomes Artificial BacterialTranscription GeneticGenetic LinkageRNA SplicingImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataBiologyGeneticsHumansPromoter Regions GeneticComplement ActivationGenetics (clinical)Mannan-binding lectinGeneticsComplement component 2Base SequenceCD69Serine EndopeptidasesC4AChromosome MappingCollectinsKLRB1Chromosomes Human Pair 1Lectin pathwayMannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine ProteasesMultigene Familybiology.proteinCarrier ProteinsMASP2MASP1
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