Search results for "AEM"
showing 10 items of 1006 documents
Antagonistic effects of a Mhc class I allele on malaria-infected house sparrows.
2008
8 pages; International audience; Genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) play a fundamental role during the immune response because MHC molecules expressed on cell surface allow the recognition and presentation of antigenic peptides to T-lymphocytes. Although Mhc alleles have been found to correlate with pathogen resistance in several host-parasite systems, several studies have also reported associations between Mhc alleles and an accrued infection risk or an accelerated disease progression. The existence of these susceptibility alleles is puzzling, as the cost generated by the infection should rapidly eliminate them from the population. Here, we show that susceptibility alleles…
Sensitive measure of prevalence and parasitaemia of haemosporidia from European blackbird (Turdus merula) populations: value of PCR-RFLP and quantita…
2006
8 pages; International audience; Haemosporidian parasites are common in birds in which they act as an important selective pressure. While most studies so far have focused on the effect of their prevalence on host life-history traits, no study has measured the effect of parasitaemia. We developed molecular methods to detect, identify and quantify haemosporidia in 2 natural populations of the Blackbird Turdus merula. Three different parasite genotypes were found - 1 Haemoproteus and 2 Plasmodium. A PCR-RFLP screening revealed that only approximately 3% of blackbirds were free of parasites, compared to the 34% of uninfected birds estimated by blood smear screening. A quantitative PCR (q-PCR) a…
Local consumers are the first line to control biological invasions: a case of study with the whelk Stramonita haemastoma (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
2016
The increasing spread of invasive species in the Mediterranean Sea determines several alterations in local food webs, changing the feeding habits of native organisms. The whelk Stramonita haemastoma is a widespread Mediterranean gastropod that consumes bivalves, barnacles and limpets. Previous studies showed a shift in its diet from the bivalve Mytilaster minimus to the invasive mussel Brachidontes pharaonis, presumably due to a higher energy gain. Here we tested whelks’ preference among natives and a novel prey, calculating the profitability ratio, and integrating those results with biochemical analysis on prey tissues and the routine metabolism of the whelks. Further, we used the scaled f…
Anti-inflammatory effect of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed extract through the downregulation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macr…
2019
Abstract The aim of this study was to enhance the anti-inflammatory potential of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed extract (GSE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The total phenol content of GSE was 112.66 mg GAE/g in Carignan, 142.33 mg GAE/g in Merlot and 161.66 mg GAE/g in Syrah. GSE contained 12 phenol compounds including 8 flavan-3-ols (catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, procyanidin b1, procyanidin b4, procyanidin b2), 3 flavonols (kaempferol, myricitrinand quercetin) and only 1 phenolic acid (gallic acid). GSE significantly suppressed the gene expression and protein secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), induc…
Cytotoxic polyoxygenated isopimarane diterpenoids from the edible rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga (kencur)
2020
Abstract Kaempferia galanga (Family Zingiberaceae) is a widely distributed Asian medicinal plant and cultured crop. Several traditional uses of the rhizomes of this plant have been reported with widely using as flavors and spice in cooking. The present work concerned the isolation and identification as well as antiproliferative activity of metabolites of the rhizomes of K. galanga. Three new polyoxygenated isopimarane diterpenoids, kaemgalangols B-D (1-3), were isolated and identified in addition to 20 knowns (4-27), one monoterpene (28), and five known phenolic compounds (29-33). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established mainly based upon the spectroscopic analysis…
Ferroterapia en el manejo de la anemia en la enfermedad renal crónica no en diálisis: perspectiva del grupo de anemia de la S.E.N
2021
Resumen: Este trabajo realiza una actualización sobre el manejo del déficit de hierro en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), ya sea con o sin anemia. Se revisan las recomendaciones de las guías para el tratamiento de la ferropenia en la ERC. Además, muestra los nuevos estudios sobre ferroterapia en pacientes con ERC, así como los nuevos conocimientos sobre el déficit férrico y su impacto en los resultados clínicos.La anemia es una complicación frecuente de la ERC y se asocia con una disminución en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, así como un aumento de la morbimortalidad. El déficit de hierro (absoluto o funcional) es frecuente en pacientes con ERC que no reciben diálisis y pu…
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage in an Elderly Patient with Comorbidities
2020
Abstract Subdural hemorrhage is usually caused by a traumatic injury. Other risk factors that may lead to subdural hemorrhage include: hypertension, anticoagulants, elderly, alcohol abuse, vascular abnormalities etc. Mortality range is between 50% and 90% depending on age, admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and anticoagulant treatment. We present a case of 74-year old patient, female, known for diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, chronic heart failure, receiving anticoagulant treatment, bronchial asthma who develops a posttraumatic massive chronic subdural hematoma accompanied by comorbidities.
Novel, automated, semi-industrial modular photobioreactor system for cultivation of demanding microalgae that produce fine chemicals - The next story…
2021
Abstract Recently, there has been increased interest in the use of microorganisms in the production of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and energy supply products, which is due to their rapid growth rate and ability to biosynthesize fine chemicals or biotransform specific xenobiotics. To achieve the desired scale of production and optimization of microbial cultures, it is necessary to design bioreactors that enable process automation, control of working parameters, reduction of microbial and chemical contaminations, and culture independence of climate conditions. In response to this need, an original, modular airlift-type photobioreactor system was designed and manufactured. This novel semit…
Comparative Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Opuntia ficus‐indica Sanguigna and Surfarina Seed Oils Obtained by Traditional and Ultrasound‐Ass…
2018
This study investigates the seed oils obtained from two different varieties of Opuntia ficus-indica (Sanguigna and Surfarina) growing in Sicily, Italy. Soxhlet and ultrasound-assisted extraction procedures are used to obtain the seed oils. The fatty acid profile, γ-tocopherols, carotenoid content, and the bioactivity in terms of the antioxidant effects (using ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and β-carotene bleaching tests), and carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzyme inhibitory activity (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) are determined. The extraction procedure does not significantly affect the fatty acid composition of the oil, but it does affect the tocopherol and carotenoid contents, as well as the antioxidant and …
Cognate HLA absence in trans diminishes human NK cell education
2016
NK cells are innate lymphocytes with protective functions against viral infections and tumor formation. Human NK cells carry inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs), which recognize distinct HLAs. NK cells with KIRs for self-HLA molecules acquire superior cytotoxicity against HLA– tumor cells during education for improved missing-self recognition. Here, we reconstituted mice with human hematopoietic cells from donors with homozygous KIR ligands or with a mix of hematopoietic cells from these homozygous donors, allowing assessment of the resulting KIR repertoire and NK cell education. We found that co-reconstitution with 2 KIR ligand–mismatched compartments did not alter the frequenc…