Search results for "AKE"

showing 10 items of 10819 documents

Maximal function estimates and self-improvement results for Poincaré inequalities

2018

Our main result is an estimate for a sharp maximal function, which implies a Keith–Zhong type self-improvement property of Poincaré inequalities related to differentiable structures on metric measure spaces. As an application, we give structure independent representation for Sobolev norms and universality results for Sobolev spaces. peerReviewed

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsAlgebraic geometryharmoninen analyysi01 natural sciencesUniversality (dynamical systems)Sobolev inequalitySobolev spacesymbols.namesakeNumber theoryinequalities0103 physical sciencesPoincaré conjecturesymbolsharmonic analysisMaximal function010307 mathematical physicsDifferentiable function0101 mathematicsfunktionaalianalyysiepäyhtälötMathematics
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Rydberg excitation of trapped cold ions: a detailed case study

2011

We provide a detailed theoretical and conceptual study of a planned experiment to excite Rydberg states of ions trapped in a Paul trap. The ultimate goal is to exploit the strong state dependent interactions between Rydberg ions to implement quantum information processing protocols and to simulate the dynamics of strongly interacting spin systems. We highlight the promises of this approach when combining the high degree of control and readout of quantum states in trapped ion crystals with the novel and fast gate schemes based on interacting giant Rydberg atomic dipole moments. We discuss anticipated theoretical and experimental challenges on the way towards its realization.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasIonsymbols.namesakeDipoleQuantum state0103 physical sciencesRydberg formulasymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsIon trapAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsSpin (physics)Realization (systems)ExcitationNew Journal of Physics
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Interpolated measures with bounded density in metric spaces satisfying the curvature-dimension conditions of Sturm

2011

We construct geodesics in the Wasserstein space of probability measure along which all the measures have an upper bound on their density that is determined by the densities of the endpoints of the geodesic. Using these geodesics we show that a local Poincar\'e inequality and the measure contraction property follow from the Ricci curvature bounds defined by Sturm. We also show for a large class of convex functionals that a local Poincar\'e inequality is implied by the weak displacement convexity of the functional.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsGeodesicPoincaré inequalityMetric measure spaceCurvature01 natural sciencesConvexitysymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEsMathematics - Metric GeometryFOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric Geometry0101 mathematicsRicci curvatureMathematicsProbability measure010102 general mathematicsta111Measure contraction propertyMetric Geometry (math.MG)53C23 (Primary) 28A33 49Q20 (Secondary)Functional Analysis (math.FA)010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Functional AnalysisMetric spaceRicci curvatureDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Poincaré inequalityBounded functionsymbolsMathematics::Differential GeometryAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Impact of Ir modification on the durability of FeNC catalysts under start-up and shutdown cycle conditions

2022

A common problem associated with FeNC catalysts is their poor stability dominated by the carbon oxidation reaction (COR). In this work, the feasibility of stabilizing FeNC catalysts with small quantities of Ir was explored. With iridium being present, instead of COR the oxygen evolution reaction should be favored. The impact on structure and morphology was investigated by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The catalytic activity and durability for the oxygen reduction reaction was evaluated by rotating ring disc electrode experiments and accelerated stress tests mimicking the start-up and shutdown cycle (SS…

Materials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentOxygen evolutionchemistry.chemical_elementProton exchange membrane fuel cellGeneral Chemistry540RedoxCatalysissymbols.namesakechemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyChemical engineeringsymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceIridiumRaman spectroscopyFaraday efficiencyJournal of Materials Chemistry A
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TEM and Raman characterisation of diamond micro- and nanostructures in carbon spherules from upper soils

2008

Carbonaceous spherules of millimeter size diameter and found in the upper soils throughout Europe are investigated by TEM, including SAED, HRTEM and EELS, and Raman spectroscopy. The spherules consist primarily of carbon and have an open cell-like internal structure. Most of the carbon appears in an amorphous state, but different morphologies of nano- and microdiamond particles have also been discovered including flake shapes. The latter observation, together with the original findings of some of these spherules in crater-like structures in the landscape and including severely deformed rocks with some spherules being embedded in the fused crust of excavated rocks, points towards unique cond…

NanostructureMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringDiamondchemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleMineralogyGeneral Chemistryengineering.materialElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidsymbols.namesakechemistryTransmission electron microscopyMaterials ChemistryengineeringsymbolsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyRaman spectroscopyCarbonDiamond and Related Materials
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Pressure Shift and Gravitational Red Shift of Balmer Lines in White Dwarfs. Rediscussion

