Search results for "AIDS-Related"

Localized crusted scabies in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

1992

Summary Crusted scabies (CrS) is an uncommon occurrence among patients with AIDS. Indeed to date only five cases have been described, all with widespread lesions. A case of localized CrS appearing as a yellowish and crusted plaque on the second right toe is reported in a woman with AIDS. Scraping off the verrucous surface, as well as punch-biopsy revealed many mites within the horny layer. The infestation is related to the cutaneous immune response and thus CrS should be considered an opportunistic infestation in AIDS. The importance of the early diagnosis of CrS in order to prevent disseminated lesions and involvement of other health-care workers is underlined.

Chronic Intestinal Infection due to Subgenus F Type 40 Adenovirus in a Patient with AIDS

1997

A case of chronic intestinal infection due to adenovirus type 40 lasting for 13 months in a patient with AIDS is described. Adenovirus particles were detected by electron microscopy in biopsy samples taken from the duodenum 3 months after the onset of diarrhoea. The virus was identified as adenovirus type 40 in stool samples by ELISA monoclonal antibodies to adenovirus group antigen (MAd-g2) and types 40 and 41 (MA 40-1 and MA 41-1). No other enteropathogens were found. These data support a causal relationship between adenovirus 40 and the gastrointestinal symptoms of the patient. This is the first reported case of intestinal infection caused by adenovirus type 40 in a patient with AIDS.

Plasma HIV-1 RNA and route of transmission in oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia

2000

VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS AS CAUSE OF ANEMIA IN HIV PATIENT

2004

Host immune response to Cryptosporidium parvum infection

2010

Species of the genus Cryptosporidium are protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa) that cause gastroenteritis in animals and humans. Of these Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis are the major causative agents of human cryptosporidiosis. Whereas infection is self-limiting in the immunocompetent hosts, immunocompromised individuals develop a chronic, life-threatening disease. As specific therapeutic or preventive interventions are not yet available, better understanding of the immune response to the parasite is required. This minireview briefly summarizes the factors involved in the innate and acquired immune response in this pathogen-host interaction with an emphasis on more recent da…

Gender differences in human immunodeficiency virus–related oral lesions: An Italian study

2001

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral lesions and gender, age, CD4+ cell count, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) viral load, antiretroviral therapy, and route of transmission in a group of HIV-infected (HIV+) persons from the Mediterranean region. Study Design: The participants in this study were HIV+ adults who sought dental care between January 1999 and June 1999 in the Department of Oral Medicine (University of Palermo, Italy). Results: One hundred thirty-six HIV+ adults came in for an initial oral examination. Their mean age was 35.2 years (SD ± 7.97), and 33% were women. Their mean CD4+ cell count was 325.3 × 106 /L (SD ± 2…

Candidal carriage in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus–infected subjects

2002

Abstract Objectives. We sought to assess asymptomatic oral carriage of Candida species and relative density in human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) subjects, as well as to determine whether yeast carriage is associated with CD4+cell count, HIV-1 RNA quantity, gender, route of HIV transmission, antiretroviral therapy, or smoking. Study Design. A cross-sectional analysis of oral rinses from HIV+ and healthy subjects was undertaken. Oral candidal carriage and relative species were investigated in 42 HIV+ and 41 healthy individuals, all of whom were seen at the Palermo University Department of Oral Sciences, Italy. Data were managed and analyzed by means of the computer software package…

Human herpesvirus type 8 DNA sequences in biological samples of HIV-positive and negative individuals in Sicily.

1997

Objective: To evaluate the circulation of a new human herpesvirus (HHV), HHV-8 or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus in a geographical area where a high incidence rate of classical KS was already present before the appearance of the AIDS epidemic. Design and methods: The study was carried out by analysing: (i) bioptic samples from classic, AIDS-associated KS, and controls; (ii) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from classic KS, HIV-positive subjects with and without KS and healthy HIV-negative individuals; (iii) semen samples from heterosexual HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals affected or not by KS; and (iv) cervical swabs from HIV-negative healthy heterosexual fem…

Application of a 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine ELISA for measuring the lymphoproliferative response to human cytomegalovirus in HIV-1-infected patients

2002

Assessment of the lymphoproliferative response to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may help to identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients at high risk of developing HCMV end-organ disease. The tritiated thymidine ([3H]-TdR)-incorporation assay is the gold standard for measuring lymphoproliferative responses, though it is unsuitable as a routine laboratory procedure. An alternative non-radioactive technique, a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was applied for measuring T-cell proliferation in response to HCMV. Stimulation of either 1 x 10(5) or 5 x 10(4) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)/well with 10 PFU/well (before inactivation) of …

Pulmonary aspergilloma in a patient with AIDS.

1995

Aspergillus infections are rare in the course of AIDS. They mostly occur as invasive destructive disease in patients with severe CD4 cell depletion. An unusual case of a homosexual AIDS patient who developed a pulmonary aspergilloma is presented.