2015

The Stark-induced shift and asymmetry, the so-called pressure shift (PS) of $H_\alpha$ and $H_\beta$ Balmer lines in spectra of DA white dwarfs (WDs), as masking effects in measurements of the gravitational red shift in WDs, have been examined in detail. The results are compared with our earlier ones from before a quarter of a century (Grabowski et al. 1987, hereafter ApJ'87; Madej and Grabowski 1990). In these earlier papers, as a dominant constituent of the Balmer-line-profiles, the standard, symmetrical Stark line profiles, shifted as the whole by PS-effect, were applied to all spectrally active layers of the WD atmosphere. At present, in each of the WD layers, the Stark-line-profiles (e…

Physicsatomic processes; line: formation; line: profiles; plasmas; white dwarfsmedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesBalmer seriesWhite dwarfAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsPlasmaAsymmetrySpectral linesymbols.namesakeStarsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Line (formation)media_commonGravitational redshift
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Levy flights and nonlocal quantum dynamics

2013

We develop a fully fledged theory of quantum dynamical patterns of behavior that are nonlocally induced. To this end we generalize the standard Laplacian-based framework of the Schr\"{o}dinger picture quantum evolution to that employing nonlocal (pseudodifferential) operators. Special attention is paid to the Salpeter (here, $m\geq 0$) quasirelativistic equation and the evolution of various wave packets, in particular to their radial expansion in 3D. Foldy's synthesis of "covariant particle equations" is extended to encompass free Maxwell theory, which however is devoid of any "particle" content. Links with the photon wave mechanics are explored.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryQuantum PhysicsPhotonStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Wave packetQuantum dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Schrödinger equationsymbols.namesakeMaxwell's equationsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)symbolsSchrödinger pictureMatter waveQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsMathematical physics
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Analysis of multi degree of freedom systems with fractional derivative elements of rational order

2014

In this paper a novel method based on complex eigenanalysis in the state variables domain is proposed to uncouple the set of rational order fractional differential equations governing the dynamics of multi-degree-of-freedom system. The traditional complex eigenanalysis is appropriately modified to be applicable to the coupled fractional differential equations. This is done by expanding the dimension of the problem and solving the system in the state variable domain. Examples of applications are given pertaining to multi-degree-of-freedom systems under both deterministic and stochastic loads.

State variableMathematical optimizationDifferential equationcomplex eigenvalue analysiRational functionfrequency domain analysisDomain (mathematical analysis)Fractional calculusfractional state variablesymbols.namesakeFourier transformDimension (vector space)Multi-degree-of-freedom systems; complex eigenvalue analysis; fractional state variables; frequency domain analysisFrequency domainsymbolsMulti-degree-of-freedom systemSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniMathematics
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Adequate Urinary Iodine Concentration among Infants in the Inland Area of Norway

2021

Considering the importance of iodine to support optimal growth and neurological development of the brain and central nervous system, this study aimed to assess and evaluate iodine status in Norwegian infants. We collected data on dietary intake of iodine, iodine knowledge in mothers, and assessed iodine concentration in mother’s breast milk and in infant’s urine in a cross-sectional study at two public healthcare clinics in the inland area of Norway. In the 130 mother–infant pairs, the estimated infant 24-h median iodine intake was 50 (IQR 31, 78) µg/day. The median infant urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 146 (IQR 93, 250) µg/L and within the recommended median defined by the World He…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyknowledgeIodine intakeschemistry.chemical_elementNutritional Status030209 endocrinology & metabolismUrineBreast milkIodinePublic healthcareWorld healthArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineUrinary iodine concentrationsMedicineHumansTX341-641Infant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaInland areasIodine intake030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsUICMilk HumanNutrition. Foods and food supplybusiness.industryinfantsiodineNorwayDietary intakeInfant NewbornInfanturinary iodine concentrationiodine intakeinland areaBreast FeedingCross-Sectional StudiesVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800chemistryFemaleUrinary iodinebusinessFood Science
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Väitöskirjatutkijat akateemisessa maailmassa

2022

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan akateemisen maailman reunaehtoja, joihin väitöskirjatutkijat törmäävät tohtoriopinnoissa sekä sitä, millaisia erilaisia polkuja asiantuntijuuteen reunaehdot viitoittavat. Tohtorikoulutusta asiantuntijuuden rakentumisen kontekstina on aiemmin tarkasteltu eri osa-alueiden, kuten ohjauksen tai rahoituksen, näkökulmasta. Sen sijaan tässä artikkelissa tavoittelemamme holistinen, yksilöllisiä ja systeemisiä ehtoja yhdistävä tarkastelu on ollut vähäistä. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu Tietoarkiston avulla kerätyistä väitöskirjatutkijoiden (N = 54) kirjoitelmista, joissa he kuvaavat kokemuksiaan asiantuntijana toimimiseen sisältyvistä mahdollisuuksista ja haasteista. Aineis…

työyhteisötasenteetGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistrytutkijaturakehitysammatti-identiteettihiljainen tietojatko-opiskeluakateeminen työvoimakokemuksetyliopistotasiantuntijuustohtorikoulutusAikuiskasvatus
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